Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Surah Saba: Meccan (1)

In the Name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate.

“Praise be to Allah, to Whom belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth; and to Him belongs all praise in the Hereafter. He is the All-Wise, the All-Aware. (1) He knows what enters the earth and what comes forth from it, what descends from the heaven and what ascends to it. And He is the Most Merciful, the Most Forgiving. (2)”

“Praise be to Allah, to Whom belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth,” as possessions and created beings. “And to Him belongs all praise in the Hereafter,” just as it belongs to Him in this world, for all blessings in both abodes are from Him.

It is also said that praise be to Allah in the Hereafter refers to the praise of the people of Paradise, as Allah, exalted is He, says: “They will say, ‘Praise be to Allah, Who has removed all sorrow from us’” (Fatir, 34), and, “Praise be to Allah, Who has fulfilled His promise to us” (al-Zumar, 74). “And He is the All-Wise, the All-Aware. He knows what enters the earth”—that is, what goes into it of water and the dead—“and what comes forth from it”: vegetation and the dead when they are resurrected; “and what descends from the heaven”: rain; “and what ascends”: rises; “to it”: of the angels and the deeds of His servants. “And He is the Most Merciful, the Most Forgiving.”

(1) Ibn al-Durays, al-Nahhas, Ibn Mardawayh, and al-Bayhaqi, in al-Dala'il, narrated from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: “Surah Saba was revealed in Mecca.” Ibn al-Mundhir also narrated from Qatada, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: “Surah Saba is Makki.” See al-Durr al-Manthur, 6:673.
سُورَةُ سَبَأٍ مَكِّيَّةٌ (١) بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ ﴿الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَهُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْخَبِيرُ (١) يَعْلَمُ مَا يَلِجُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا وَمَا يَنْزِلُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَمَا يَعْرُجُ فِيهَا وَهُوَ الرَّحِيمُ الْغَفُورُ (٢) ﴾ ﴿الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ﴾ مِلْكًا وَخَلْقًا، ﴿وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ﴾ كَمَا هُوَ لَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا، لِأَنَّ النِّعَمَ فِي الدَّارَيْنِ كُلَّهَا مِنْهُ. وَقِيلَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ هُوَ حَمْدُ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: "وَقَالُوا الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَذْهَبَ عَنَّا الْحَزَنَ" (فَاطِرِ-٣٤) ، وَ"الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي صَدَقَنَا وَعْدَهُ" (الزَّمَرِ-٧٤) . ﴿وَهُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْخَبِيرُ﴾ ﴿يَعْلَمُ مَا يَلِجُ فِي الْأَرْضِ﴾ أَيْ: يَدْخُلُ فِيهَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ وَالْأَمْوَاتِ، ﴿وَمَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا﴾ مِنَ النَّبَاتِ وَالْأَمْوَاتِ إِذَا حُشِرُوا، ﴿وَمَا يَنْزِلُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ﴾ مِنَ الْأَمْطَارِ، ﴿وَمَا يَعْرُجُ﴾ يَصْعَدُ، ﴿فِيهَا﴾ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَأَعْمَالِ الْعِبَادِ، ﴿وَهُوَ الرَّحِيمُ الْغَفُورُ﴾
(١) أخرج ابن الضريس والنحاس وابن مردويه والبيهقي في الدلائل عن ابن عباس ﵁ قال: نزلت سورة سبأ بمكة. وأخرج ابن المنذر عن قتادة ﵁ قال: سورة سبأ مكية. وانظر: الدر المنثور: ٦ / ٦٧٣.

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