Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

will the rain fall? I left my wife pregnant, so when will she give birth? I know where I was born, but in what land will I die?” So Allah revealed this verse: “Indeed, Allah alone has knowledge of the Hour. He sends down the rain and knows what is in the wombs. No soul knows what it will earn tomorrow, and no soul knows in what land it will die.” (1)

Ubayy ibn Ka‘b recited it: “in which land,” while the well-known recitation is: “in what land,” because the word for “land” bears none of the markers of the feminine gender.

It was also said that by “land” He meant “place.” Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il informed us; Abd al-Aziz ibn Abd Allah informed us; Ibrahim ibn Sa‘dah informed us, from Ibn Shihab, from Salim ibn Abd Allah, from his father, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “The keys of the unseen are five: Allah alone has knowledge of the Hour; He sends down the rain; He knows what is in the wombs; no soul knows what it will earn tomorrow; and no soul knows in what land it will die.” (2)

“Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware.”

(1) Al-Wahidi, Asbab al-Nuzul, p. 402. (2) Related by al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Istisqa (Prayer for Rain), chapter: “None knows when rain will come except Allah,” 2:524; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:422.
يَنْزِلُ الْغَيْثُ؟ وَتَرَكْتُ، امْرَأَتِي حُبْلَى، فَمَتَى تَلِدُ؟ وَقَدْ عَلِمَتُ أَيْنَ وُلِدْتُ فَبِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ أَمُوتُ؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ (١) ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ﴾ وَقَرَأَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ: "بِأَيَّةِ أَرْضٍ"، وَالْمَشْهُورُ: "بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ" لِأَنَّ الْأَرْضَ لَيْسَ فِيهَا مِنْ عَلَامَاتِ التَّأْنِيثِ شَيْءٌ. وَقِيلَ: أَرَادَ بِالْأَرْضِ الْمَكَانَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيٌ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَاعِدَةَ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "مَفَاتِيحُ الْغَيْبِ خَمْسٌ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عَلِمُ السَّاعَةِ، وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ، وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْأَرْحَامِ، وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا، وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ" (٢) . ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ﴾
(١) الواحدي في أسباب النزول ص ٤٠٢. (٢) أخرجه البخاري: في الاستسقاء، باب: لا يدري متى يجيء المطر إلا الله: ٢ / ٥٢٤، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٤ / ٤٢٢.

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