Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/306)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Abu Uthman al-Dabbi informed us; Abu Muhammad al-Jurahi informed us; Abu al-Abbas al-Mahbubi informed us; Abu Isa al-Tirmidhi informed us; Qutaybah ibn Sa'id informed us; Abu Awanah informed us, from Abu Bishr, from Humayd ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Himyari, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The best fasting after the month of Ramadan is Allah’s month of Muharram, and the best prayer after the obligatory prayer is the night prayer.” (1)

Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Salihi informed us; Abu al-Husayn ibn Bishran informed us; Isma'il ibn Muhammad al-Saffar informed us; Ahmad ibn Mansur al-Ramadi informed us; Abd al-Razzaq informed us; Ma'mar informed us, from Yahya ibn Abi Kathir, from Ibn Mu'aniq, from Abu Malik al-Ash'ari, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Indeed, in Paradise there are chambers whose exterior can be seen from within, and whose interior can be seen from without. Allah has prepared them for those who speak gently, feed others, maintain regular fasting, and pray at night while people are asleep.” (2)

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Nu'aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma'il informed us; Asbagh informed us; Abd Allah ibn Wahb informed me; Yunus informed me, from Ibn Shihab; al-Haytham ibn Abi Sinan informed us that he heard Abu Hurayrah, during one of his public narrations, mentioning that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, would say: “One of your brethren does not utter indecent speech”—meaning Abd Allah ibn Rawahah. He said:

“Among us is the Messenger of Allah, reciting His Book ...
When the radiant dawn breaks forth clearly.

He showed us guidance after blindness, and our hearts
Are certain that what he says will come to pass.

He spends the night keeping his side from his bed,
While the disbelievers lie heavily in theirs.” (3)

Allah, exalted is He, says: “They call upon their Lord in fear and hope.” Ibn Abbas said: “In fear of the Fire and in hope of Paradise.” “And they spend from what We have provided for them.” It is said that this refers to the obligatory charity; and it is also said that it is general, encompassing both obligatory and voluntary spending.

“No soul knows what comfort for the eyes has been hidden for them as a reward for what they used to do (17).”

“No soul knows what has been hidden for them.” Hamzah and Ya'qub recited it as “I conceal for them,” with the final ya unvocalized—that is, “I conceal for them.” Supporting this reading is the recitation of Ibn Mas'ud: “We conceal.” The others recited it with a fathah on the final ya. “Comfort for the eyes” means that by which their eyes will be delighted, “as a reward for what they used to do.”

(1) Reported by al-Tirmidhi in Kitab al-Salah, chapter: What Has Been Reported Regarding the Merit of Night Prayer, 2:516; he said: “The hadith of Abu Hurayrah is hasan (sound).” It was also reported by Muslim in Kitab al-Siyam, chapter: The Merit of Fasting in Muharram, no. 1163, 2:821; and by the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:35. (2) Reported by Abd al-Razzaq in al-Musannaf, Kitab al-Jami of Imam Mamar, 11:418-419; and through his chain by Imam Ahmad, 5:343. Ibn Hibban authenticated it, no. 641, p. 168; it was also reported by al-Tabarani in al-Kabir, 3:342. Al-Haythami said in al-Majma, 2:254: “Its narrators are trustworthy.” It was also reported by the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:40-41. It has a supporting narration in al-Hakim, 1:321, from the hadith of Abdullah ibn Amr, which he authenticated, and al-Dhahabi agreed with him. (3) Reported by al-Bukhari in Kitab al-Tahajjud, chapter: The Merit of One Who Awakens at Night and Prays, 3:39.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عُثْمَانَ الضَّبِّيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْجِرَاحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْمَحْبُوبِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عِيسَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَفْضَلُ الصِّيَامِ بَعْدَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ شَهْرُ اللَّهِ الْمُحَرَّمُ، وَأَفْضَلُ الصَّلَاةِ بَعْدَ الْفَرِيضَةِ صَلَاةُ اللَّيْلِ" (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَارُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الرَّمَادِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ ابْنِ مُعَانِقٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ غُرَفًا يُرَى ظَاهِرُهَا مِنْ بَاطِنِهَا، وَبَاطِنُهَا مِنْ ظَاهِرِهَا، أَعَدَّهَا اللَّهُ لِمَنْ أَلَانَ الْكَلَامَ، وَأَطْعَمَ الطَّعَامَ، وَتَابَعَ الصِّيَامَ، وَصَلَّى بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّاسُ نِيَامٌ" (٢) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَصْبَغُ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ أَبِي سِنَانٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ فِي قَصَصِهِ يَذْكُرُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: "إِنَّ أَخًا لَكُمْ لَا يَقُولُ الرَّفَثَ" يَعْنِي بِذَلِكَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ، قَالَ: وَفِينَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَتْلُو كِتَابَهُ ... إِذَا انْشَقَّ مَعْرُوفٌ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ سَاطِعُ أَرَانَا الْهُدَى بَعْدَ الْعَمَى فَقُلُوبُنَا ... بِهِ مُوقِنَاتٌ أَنَّ مَا قَالَ وَاقِعُ يَبِيتُ يُجَافِي جَنْبَهُ عَنْ فِرَاشِهِ ... إِذَا اسْتَثْقَلَتْ بِالْكَافِرِينَ الْمَضَاجِعُ (٣) قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ خَوْفًا وَطَمَعًا﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: خَوْفًا مِنَ النَّارِ وَطَمَعًا فِي الْجَنَّةِ، ﴿وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ﴾ قِيلَ: أَرَادَ بِهِ الصَّدَقَةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ. وَقِيلَ: عَامٌّ فِي الْوَاجِبِ وَالتَّطَوُّعِ. ﴿فَلَا تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَا أُخْفِيَ لَهُمْ مِنْ قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ (١٧) ﴾ ﴿فَلَا تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَا أُخْفِيَ لَهُمْ﴾ قَرَأَ حَمْزَةُ وَيَعْقُوبُ: "أُخْفِي لَهُمْ" سَاكِنَةَ الْيَاءِ، أَيْ: أَنَا أُخْفِي لَهُمْ وَمِنْ حُجَّتِهِ قِرَاءَةُ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ "نُخْفِي" بِالنُّونِ. وَقَرَأَ الْآخَرُونَ بِفَتْحِهَا. ﴿مِنْ قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ﴾ مِمَّا تَقَرُّ بِهِ أَعْيُنُهُمْ، ﴿جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ﴾

(١) أخرجه الترمذي في الصلاة، باب: ما جاء في فضل صلاة الليل: ٢ / ٥١٦ وقال: (حديث أبي هريرة حديث حسن) ، وأخرجه مسلم في الصيام، باب: فضل صوم المحرم برقم: (١١٦٣) ٢ / ٨٢١ والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٤ / ٣٥. (٢) أخرجه عبد الرزاق في المصنف (كتاب الجامع للإمام معمر) ١١ / ٤١٨-٤١٩ ومن طريقه أخرجه الإمام أحمد: ٥ / ٣٤٣، وصححه ابن حبان برقم: (٦٤١) ص ١٦٨، والطبراني في الكبير: ٣ / ٣٤٢ قال الهيثمي في المجمع: ٢ / ٢٥٤ (رجاله ثقات) والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٤ / ٤٠-٤١، وله شاهد عند الحاكم: ١ / ٣٢١ من حديث عبد الله بن عمرو، وصححه ووافقه الذهبي. (٣) أخرجه البخاري في التهجد، باب: فضل من تعار من الليل فصلى: ٣ / ٣٩.