Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/13)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

in the first sense: “We strengthened,” just as the ungeminated and geminated forms of “We strengthened” carry the same meaning. It is also said to mean: “We prevailed,” as in their saying, “Whoever is mighty seizes.” Kab said: The two messengers were Sadiq and Saduq, and the third was Shalum. Allah attributed the sending to Himself because Jesus, peace be upon him, had sent them only by His command. So they all said to the people of Antioch, “Indeed, we are messengers sent to you.”

“They said, ‘You are only human beings like us, and the Most Merciful has not sent down anything. You are only lying.’ They said, ‘Our Lord knows that we have indeed been sent to you, and upon us is only the clear conveyance of the message.’ They said, ‘We take you to be an evil omen. Unless you desist, we shall surely stone you, and a painful punishment from us shall certainly befall you.’ They said, ‘Your omen is with yourselves. Is it because you have been reminded? Rather, you are a people who exceed all bounds.’ And from the farthest end of the city there came a man running. He said, ‘O my people, follow the messengers.’”

“They said, ‘You are only human beings like us, and the Most Merciful has not sent down anything. You are only lying’”—that is, you are only liars in what you claim.

“They said, ‘Our Lord knows that we have indeed been sent to you.’

“And upon us is only the clear conveyance of the message.”

“They said, ‘We take you to be an evil omen’”—that is, we regard you as a bad omen. This was because rain had been withheld from them, so they said, “This has befallen us because of your ill omen.” “Unless you desist, we shall surely stone you”—that is, we shall surely kill you. Qatada said: with stones. “And a painful punishment from us shall certainly befall you.”

“They said, ‘Your omen is with yourselves’”—meaning, your ill omen is with you because of your disbelief and your denial; that is, the misfortune that has struck you has come from yourselves. Ibn Abbas ⦗92/a⦘ and al-Dahhak said: Your share of good and evil. “Is it because you have been reminded?”—that is, admonished concerning Allah. This is an interrogative expression whose answer is omitted; its meaning is: Is it because you have been reminded and admonished concerning Allah that you take us as an evil omen? Abu Ja'far recited it as “an dhukirtum,” with a fatḥah on the softened hamzah and without consonantal doubling. “Rather, you are a people who exceed all bounds”—associating partners with Allah and transgressing all limits.

His saying, exalted is He: “And from the farthest end of the city there came a man running”—he was Habib the carpenter. (1) Al-Suddi said: He was a fuller. (2) Wahb said: He was a man who worked with silk. (3) He was ill, having been swiftly afflicted by

(1) Al-Tabari, 22:159, reports it. In al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:51, al-Suyuti attributes it to Abd al-Razzaq, Abd ibn Humayd, Ibn al-Mundhir, and Ibn Abi Hatim. See also Ibn Kathir, 3:569. (2) Ibn Kathir, 3:569, mentions it. A qassar is one who works in qisarah (fulling): to qasara a garment is to whiten and beat it with a qasr, a piece of wood. (3) Ibn Kathir, 3:569, mentions it from Ibn Ishaq, based on reports that had reached him from Ibn Abbas, Kab al-Ahbar, and Wahb ibn Munabbih. Jarir means “ropes.”

