Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/64)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

It has been narrated to us from Abu Dharr that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The heaven groaned, and it has every right to groan. By Him in whose hand is my soul, there is not within it the space of four fingers except that an angel has placed his forehead in prostration to Allah.” (1)

Al-Suddi said: Each has a known station in nearness and beholding.

Abu Bakr al-Warraq said: Each has a known station from which he worships Allah, such as fear, hope, love, and contentment.

“And indeed, we are those who stand in rows. (165) And indeed, we are those who glorify Allah. (166) Yet they used to say, (167) ‘If only we had a reminder from the former peoples, (168) we would surely have been Allah’s devoted servants.’ (169) But they disbelieved in it, so they will come to know. (170) And Our word had already preceded for Our sent servants: (171) indeed, they would surely be given victory, (172) and indeed, Our army would surely be the victors. (173)”

Regarding His saying, “And indeed, we are those who stand in rows,” Qatadah said: They are the angels, who line up their feet in rows. Al-Kalbi said: The rows of angels in heaven for worship are like the rows of people on earth.

“And indeed, we are those who glorify Allah”: that is, those who pray and declare Allah far above all imperfection. Gabriel informs the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, that they worship Allah through prayer and glorification, and that they are not objects of worship, as the disbelievers claimed. He then returns to speaking of the idolaters, saying:

“Yet they used to say”—that is, the people of Mecca used to say; the lām is for emphasis.

“If only we had a reminder from the former peoples”: that is, a Book like the Book of the former peoples.

“We would surely have been Allah’s devoted servants. But they disbelieved in it”: that is, when that Book came to them, they disbelieved in it. “So they will come to know” is a threat to them.

“And Our word had already preceded for Our sent servants”: this is His saying, “Allah has decreed: ‘I shall surely prevail, I and My messengers.’” (Al-Mujadilah 58:21)

“Indeed, they would surely be given victory, and indeed, Our army would surely be the victors”: that is, the party of Allah will have the upper hand through decisive proof and divine aid in the end.

(1) Reported by al-Tirmidhi in al-Zuhd, chapter: the Prophet's statement, “If you knew what I know, you would laugh little,” 6:601-603; he graded it hasan gharib. It was also reported at length by Ibn Majah in al-Zuhd, chapter on sorrow and weeping, no. 4190, 2:1402; and by Imam Ahmad, 5:173. Al-Hakim authenticated it, 2:510 and 4:579, stating: “Its chain of transmission is sound according to the criteria of the two Shaykhs”; al-Dhahabi concurred. Al-Albani also authenticated it in al-Sahihah, no. 1722. (2) The text within the parentheses is omitted in manuscript B.

وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "أَطَّتِ السَّمَاءُ، وَحَقَّ لَهَا أَنْ تَئِطَّ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا فِيهَا مَوْضِعُ أَرْبَعَةِ أَصَابِعَ إِلَّا وَمَلَكٌ وَاضِعٌ جَبْهَتَهُ سَاجِدًا لِلَّهِ" (١) قَالَ الْسُّدِّيُّ: إِلَّا لَهُ مَقَامٌ مَعْلُومٌ فِي الْقُرْبَةِ وَالْمُشَاهَدَةِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْوَرَّاقُ: إِلَّا لَهُ مَقَامٌ مَعْلُومٌ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ، كَالْخَوْفِ وَالرَّجَاءِ وَالْمَحَبَّةِ وَالرِّضَا. ﴿وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الصَّافُّونَ (١٦٥) وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الْمُسَبِّحُونَ (١٦٦) وَإِنْ كَانُوا لَيَقُولُونَ (١٦٧) لَوْ أَنَّ عِنْدَنَا ذِكْرًا مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ (١٦٨) لَكُنَّا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ (١٦٩) فَكَفَرُوا بِهِ فَسَوْفَ يَعْلَمُونَ (١٧٠) وَلَقَدْ سَبَقَتْ كَلِمَتُنَا لِعِبَادِنَا الْمُرْسَلِينَ (١٧١) إِنَّهُمْ لَهُمُ الْمَنْصُورُونَ (١٧٢) وَإِنَّ جُنْدَنَا لَهُمُ الْغَالِبُونَ (١٧٣) ﴾ ﴿وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الصَّافُّونَ﴾ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: هُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ صَفُّوا أَقْدَامَهُمْ. وَقَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ: صُفُوفُ الْمَلَائِكَةِ فِي السَّمَاءِ لِلْعِبَادَةِ كَصُفُوفِ النَّاسِ فِي الْأَرْضِ. ﴿وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الْمُسَبِّحُونَ﴾ أَيْ: الْمُصَلُّونَ الْمُنَزِّهُونَ اللَّهَ عَنِ السُّوءِ، يُخْبِرُ جِبْرِيلَ ﵇ [النَّبِيَّ ﷺ] (٢) أَنَّهُمْ يَعْبُدُونَ اللَّهَ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالتَّسْبِيحِ، وَأَنَّهُمْ لَيْسُوا بِمَعْبُودِينَ، كَمَا زَعَمَتِ الْكُفَّارُ، ثُمَّ أَعَادَ الْكَلَامَ إِلَى الْإِخْبَارِ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ: ﴿وَإِنْ كَانُوا﴾ وَقَدْ كَانُوا يَعْنِي: أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ، ﴿لَيَقُولُونَ﴾ لَامُ التَّأْكِيدِ. ﴿لَوْ أَنَّ عِنْدَنَا ذِكْرًا مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ﴾ أَيْ: كِتَابًا مِثْلَ كِتَابِ الْأَوَّلِينَ. ﴿لَكُنَّا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ فَكَفَرُوا بِهِ﴾ أَيْ: فَلَمَّا أَتَاهُمْ ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابُ كَفَرُوا بِهِ، ﴿فَسَوْفَ يَعْلَمُونَ﴾ هَذَا تَهْدِيدٌ لَهُمْ. ﴿وَلَقَدْ سَبَقَتْ كَلِمَتُنَا لِعِبَادِنَا الْمُرْسَلِينَ﴾ وَهِيَ قَوْلُهُ: "كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَأَغْلِبَنَّ أَنَا وَرُسُلِي" (الْمُجَادَلَةِ -٢١) . ﴿إِنَّهُمْ لَهُمُ الْمَنْصُورُونَ وَإِنَّ جُنْدَنَا لَهُمُ الْغَالِبُونَ﴾ أَيْ: حِزْبُ اللَّهِ لَهُمُ الْغَلَبَةُ بِالْحُجَّةِ وَالنُّصْرَةِ فِي الْعَاقِبَةِ.

(١) أخرجه الترمذي في الزهد، باب: في قول النبي ﷺ: "لو تعلمون ما أعلم لضحكتم قليلا" ٦ / ٦٠١ - ٦٠٣ وقال: "حسن غريب" وابن ماجه مطولا في الزهد، باب الحزن والبكاء برقم: (٤١٩٠) ٢ / ١٤٠٢، والإمام أحمد: ٥ / ١٧٣، وصححه الحاكم: ٢ / ٥١٠، وفي ٤ / ٥٧٩ وقال: صحيح الإسناد على شرط الشيخين وأقره الذهبي: وصححه الألباني في "الصحيحة" برقم (١٧٢٢) . (٢) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "ب".