Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/359)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Ibn Abbas said: This means that, had Allah not sealed the line of prophets through him, He would have given him a son who would be a prophet after him. (1)

It is narrated from Ata, from Ibn Abbas, that when Allah, exalted is He, decreed that there would be no prophet after him, He did not grant him a male child who would grow into manhood. “And Allah has full knowledge of all things.”

Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Yusuf al-Juwayni informed us; Abu Muhammad Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Muhammad al-Khudhāshāhī informed us; Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Muslim informed us; Abkar al-Jūrābadhī related to us; Yunus ibn Abd al-Ala informed us; Ibn Wahb informed us; Yunus informed me, from Yazid, from Ibn Shihab, from Abu Salamah, who said: Abu Hurayrah used to say: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said:

“My likeness and that of the prophets is that of a palace whose construction has been made excellent, except that the place of one brick was left unfilled. People went around it, marvelling at the beauty of its construction, finding fault with nothing except the place of that brick. I filled the place of that brick: through me the building was completed, and through me the messengers were sealed.” (2)

Abdullah ibn Abd al-Samad al-Jawzajani informed us; Ali ibn Ahmad al-Khuza'i informed us; al-Haytham ibn Kulayb al-Shashi informed us; Abu Isa al-Tirmidhi informed us; Sa'id ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Makhzumi and more than one other said: Sufyan informed us, from al-Zuhri, from Muhammad ibn Jubayr ibn Mut'im, from his father, who said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said:

“I have several names: I am Muhammad; I am Ahmad; I am al-Mahi, through whom Allah effaces disbelief; I am al-Hashir, at whose feet the people will be gathered; and I am al-Aqib—the one after whom there is no prophet.” (3)

“O you who believe, remember Allah with much remembrance (41).”

His saying, exalted is He: “O you who believe, remember Allah with much remembrance.” Ibn Abbas said: Allah, exalted is He, did not prescribe any religious obligation (4) without assigning it a known limit; then He excused those subject to it when they had an excuse—except for remembrance of Allah. For He did not set any limit at which it ends, nor did He excuse anyone from abandoning it, except one whose reason has been overcome. (5) And He commanded them to remember Him in

(1) See Zad al-Masir, 6/393. (2) The author records it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 13/201. Al-Bukhari records, 6/558, from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah said: “My likeness and that of the prophets before me is that of a man who built a house, perfected and beautified it, except for the place of one brick in a corner. People began walking around it, admiring it, and saying, ‘Why was this brick not placed?’ He said: ‘I am that brick, and I am the Seal of the Prophets.’” Muslim records, 4/1719, from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah said: “My likeness and that of the prophets before me is that of a man who built a building, perfected and beautified it, except for the place of one brick in one of its corners. People began walking around it, admiring it, and saying, ‘Why was this brick not placed?’ He said: ‘I am that brick, and I am the Seal of the Prophets.’” (3) Al-Tirmidhi records it in the Book of Etiquette, chapter: “What Has Been Reported Regarding the Names of the Prophet,” 8/128-130, and said: “This hadith is hasan sahih.” It is also recorded by al-Bukhari in the Book of Virtues, chapter: “What Has Been Reported Regarding the Names of the Messenger of Allah,” 6/554, and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 13/211. (4) Omitted from manuscript “A.” (5) Recorded by al-Tabari, 22/17, and Ibn Kathir, 3/496.

قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: يُرِيدُ لَوْ لَمْ أَخْتِمْ بِهِ النَّبِيِّينَ لَجَعَلْتُ لَهُ ابْنًا يَكُونُ بَعْدَهُ نَبِيًّا (١) . وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَمَّا حَكَمَ أَنْ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدَهُ لَمْ يُعْطِهِ وَلَدًا ذَكَرًا يَصِيرُ رَجُلًا ﴿وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمًا﴾ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْجُوَيْنِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْخُذَاشَاهِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبْكَرُ الْجُورَبَذِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ عَنْ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "مَثَلِي وَمَثَلُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ كَمَثَلِ قَصْرٍ أُحْسِنَ بُنْيَانُهُ، تُرِكَ مِنْهُ مَوْضِعُ لَبِنَةٍ فَطَافَ بِهِ النُّظَّارُ يَتَعَجَّبُونَ مِنْ حُسْنِ بُنْيَانِهِ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ تِلْكَ اللَّبِنَةِ لَا يَعِيبُونَ سِوَاهَا فَكُنْتُ أَنَا سَدَدْتُ مَوْضِعَ تِلْكَ اللَّبِنَةِ، خُتِمَ بِيَ الْبُنْيَانُ وَخُتِمَ بِيَ الرُّسُلُ" (٢) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ الْجَوْزَجَانِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْخُزَاعِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ كُلَيْبٍ الشَّاشِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عِيسَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ قَالُوا، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "إِنَّ لِي أَسْمَاءً أَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ، وَأَنَا أَحْمَدُ، وَأَنَا الْمَاحِي، يَمْحُو اللَّهُ بِيَ الْكُفْرَ، وَأَنَا الْحَاشِرُ الَّذِي يُحْشَرُ النَّاسُ عَلَى قَدَمِي، وَأَنَا الْعَاقِبُ، وَالْعَاقِبُ الَّذِي لَيْسَ بَعْدَهُ نَبِيٌّ" (٣) . ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ ذِكْرًا كَثِيرًا (٤١) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ ذِكْرًا كَثِيرًا﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: لَمْ يَفْرِضِ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَرِيضَةً (٤) إِلَّا جَعَلَ لَهَا حَدًّا مَعْلُومًا، ثُمَّ عَذَرَ أَهْلَهَا فِي حال العذر غير الذِّكْرُ، فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ حَدًّا يُنْتَهَى إِلَيْهِ، وَلَمْ يَعْذُرْ أَحَدًا فِي تَرْكِهِ إِلَّا مَغْلُوبًا عَلَى عَقْلِهِ (٥) وَأَمَرَهُمْ بِهِ فِي

(١) انظر: زاد المسير: ٦ / ٣٩٣. (٢) أخرجه المصنف في شرح السنة: ١٣ / ٢٠١، وأخرج البخاري: ٦ / ٥٥٨ عن أبي هريرة ﵁ أن رسول الله ﷺ قال: "إن مثلي ومثل الأنبياء من قبلي كمثل رجل بنى بيتا فأحسنه وأجمله، إلا موضع لبنة من زاوية، فجعل الناس يطوفون به ويعجبون له ويقولون: هلا وضعت هذه اللبنة؟ قال: فأنا اللبنة، وأنا خاتم النبيين" ومسلم ٤ / ١٧١٩ عن أبي هريرة ﵁ أن رسول الله ﷺ قال: "مثلي ومثل الأنبياء من قبلي كمثل رجل بنى بنيانا فأحسنه وأجمله، إلا موضع لبنة من زاوية من زوايا، فجعل الناس يطوفون به ويعجبون له ويقولون: هلا وضعت هذه اللبنةٌ ٌٌٌ! قال: فأنا اللبنة. وأنا خاتم النبيين". (٣) أخرجه الترمذي في الأدب، باب: ما جاء في أسماء النبي ﷺ: ٨ / ١٢٨-١٣٠، وقال: "هذا حديث حسن صحيح" وأخرجه البخاري في المناقب، باب: ما جاء في أسماء رسول الله ﷺ: ٦ / ٥٥٤، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٣ / ٢١١. (٤) ساقط من "أ". (٥) أخرجه الطبري: ٢٢ / ١٧، وابن كثير: ٣ / ٤٩٦.