بِمَعْنَى الْأَوَّلِ كَقَوْلِكَ: شَدَدْنَا وَشَدَّدْنَا بِالتَّخْفِيفِ وَالتَّثْقِيلِ، وَقِيلَ: أَيْ: فَغَلَبْنَا مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ: مَنْ عَزَّ بَزَّ. وَقَالَ كَعْبٌ: الرَّسُولَانِ: صَادِقٌ وَصَدُوقٌ، وَالثَّالِثُ شَلُومُ، وَإِنَّمَا أَضَافَ اللَّهُ الْإِرْسَالَ إِلَيْهِ لِأَنَّ عِيسَى ﵇ إِنَّمَا بَعَثَهُمْ بِأَمْرِهِ تَعَالَى، ﴿فَقَالُوا﴾ جَمِيعًا لِأَهْلِ أَنْطَاكِيَةَ، ﴿إِنَّا إِلَيْكُمْ مُرْسَلُونَ﴾ . ﴿قَالُوا مَا أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُنَا وَمَا أَنْزَلَ الرَّحْمَنُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا تَكْذِبُونَ (١٥) قَالُوا رَبُّنَا يَعْلَمُ إِنَّا إِلَيْكُمْ لَمُرْسَلُونَ (١٦) وَمَا عَلَيْنَا إِلَّا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ (١٧) قَالُوا إِنَّا تَطَيَّرْنَا بِكُمْ لَئِنْ لَمْ تَنْتَهُوا لَنَرْجُمَنَّكُمْ وَلَيَمَسَّنَّكُمْ مِنَّا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ (١٨) قَالُوا طَائِرُكُمْ مَعَكُمْ أَئِنْ ذُكِّرْتُمْ بَلْ أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ مُسْرِفُونَ (١٩) وَجَاءَ مِنْ أَقْصَى الْمَدِينَةِ رَجُلٌ يَسْعَى قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اتَّبِعُوا الْمُرْسَلِينَ (٢٠) ﴾ ﴿قَالُوا مَا أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُنَا وَمَا أَنْزَلَ الرَّحْمَنُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا تَكْذِبُونَ﴾ مَا أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا كَاذِبُونَ فِيمَا تَزْعُمُونَ. ﴿قَالُوا رَبُّنَا يَعْلَمُ إِنَّا إِلَيْكُمْ لَمُرْسَلُونَ﴾ ﴿وَمَا عَلَيْنَا إِلَّا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ﴾ ﴿قَالُوا إِنَّا تَطَيَّرْنَا بِكُمْ﴾ تَشَاءَمْنَا بِكُمْ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْمَطَرَ حُبِسَ عَنْهُمْ، فَقَالُوا: أَصَابَنَا هَذَا بِشُؤْمِكُمْ، ﴿لَئِنْ لَمْ تَنْتَهُوا لَنَرْجُمَنَّكُمْ﴾ لَنَقْتُلَنَّكُمْ، وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: بِالْحِجَارَةِ ﴿وَلَيَمَسَّنَّكُمْ مِنَّا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ﴾ . ﴿قَالُوا طَائِرُكُمْ مَعَكُمْ﴾ يَعْنِي: شُؤْمُكُمْ مَعَكُمْ بِكُفْرِكُمْ وَتَكْذِيبِكُمْ يَعْنِي: أَصَابَكُمِ الشُّؤْمُ مِنْ قِبَلِكُمْ. وَقَالَ ابن عباس ٩٢/أوَالضَّحَّاكُ: حَظُّكُمْ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَالشَّرِّ ﴿أَئِنْ ذُكِّرْتُمْ﴾ يَعْنِي: وُعِظْتُمْ بِاللَّهِ، وَهَذَا اسْتِفْهَامٌ مَحْذُوفُ الْجَوَابِ مَجَازُهُ: إِنْ ذُكِّرْتُمْ وَوُعِظْتُمْ بِاللَّهِ تَطَيَّرْتُمْ بِنَا. وَقَرَأَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ: "أَنْ" بِفَتْحِ الْهَمْزَةِ الْمَلِينَةِ "ذُكِرْتُمْ" بِالتَّخْفِيفِ ﴿بَلْ أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ مُسْرِفُونَ﴾ مُشْرِكُونَ مُجَاوِزُونَ الْحَدَّ. قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿وَجَاءَ مِنْ أَقْصَى الْمَدِينَةِ رَجُلٌ يَسْعَى﴾ وَهُوَ حَبِيبٌ النَّجَّارُ، (١) وَقَالَ الْسُّدِّيُّ: كَانَ قَصَّارًا (٢) وَقَالَ وَهْبٌ: كَانَ رَجُلًا يَعْمَلُ الْحَرِيرَ، (٣) وَكَانَ سَقِيمًا قَدْ أَسْرَعَ فِيهِ

(١) أخرجه الطبري: ٢٢ / ١٥٩ وعزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٥١ لعبد الرازق وعبد بن حميد وابن المنذر وابن أبي حاتم وانظر تفسير ابن كثير: ٣ / ٥٦٩. (٢) ذكره ابن كثير: ٣ / ٥٦٩ والقصار: الذي يعمل بالقصارة، يقال: قصر الثوب، قصارة، وقصره قصارة: بيضّه ودقَّه بالقصر وهي قطعة من الخشب. (٣) ذكره ابن كثير: ٣ / ٥٦٩ عن ابن إسحاق فيما بلغه عن ابن عباس، وكعب الأحبار، ووهب بن منبه وجرير: الحبال.