Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/236)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“So We saved him and those aboard the Ark, and made it a sign for all peoples. (15)

“And We sent Abraham when he said to his people, ‘Worship Allah and fear Him. That is better for you, if only you knew. (16)

“You worship nothing besides Allah but idols, and you fabricate falsehood. Indeed, those you worship besides Allah have no power to provide for you. So seek provision from Allah, worship Him, and give thanks to Him. To Him you will be returned. (17)”

“And they will surely bear their own burdens”: the sins of the deeds they committed themselves, “along with other burdens besides their own”: that is, the sins of those whom they led astray and turned away from the way of Allah, in addition to their own sins. Similar to this is His saying: “Let them bear their burdens in full on the Day of Resurrection, as well as some of the burdens of those whom they mislead without knowledge” (al-Nahl 25). “And on the Day of Resurrection they will surely be questioned about what they used to fabricate”: a questioning of rebuke and reprimand.

His saying, Most High: “And We certainly sent Noah to his people, and he remained among them for a thousand years less fifty; then the Flood overtook them”—so they drowned—“while they were wrongdoers.” Ibn Abbas said: “They were polytheists.”

“So We saved him and those aboard the Ark”: that is, from drowning. “And made it”—that is, the Ark—“a sign”: a lesson, “for all peoples.” For it remained upon al-Judi for a long time. It was also said: We made their punishment by drowning a lesson. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: ⦗67/a⦘ Noah was sent at the age of forty, and he remained among his people, calling them, for a thousand years less fifty. He lived for sixty years after the Flood, until people became numerous and spread abroad. His lifespan was one thousand and fifty years.

His saying, Most High: “And Abraham”: that is, We sent Abraham. “When he said to his people, ‘Worship Allah and fear Him’”: obey Allah and fear Him. “That is better for you, if only you knew.”

“You worship nothing besides Allah but idols”: graven images. “And you fabricate falsehood”: you speak lies. Mujahid said: “You fashion idols with your own hands, then call them gods.” “Indeed, those you worship besides Allah have no power to provide for you”: they are unable to provide for you. “So seek”: that is, ask for, “provision from Allah, worship Him, and give thanks to Him. To Him you will be returned.”

﴿فَأَنْجَيْنَاهُ وَأَصْحَابَ السَّفِينَةِ وَجَعَلْنَاهَا آيَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ (١٥) وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاتَّقُوهُ ذَلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ (١٦) إِنَّمَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْثَانًا وَتَخْلُقُونَ إِفْكًا إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ لَكُمْ رِزْقًا فَابْتَغُوا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ الرِّزْقَ وَاعْبُدُوهُ وَاشْكُرُوا لَهُ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ (١٧) ﴾ ﴿وَلَيَحْمِلُنَّ أَثْقَالَهُمْ﴾ أَوْزَارَ أَعْمَالِهِمُ الَّتِي عَمِلُوهَا بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ، ﴿وَأَثْقَالًا مَعَ أَثْقَالِهِمْ﴾ أَيْ: أَوْزَارَ مَنْ أَضَلُّوا وَصَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ مَعَ أَوْزَارِهِمْ. نَظِيرُهُ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: "لِيَحْمِلُوا أَوْزَارَهُمْ كَامِلَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمِنْ أَوْزَارِ الَّذِينَ يُضِلُّونَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ" (النَّحْلِ-٢٥) . ﴿وَلَيُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَمَّا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ﴾ سُؤَالَ تَوْبِيخٍ وَتَقْرِيعٍ. قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَلَبِثَ فِيهِمْ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ إِلَّا خَمْسِينَ عَامًا فَأَخَذَهُمُ الطُّوفَانُ﴾ فَغَرِقُوا، ﴿وَهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: مُشْرِكُونَ. ﴿فَأَنْجَيْنَاهُ وَأَصْحَابَ السَّفِينَةِ﴾ يَعْنِي مِنَ الْغَرَقِ، ﴿وَجَعَلْنَاهَا﴾ يَعْنِي السَّفِينَةَ ﴿آيَةً﴾ أَيْ: عِبْرَةً، ﴿لِلْعَالَمِينَ﴾ فَإِنَّهَا كَانَتْ بَاقِيَةً عَلَى الْجُودِيِّ مُدَّةً مَدِيدَةً. وَقِيلَ: جَعَلْنَا عُقُوبَتَهُمْ لِلْغَرَقِ عِبْرَةً. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄: ٦٧/أبُعِثَ نُوحٌ لِأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، وَبَقِيَ فِي قَوْمِهِ يَدْعُوهُمْ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ إِلَّا خَمْسِينَ عَامًا، وَعَاشَ بَعْدَ الطُّوفَانِ سِتِّينَ سَنَةً حَتَّى كَثُرَ النَّاسُ وَفَشُوا، وَكَانَ عُمْرُهُ أَلْفًا وَخَمْسِينَ سَنَةً. قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ﴾ أَيْ: وَأَرْسَلْنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ﴿إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاتَّقُوهُ﴾ أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَخَافُوهُ، ﴿ذَلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ﴾ ﴿إِنَّمَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْثَانًا﴾ أَصْنَامًا، ﴿وَتَخْلُقُونَ إِفْكًا﴾ تَقُولُونَ كَذِبًا، قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: تَصْنَعُونَ أَصْنَامًا بِأَيْدِكُمْ فَتُسَمُّونَهَا آلِهَةً، ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ لَكُمْ رِزْقًا﴾ لَا يَقْدِرُونَ أَنْ يَرْزُقُوكُمْ، ﴿فَابْتَغُوا﴾ فَاطْلُبُوا، ﴿عِنْدَ اللَّهِ الرِّزْقَ وَاعْبُدُوهُ وَاشْكُرُوا لَهُ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ﴾