Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/412)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“If they deny you, then messengers before you were also denied. And to Allah all matters are returned.” (4)

“O people, Allah’s promise is true. So do not let the life of this world deceive you, nor let the Deceiver deceive you concerning Allah.” (5)

“Whatever mercy Allah opens for people”—it was said: rain and provision—“none can withhold; and whatever He withholds, none can release after Him. And He is the Almighty in what He withholds, the All-Wise in what He sends forth.” (1)

Imam Abu al-Hasan Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Dawudi informed us; Abu al-Hasan Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Musa ibn al-Salt informed us; Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Samad al-Hashimi informed us; Ubayd Allah ibn Asbat informed us; my father informed us; Abd al-Malik ibn Umayr informed us, from Warrad, from al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would say after every prescribed prayer: “There is no god but Allah alone, without partner. To Him belong all dominion and all praise, and He is capable of all things. O Allah, none can withhold what You give, none can give what You withhold, and no one’s fortune can avail him against You.” (2)

“O people, remember Allah’s blessing upon you. Is there any creator other than Allah”—Hamzah and al-Kisa'i recited ghayri (“other than”) with the final raa’ in the genitive, while the others recited it in the nominative, on the sense of: “Is there any creator other than Allah?” For min is supplementary. This is a rhetorical question intended as an affirmation, as though He were saying: “There is no creator other than Allah”—“who provides for you from heaven and earth,” meaning rain from heaven and vegetation from the earth. “There is no god but Him. How then are you turned away?”

“And if they deny you, then messengers before you were also denied”: He consoles His Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. “And to Allah all matters are returned.” “O people, Allah’s promise is true,” meaning the promise of the Day of Resurrection. “So do not let the life of this world deceive you, nor let the Deceiver deceive you concerning Allah”: the Deceiver is Satan.

(1) The text in parentheses is an addition from manuscript “B.” (2) Reported by al-Bukhari in al-Adhan, chapter: Remembrance after the prayer, 2/325; by Muslim in al-Masajid, chapter: The recommendation of remembrance after the prayer, no. 593, 1/415; and by the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 3/225.

﴿وَإِنْ يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كُذِّبَتْ رُسُلٌ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَإِلَى اللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ الْأُمُورُ (٤) يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ فَلَا تَغُرَّنَّكُمُ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا وَلَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ بِاللَّهِ الْغَرُورُ (٥) ﴾ ﴿مَا يَفْتَحِ اللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ رَحْمَةٍ﴾ [قِيلَ: مِنْ مَطَرٍ وَرِزْقٍ] ، (١) ﴿فَلَا مُمْسِكَ لَهَا﴾ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَحَدٌ عَلَى حَبْسِهَا، ﴿وَمَا يُمْسِكْ فَلَا مُرْسِلَ لَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ﴾ فِيمَا أَمْسَكَ ﴿الْحَكِيمُ﴾ فِيمَا أَرْسَلَ. أَخْبَرَنَا الْإِمَامُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدَّاوُدِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ الصَّلْتِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ الْهَاشِمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَسْبَاطٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبِي، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ وَرَّادٍ، عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ: "لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، اللَّهُمَّ لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ وَلَا مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ وَلَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدِّ مِنْكَ الْجَدُّ". (٢) ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اذْكُرُوا نِعْمَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ هَلْ مِنْ خَالِقٍ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ﴾ قَرَأَ حَمْزَةُ وَالْكِسَائِيُّ "غَيْرِ" بِجَرِّ الرَّاءِ، وَقَرَأَ الْآخَرُونَ بِرَفْعِهَا عَلَى مَعْنَى هَلْ خَالِقٌ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ، لِأَنَّ "مِنْ" زِيَادَةٌ، وَهَذَا اسْتِفْهَامٌ عَلَى طَرِيقِ التَّقْرِيرِ كَأَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا خَالِقَ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ، ﴿يَرْزُقُكُمْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ﴾ أَيْ: مِنَ السَّمَاءِ الْمَطَرَ وَمِنَ الْأَرْضِ النَّبَاتَ، ﴿لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ فَأَنَّى تُؤْفَكُونَ﴾ ﴿وَإِنْ يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كُذِّبَتْ رُسُلٌ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ﴾ يُعَزِّي نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ، ﴿وَإِلَى اللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ الْأُمُورُ﴾ ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ﴾ يَعْنِي وَعْدَ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، ﴿فَلَا تَغُرَّنَّكُمُ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا وَلَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ بِاللَّهِ الْغَرُورُ﴾ وَهُوَ الشَّيْطَانُ.

(١) ما بين القوسين زيادة من "ب". (٢) أخرجه البخاري في الأذان، باب: الذكر بعد الصلاة: ٢ / ٣٢٥، ومسلم في المساجد، باب: استحباب الذكر بعد الصلاة برقم: (٥٩٣) ١ / ٤١٥، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٣ / ٢٢٥.