Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/266)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Hamzah and al-Kisāʾī recited takhrujūna with the tāʾ vowelled with fatḥah and the rāʾ with ḍammah, while the rest recited it with the tāʾ vowelled with ḍammah and the rāʾ with fatḥah.

“Among His signs is that He created you from dust; then—behold!—you became human beings spreading far and wide. Among His signs, too, is that He created for you spouses from among yourselves, so that you might find tranquillity in them, and He placed between you affection and mercy. Surely in this are signs for people who reflect. And among His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the diversity of your languages and colours. Surely in this are signs for those who know. And among His signs is your sleep by night and day, and your seeking of His bounty. Surely in this are signs for people who listen. And among His signs is that He shows you the lightning, inspiring fear and hope, and sends down water from the sky, thereby bringing the earth to life after its death. Surely in this are signs for people who understand.”

His saying, “Among His signs is that He created you from dust,” means: He created your origin—namely Adam—from dust. “Then—behold!—you became human beings spreading far and wide”: that is, you spread across the earth.

“Among His signs, too, is that He created for you spouses from among yourselves.” It was said: from your own kind, from among the children of Adam. It was also said: He created Eve from Adam’s rib (1). “So that you might find tranquillity in them, and He placed between you affection and mercy”: He placed affection and mercy between the two spouses, so that they love and show mercy to one another. Nothing is more beloved to either of them than the other, despite there being no kinship between them. “Surely in this are signs for people who reflect”: on the greatness and power of Allah.

“And among His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the diversity of your languages”: that is, the diversity of languages—Arabic, non-Arabic, and others. “And your colours”: white, black, and red, though you are the offspring of one man and one woman. “Surely in this are signs for those who know.” Hafs recited lil-ʿālimīn (2), with the lām vowelled with kasrah.

“And among His signs is your sleep by night and day, and your seeking of His bounty”: that is, your sleep at night and your seeking of His bounty by day—namely, your going about in pursuit of livelihood. “Surely in this are signs for people who listen”: listening with reflection and heedfulness.

(1) It has been noted above that there is no authentic text from the Prophet concerning this. And Allah knows best. (2) In the original text, it is vocalized with a fathah on the lam, in accordance with the reading preferred by the author.

قَرَأَ حَمْزَةُ وَالْكِسَائِيُّ: "تَخْرُجُونَ" بِفَتْحِ التَّاءِ وَضَمِّ الرَّاءِ، وَقَرَأَ الْبَاقُونَ بِضَمِّ التَّاءِ وَفَتْحِ الرَّاءِ. ﴿وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ إِذَا أَنْتُمْ بَشَرٌ تَنْتَشِرُونَ (٢٠) وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا لِتَسْكُنُوا إِلَيْهَا وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ مَوَدَّةً وَرَحْمَةً إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ (٢١) وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ خَلْقُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافُ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ وَأَلْوَانِكُمْ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِلْعَالِمِينَ (٢٢) وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ مَنَامُكُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَابْتِغَاؤُكُمْ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَسْمَعُونَ (٢٣) وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ يُرِيكُمُ الْبَرْقَ خَوْفًا وَطَمَعًا وَيُنَزِّلُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَيُحْيِي بِهِ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ (٢٤) ﴾ ﴿وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ تُرَابٍ﴾ أَيْ: خَلَقَ أَصْلَكُمْ يَعْنِي آدَمَ مِنْ تُرَابٍ، ﴿ثُمَّ إِذَا أَنْتُمْ بَشَرٌ تَنْتَشِرُونَ﴾ تَنْبَسِطُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ. ﴿وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا﴾ قِيلَ: مِنْ جِنْسِكُمْ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ. وَقِيلَ: خَلَقَ حَوَّاءَ مِنْ ضِلْعِ آدَمَ (١) ، ﴿لِتَسْكُنُوا إِلَيْهَا وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ مَوَدَّةً وَرَحْمَةً﴾ جَعَلَ بَيْنَ الزَّوْجَيْنِ الْمَوَدَّةَ وَالرَّحْمَةَ فَهُمَا يَتَوَادَّانِ وَيَتَرَاحَمَانِ، وَمَا شَيْءٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمَا مِنَ الْآخَرِ مِنْ غَيْرِ رَحِمٍ بَيْنَهُمَا، ﴿إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ﴾ فِي عَظَمَةِ اللَّهِ وَقُدْرَتِهِ. ﴿وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ خَلْقُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافُ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ﴾ يَعْنِي: اخْتِلَافَ اللُّغَاتِ مِنَ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ وَالْعَجَمِيَّةِ وَغَيْرِهِمَا، ﴿وَأَلْوَانِكُمْ﴾ أَبْيَضَ وَأَسْوَدَ وَأَحْمَرَ، وَأَنْتُمْ وَلَدُ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ وَامْرَأَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ، ﴿إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِلْعَالِمِينَ﴾ قَرَأَ حَفْصٌ: ﴿لِلْعَالِمِينَ﴾ (٢) بِكَسْرِ اللَّامِ. ﴿وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ مَنَامُكُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَابْتِغَاؤُكُمْ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ﴾ أَيْ: مَنَامُكُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَابْتِغَاؤُكُمْ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ بِالنَّهَارِ، أَيْ: تَصَرُّفُكُمْ فِي طَلَبِ الْمَعِيشَةِ، ﴿إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَسْمَعُونَ﴾ سَمَاعَ تَدَبُّرٍ وَاعْتِبَارٍ.

(١) تقدم فيما سبق أنه ليس هناك نص صحيح عن النبي ﷺ في ذلك. والله أعلم. (٢) في الأصل ضبطت بفتح اللام على ما اختاره المصنف.