Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/424)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Those who profess lā ilāha illā Allāh (there is no god worthy of worship but Allah) will experience no loneliness in their graves or at their resurrection. It is as though I can see those who profess lā ilāha illā Allāh shaking the dust from their heads and saying, ‘Praise be to Allah, who has removed from us all grief.’” (1)

His saying, exalted is He: “Indeed, our Lord is Most Forgiving, Most Appreciative.

“He who has settled us, out of His bounty, in the Home of Everlasting Residence, where neither weariness nor fatigue will touch us.” (35) “As for those who disbelieve, theirs will be the Fire of Hell. Death will not be decreed for them so that they may die, nor will its punishment be lightened for them. Thus do We recompense every ungrateful disbeliever. (36) And there they will cry out: ‘Our Lord, bring us out! We will do righteous deeds, unlike what we used to do.’ ‘Did We not grant you a life long enough for whoever would take heed to do so? And the warner came to you. So taste the punishment, for the wrongdoers will have no helper.’” (37)

“He who has settled us” means: He has caused us to dwell. “The Home of Everlasting Residence” means: the abode of permanent dwelling. “Where neither weariness will touch us” means: no hardship or difficulty will afflict us there; “nor will fatigue touch us there” means: exhaustion resulting from weariness.

His saying, exalted is He: “As for those who disbelieve, theirs will be the Fire of Hell. Death will not be decreed for them so that they may die”—that is, they will not perish and thus find rest, as in His saying: “Then Moses struck him with his fist and killed him” (al-Qasas 28:15), meaning: he killed him. It was also said: death will not be decreed for them, so that they may die, as in His saying: “They will call, ‘O Malik, let your Lord put an end to us!’” (al-Zukhruf 43:77), meaning: let Him decree death for us so that we may find rest. “Nor will its punishment be lightened for them” means: the punishment of the Fire. “Thus do We recompense every ungrateful disbeliever,” that is, every disbeliever.

Abu ‘Amr recited it as “every ungrateful disbeliever is recompensed,” with the initial letter rendered passive and the word “every” in the nominative, since the agent is left unnamed. The others recited it as “Thus We recompense every ungrateful disbeliever,” with the initial letter in the first-person plural and “every” in the accusative.

“And there they will cry out” means: they will plead for help and scream therein. The verb is formed from ṣurākh, meaning screaming. They will say: “Our Lord, bring us out”—out of the Fire—“and we will do righteous deeds, unlike what we used to do” in the world, of associating partners with Allah and committing evil deeds. Then Allah will say to them, by way of rebuke:

(1) Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar states in al-Kafi al-Shaf, p. 139: “It was reported by Abu Ya'la, Ibn Abi Hatim, al-Bayhaqi at the beginning of Shu'ab al-Iman, and al-Tabarani in al-Awsat, on the authority of Ibn Umar. Its chain contains Abd al-Rahman ibn Zayd ibn Aslam, who is weak. It also has another route reported by al-Tabarani and al-Nasa'i in al-Kuna, on the authority of Ibn Umar, and another reported by al-Bayhaqi in Shu'ab al-Iman. There are also reports on this subject from Ibn Abbas, recorded by Tammam in his Fawa'id and by al-Khatib in the biography of Muhammad ibn Sa'id al-Ta'ifi, and from Anas, recorded by Ibn Mardawayh.” See also Ibn Kathir, 3:558.

