Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/320)

“And [remember] when We took from the prophets their covenant, and from you, and from Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus son of Mary. And We took from them a solemn covenant.” (7)

His saying: “And [remember] when We took from the prophets their covenant” means: that they would faithfully discharge what they had been entrusted with, that they would affirm one another, and that each would give glad tidings of the other. Muqatil said: He took their covenant that they should worship Allah, call others to the worship of Allah, affirm one another, and sincerely counsel their peoples.

“And from you, and from Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus son of Mary”: He singled out these five prophets for mention from among all the prophets because they were the recipients of the Books and sacred laws, and were the messengers of firm resolve. He mentioned the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, first because:

﴿وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِيثَاقَهُمْ وَمِنْكَ وَمِنْ نُوحٍ وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَى وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَأَخَذْنَا مِنْهُمْ مِيثَاقًا غَلِيظًا (٧) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِيثَاقَهُمْ﴾ عَلَى الْوَفَاءِ بِمَا حَمَلُوا وَأَنْ يُصَدِّقَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا وَيُبَشِّرَ بَعْضُهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ. قَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَهَمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَيَدْعُوا إِلَى عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ وَيُصَدِّقَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا وَيَنْصَحُوا لِقَوْمِهِمْ، ﴿وَمِنْكَ وَمِنْ نُوحٍ وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَى وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ﴾ خَصَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْخَمْسَةَ بِالذِّكْرِ مِنْ بَيْنِ النَّبِيِّينَ لِأَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْكُتُبِ وَالشَّرَائِعِ وَأُولُوا الْعَزْمِ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ، وَقَدَّمَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِالذِّكْرِ لِمَا: