Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/309)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

on his head. I also saw Malik, the keeper of the Fire, and the Dajjal, among the signs that Allah showed him. So do not be in doubt about meeting him.” (1)

Abu Salih Ahmad ibn Abd al-Malik al-Mu'adhdhin informed us; Abd Allah al-Mahamili informed us; Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Ibrahim al-Bazzaz informed us; Muhammad ibn Yunus informed us; Umar ibn Habib al-Qadi informed us; Sulayman al-Taymi informed us, from Anas, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “When I was taken up to heaven, I saw Moses praying in his grave.” (2)

It has also been narrated to us concerning the Ascension that he saw him in the sixth heaven and that he spoke with him again regarding the command of prayer. (3)

Al-Suddi said concerning His saying, “So do not be in doubt about meeting him”: that is, concerning Moses’ receiving the Book of Allah with approval and acceptance.

“And We made it”—that is, the Book, namely the Torah—a guidance for the Children of Israel. Qatadah said: It refers to Moses.

“And We appointed from among them leaders guiding by Our command, when they were steadfast and had sure faith in Our signs. Surely your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that over which they used to differ. Has it not become clear to them how many generations We destroyed before them, through whose dwellings they now walk? Surely in that are signs. Will they not then listen? Do they not see that We drive water to barren land, then bring forth crops by it from which their livestock and they themselves eat? Will they not then see?” (24–27)

“And We appointed from among them”—that is, from the Children of Israel—“leaders”: guides in goodness whose example was followed, meaning the prophets who were among them. Qatadah said: They were the followers of the prophets. “Guiding” means calling others. “By Our command, when they were steadfast”: Hamzah and al-Kisa'i recited it with the lam vowelled with kasrah and the mim without emphasis, meaning: because of their patience. The rest recited it with the lam vowelled with fathah and the mim emphasized, meaning: when they patiently adhered to their religion and endured the affliction inflicted upon them by their enemy in Egypt. “And they had sure faith in Our signs.” “Surely your Lord will judge” means: He will decide “between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that over which they used to differ.”

“Has it not become clear to them”: that is, has it not become evident to them how many generations We destroyed before them, through whose dwellings they now walk? Surely in that are signs. Will they not listen to Allah’s signs and admonitions, and thereby take heed?

“Do they not see that We drive water to barren land”—that is, hard, dry land in which no vegetation grows? Ibn Abbas said: It is a land in Yemen. Mujahid said: It is the land of Babin. “Then We bring forth crops by it from which their livestock eat.”

(1) Reported by al-Bukhari in Bad' al-Khalq (The Beginning of Creation), chapter: “When one of you says Amin,” 6:314; and by Muslim in al-Iman (Faith), chapter: “The Isra of the Messenger of Allah,” no. 165, 1:151. (2) Reported by Muslim in al-Fada'il (Virtues), chapter: “Among the Virtues of Moses,” no. 2375, 4:1845; and by the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 13:351. (3) See the discussion above at the beginning of Surat al-Isra.

الرَّأْسِ، وَرَأَيْتُ مَالِكًا خَازِنَ النَّارِ، وَالدَّجَّالَ فِي آيَاتٍ أَرَاهُنَّ اللَّهُ إِيَّاهُ فَلَا تَكُنْ فِي مِرْيَةٍ مِنْ لِقَائِهِ" (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو صَالِحٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْمُؤَذِّنُ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْمَحَامِلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْبَزَّازُ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، أَخْبَرَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ الْقَاضِي، أَخْبَرَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ التَّيْمِيُّ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِي إِلَى السَّمَاءِ رَأَيْتُ مُوسَى يُصَلِّي فِي قَبْرِهِ" (٢) . وَرُوِّينَا فِي الْمِعْرَاجِ أَنَّهُ رَآهُ فِي السَّمَاءِ السَّادِسَةِ وَمُرَاجَعَتِهِ فِي أَمْرِ الصَّلَاةِ (٣) . قَالَ السُّدِّيُ: "فَلَا تَكُنْ فِي مِرْيَةٍ مِنْ لِقَائِهِ"، أَيْ: مِنْ تَلَقِّي مُوسَى كِتَابَ اللَّهِ بِالرِّضَا وَالْقَبُولِ. ﴿وَجَعَلْنَاهُ﴾ يَعْنِي: الْكِتَابَ وَهُوَ التَّوْرَاةُ، وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: مُوسَى، ﴿هُدًى لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ﴾ ﴿وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا لَمَّا صَبَرُوا وَكَانُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يُوقِنُونَ (٢٤) إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ (٢٥) أَوَلَمْ يَهْدِ لَهُمْ كَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ مِنَ الْقُرُونِ يَمْشُونَ فِي مَسَاكِنِهِمْ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ أَفَلَا يَسْمَعُونَ (٢٦) أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا نَسُوقُ الْمَاءَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الْجُرُزِ فَنُخْرِجُ بِهِ زَرْعًا تَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ أَنْعَامُهُمْ وَأَنْفُسُهُمْ أَفَلَا يُبْصِرُونَ (٢٧) ﴾ ﴿وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ﴾ يَعْنِي: مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، ﴿أَئِمَّةً﴾ قَادَةً فِي الْخَيْرِ يُقْتَدَى بِهِمْ، يَعْنِي: الْأَنْبِيَاءَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا فِيهِمْ. وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: أَتْبَاعُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ، ﴿يَهْدُونَ﴾ يَدْعُونَ، ﴿بِأَمْرِنَا لَمَّا صَبَرُوا﴾ قَرَأَ حَمْزَةُ وَالْكِسَائِيُّ، بِكَسْرِ اللَّامِ وَتَخْفِيفِ الْمِيمِ، أَيْ: لِصَبْرِهِمْ، وَقَرَأَ الْبَاقُونَ بِفَتْحِ اللَّامِ وَتَشْدِيدِ الْمِيمِ، أَيْ: حِينَ صَبَرُوا عَلَى دِينِهِمْ وَعَلَى الْبَلَاءِ مِنْ عَدُّوهُمْ بِمِصْرَ، ﴿وَكَانُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يُوقِنُونَ﴾ ﴿إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ يَفْصِلُ﴾ يَقْضِي، ﴿بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ﴾ ﴿أَوَلَمْ يَهْدِ﴾ لَمْ يَتَبَيَّنْ، ﴿لَهُمْ كَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ مِنَ الْقُرُونِ يَمْشُونَ فِي مَسَاكِنِهِمْ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ أَفَلَا يَسْمَعُونَ﴾ آيات الله وعظائه فَيَتَّعِظُونَ بِهَا. ﴿أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا نَسُوقُ الْمَاءَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الْجُرُزِ﴾ أَيْ: الْيَابِسَةِ الْغَلِيظَةِ الَّتِي لَا نَبَاتَ فِيهَا، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: هِيَ أَرْضٌ بِالْيَمَنِ. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: هِيَ أَرْضُ بَابِينِ، ﴿فَنُخْرِجُ بِهِ زَرْعًا تَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ أَنْعَامُهُمْ﴾

(١) أخرجه البخاري في بدء الخلق، باب: إذا قال أحدكم آمين: ٦ / ٣١٤، ومسلم في الإيمان، باب: الإسراء برسول الله ﷺ برقم: (١٦٥) ١ / ١٥١. (٢) أخرجه مسلم في الفضائل، باب: من فضائل موسى ﵇ برقم: (٢٣٧٥) ٤ / ١٨٤٥، والمصنف في شرح السنة ١٣ / ٣٥١. (٣) انظر: فيما تقدم أول سورة الإسراء.