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "لَيْسَ عَلَى أَهْلِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْشَةٌ فِي قُبُورِهِمْ وَلَا فِي مَنْشَرِهِمْ، وَكَأَنِّي بِأَهْلِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ يَنْفُضُونَ التُّرَابَ عَنْ رُؤُوسِهِمْ، وَيَقُولُونَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَذْهَبَ عَنَّا الْحَزَنَ". (١) قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿إِنَّ رَبَّنَا لَغَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ﴾ ﴿الَّذِي أَحَلَّنَا دَارَ الْمُقَامَةِ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ لَا يَمَسُّنَا فِيهَا نَصَبٌ وَلَا يَمَسُّنَا فِيهَا لُغُوبٌ (٣٥) وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَهُمْ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ لَا يُقْضَى عَلَيْهِمْ فَيَمُوتُوا وَلَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمْ مِنْ عَذَابِهَا كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِي كُلَّ كَفُورٍ (٣٦) وَهُمْ يَصْطَرِخُونَ فِيهَا رَبَّنَا أَخْرِجْنَا نَعْمَلْ صَالِحًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي كُنَّا نَعْمَلُ أَوَلَمْ نُعَمِّرْكُمْ مَا يَتَذَكَّرُ فِيهِ مَنْ تَذَكَّرَ وَجَاءَكُمُ النَّذِيرُ فَذُوقُوا فَمَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ نَصِيرٍ (٣٧) ﴾ ﴿الَّذِي أَحَلَّنَا﴾ أَنْزَلَنَا، ﴿دَارَ الْمُقَامَةِ﴾ أَيِ: الْإِقَامَةِ، ﴿مِنْ فَضْلِهِ لَا يَمَسُّنَا فِيهَا نَصَبٌ﴾ أَيْ: لَا يُصِيبُنَا فِيهَا عَنَاءٌ وَمَشَقَّةٌ، ﴿وَلَا يَمَسُّنَا فِيهَا لُغُوبٌ﴾ إِعْيَاءٌ مِنَ التَّعَبِ. قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَهُمْ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ لَا يُقْضَى عَلَيْهِمْ فَيَمُوتُوا﴾ أَيْ: لَا يُهْلَكُونَ فَيَسْتَرِيحُوا كَقَوْلِهِ ﷿: "فَوَكَزَهُ مُوسَى فَقَضَى عَلَيْهِ" (الشُّعَرَاءِ-١٥) ، أَيْ: قَتَلَهُ. وَقِيلَ: لَا يُقْضَى عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَوْتُ فَيَمُوتُوا، كَقَوْلِهِ: "وَنَادَوْا يَا مَالِكُ لِيَقْضِ عَلَيْنَا رَبُّكَ" (الزُّخْرُفِ-٧٧) ، أَيْ: لَيَقْضِ عَلَيْنَا الْمَوْتَ فَنَسْتَرِيحَ، ﴿وَلَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمْ مِنْ عَذَابِهَا﴾ مِنْ عَذَابِ النَّارِ، ﴿كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِي كُلَّ كَفُورٍ﴾ كَافِرٍ، قَرَأَ أَبُو عَمْرٍو: "يُجْزَى" بِالْيَاءِ وَضَمِّهَا وَفَتْحِ الزَّايِ، "كُلُّ" رُفِعَ عَلَى غَيْرِ تَسْمِيَةِ الْفَاعِلِ، وَقَرَأَ الْآخَرُونَ بِالنُّونِ وَفَتْحِهَا وَكَسْرِ الزَّايِ، "كُلَّ" نُصِبَ. ﴿وَهُمْ يَصْطَرِخُونَ﴾ يَسْتَغِيثُونَ وَيَصِيحُونَ، ﴿فِيهَا﴾ وَهُوَ: يَفْتَعِلُونَ، مِنَ الصُّرَاخِ، وَهُوَ الصِّيَاحُ، يَقُولُونَ: ﴿رَبَّنَا أَخْرِجْنَا﴾ مِنْهَا مِنَ النَّارِ، ﴿نَعْمَلْ صَالِحًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي كُنَّا نَعْمَلُ﴾ فِي الدُّنْيَا مِنَ الشَّرَكِ وَالسَّيِّئَاتِ، فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ تَوْبِيخًا:

(١) قال الحافظ ابن حجر في الكافي الشاف ص (١٣٩) "رواه أبو يعلى وابن أبي حاتم والبيهقي في أول الشعب والطبراني في الأوسط من حديث ابن عمر. وفيه عبد الرحمن بن زيد بن أسلم وهو ضعيف وله طريق أخرى عند الطبراني والنسائي في الكنى عن ابن عمر، وأخرى عند البيهقي في الشعب، وفي الباب عن ابن عباس أخرجه تمام في فوائده والخطيب في ترجمة محمد بن سعيد الطائفي وعن أنس عند ابن مردويه. وانظر: ابن كثير: ٣ / ٥٥٨.