“It is He who has made you successors upon the earth. So whoever disbelieves, his disbelief is against himself. The disbelief of the disbelievers only increases them in their Lord’s abhorrence, and the disbelief of the disbelievers only increases them in loss.” (39)

“Indeed, Allah is the Knower of the unseen of the heavens and the earth. Surely He knows well all that is within the breasts.”

“It is He who has made you successors upon the earth”: that is, some of you succeed others. It was also said: He made you a community that succeeded those before it, and you have seen among those before you that from which you ought to take heed.

“So whoever disbelieves, his disbelief is against himself”: that is, he bears the evil consequence of his disbelief.