Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/303)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“Had We willed, We could have given every soul its guidance, but My Word has come to pass: I will surely fill Hell with jinn and humans all together. (13) So taste, for having forgotten the meeting of this Day of yours. Indeed, We have forgotten you. Taste the everlasting punishment for what you used to do. (14) Only those believe in Our signs who, when reminded of them, fall down in prostration and glorify their Lord with His praise, and are not too proud. (15) Their sides forsake their beds as they call upon their Lord in fear and hope, and they spend from what We have provided for them. (16)”

“Had We willed, We could have given every soul its guidance,” that is, its sound direction and success in attaining faith. “But My Word has come to pass,” meaning, it has become binding: “I will surely fill Hell with jinn and humans all together.” This is His saying to Iblis: “I will surely fill Hell with you and all of those among them who follow you” (Sad 85).

Then it will be said to the people of the Fire—and Muqatil said: when they enter the Fire, its keepers will say to them—“So taste, for having forgotten the meeting of this Day of yours,” that is, for having abandoned faith in it in the life of this world. “Indeed, We have forgotten you,” meaning, We have forsaken you. “Taste the everlasting punishment for what you used to do,” of disbelief and denial.

His saying, exalted is He, “Only those believe in Our signs who, when reminded of them,” that is, admonished by them, “fall down in prostration,” meaning, they fall upon their faces in prostration, “and glorify their Lord with His praise.” It was said that this means: they pray in obedience to their Lord’s command. And it was said: they say, “Glory be to Allah and praise be to Him.” “And they are not too proud,” that is, to believe and prostrate to Him.

“Their sides forsake their beds”: that is, they rise above and keep away from them. “Their beds” is the plural of “bed,” meaning the place upon which one lies down—that is, their bedding. They are those who perform night prayer, rising to pray.

There is disagreement concerning whom this verse refers to. Anas said: “It was revealed concerning us, the Ansar. We would pray Maghrib and not return to our dwellings until we had prayed Isha with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him.” (1)

Anas also narrated: “It was revealed concerning some of the Companions of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who would pray from the Maghrib prayer until the Isha prayer.” (2) This was also the view of Abu Hazim and Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir. They said: “It is the Prayer of the Oft-Returning.” (3)

It was narrated from Ibn Abbas that he said: “The angels surround those who pray between Maghrib and Isha; this is the Prayer of the Oft-Returning.”

(1) Al-Suyuti attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 6:546, to Ibn Mardawayh; al-Wahidi also mentioned it in Asbab al-Nuzul, p. 404. (2) Reported by al-Tabari, 21:100; see also al-Durr al-Manthur, 6:546. (3) Reported by al-Bayhaqi, 3:19. Al-Suyuti also attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 6:546, to Muhammad ibn Nasr.

﴿وَلَوْ شِئْنَا لَآتَيْنَا كُلَّ نَفْسٍ هُدَاهَا وَلَكِنْ حَقَّ الْقَوْلُ مِنِّي لَأَمْلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ (١٣) فَذُوقُوا بِمَا نَسِيتُمْ لِقَاءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا إِنَّا نَسِينَاكُمْ وَذُوقُوا عَذَابَ الْخُلْدِ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ (١٤) إِنَّمَا يُؤْمِنُ بِآيَاتِنَا الَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِّرُوا بِهَا خَرُّوا سُجَّدًا وَسَبَّحُوا بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَهُمْ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ (١٥) تَتَجَافَى جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ خَوْفًا وَطَمَعًا وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ (١٦) ﴾ ﴿وَلَوْ شِئْنَا لَآتَيْنَا كُلَّ نَفْسٍ هُدَاهَا﴾ رُشْدَهَا وَتَوْفِيقَهَا لِلْإِيمَانِ، ﴿وَلَكِنْ حَقَّ﴾ وَجَبَ، ﴿الْقَوْلُ مِنِّي لَأَمْلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ﴾ وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ لِإِبْلِيسَ: "لَأَمْلَأَنَّ جهنم منك ومن تَبِعَكَ مِنْهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ" (ص-٨٥) . ثُمَّ يُقَالُ لِأَهْلِ النَّارِ -وَقَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: إِذَا دَخَلُوا النَّارَ قَالَتْ لَهُمُ الْخَزَنَةُ-: ﴿فَذُوقُوا بِمَا نَسِيتُمْ لِقَاءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا﴾ أَيْ: تَرَكْتُمُ الْإِيمَانَ بِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا، ﴿إِنَّا نَسِينَاكُمْ﴾ تَرَكْنَاكُمْ، ﴿وَذُوقُوا عَذَابَ الْخُلْدِ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ﴾ مِنَ الْكُفْرِ وَالتَّكْذِيبِ. قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿إِنَّمَا يُؤْمِنُ بِآيَاتِنَا الَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِّرُوا بِهَا﴾ وُعِظُوا بِهَا، ﴿خَرُّوا سُجَّدًا﴾ سَقَطُوا عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ سَاجِدِينَ، ﴿وَسَبَّحُوا بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ﴾ قِيلَ: صَلُّوا بِأَمْرِ رَبِّهِمْ. وَقِيلَ: قَالُوا سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَبِحَمْدِهِ، ﴿وَهُمْ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ﴾ عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ وَالسُّجُودِ لَهُ. ﴿تَتَجَافَى﴾ تَرْتَفِعُ وَتَنْبُو، ﴿جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ﴾ جَمْعُ مَضْجَعٍ، وَهُوَ الْمَوْضِعُ الَّذِي يُضْطَجَعُ عَلَيْهِ، يَعْنِي الْفُرُشَ، وَهُمُ الْمُتَهَجِّدُونَ بِاللَّيْلِ، اللَّذَيْنِ يَقُومُونَ لِلصَّلَاةِ. وَاخْتَلَفُوا فِي الْمُرَادِ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ؛ قَالَ أَنَسٌ: نَزَلَتْ فِينَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ، كُنَّا نُصَلِّي الْمَغْرِبَ فَلَا نَرْجِعُ إِلَى رِحَالِنَا حَتَّى نُصَلِّيَ الْعِشَاءَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ (١) . وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ أَيْضًا قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي أُنَاسٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ كَانُوا يُصَلُّونَ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ (٢) وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، وَقَالَا هِيَ صَلَاةُ الْأَوَّابِينَ (٣) . وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ﵁ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَتَحُفُّ بِالَّذِينِ يُصَلُّونَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ، وَهِيَ صَلَاةُ الْأَوَّابِينَ.

(١) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٦ / ٥٤٦ لابن مردويه، وذكره الواحدي في أسباب النزول ص ٤٠٤. (٢) أخرجه الطبري: ٢١ / ١٠٠، وانظر الدر المنثور: ٦ / ٥٤٦. (٣) أخرجه البيهقي: ٣ / ١٩، وقد عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٦ / ٥٤٦ أيضا لمحمد بن نصر.