Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/221)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

It is also said that wherever Qarun went, he carried with him the keys to his treasures. They were made of iron, but when they became too heavy for him, he had them made of wood. When they were still heavy, he had them made of cowhide, each the length of a finger. Whenever he rode, they were carried along with him on forty mules. (1)

“When his people said to him”: his people from among the Children of Israel said to Qarun, “Do not exult”—that is, do not be insolent, ungrateful, or boastful. “Indeed, Allah does not love those who exult”: those who are insolently ungrateful and do not thank Allah for what He has given them.

“But seek, through that which Allah has given you, the home of the Hereafter; and do not forget your share of this world. And do good as Allah has done good to you. And do not seek corruption in the land. Indeed, Allah does not love the corrupters.” (77)

“But seek, through that which Allah has given you, the home of the Hereafter”: seek Paradise through the wealth and blessings Allah has given you. This means that you should give thanks to Allah for the favors He has bestowed upon you and spend them in that which pleases Allah, exalted is He.

“And do not forget your share of this world.” Mujahid and Ibn Zayd said: Do not neglect to work in this world for the Hereafter, so that you may be saved from punishment, for the true share a person has of this world is to work for the Hereafter. Al-Suddi said: It means charity and maintaining ties of kinship. Ali said: Do not neglect to use your health, strength, youth, and wealth to seek the Hereafter.

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Abu al-Hasan Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Shadhan informed us; Abu Yazid Hatim ibn Mahbub al-Shami informed us; Husayn al-Marwazi informed us; Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak informed us; Jafar ibn Burqan informed us, from Ziyad ibn al-Jarrah, from Amr ibn Maymun al-Awdi, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said to a man while exhorting him, “Make the most of five before five: your youth before your old age, your health before your illness, your wealth before your poverty, your free time before your preoccupation, and your life before your death.” This hadith is mursal. (2)

Al-Hasan said: He commanded that one give away the surplus and retain what is sufficient for him. Mansur ibn Zadhan said concerning His words, “And do not forget your share of this world”: It is your provision and the provision of your family.

“And do good as Allah has done good to you”: that is, do good through obedience to Allah, just as Allah has done good to you through His blessing. (3)

(1) See all the foregoing views in al-Tabari, 20/105-110; and al-Durr al-Manthur, 6/437-438. They are numerous and conflicting opinions, none of which is marfu (attributed directly) to the Prophet, and Allah knows best which of them actually occurred. (2) It was transmitted in mursal form, as the author states, by Abu Nuaym in Hilyat al-Awliya, 4/148; al-Khatib al-Baghdadi in Iqtida al-Ilm al-Amal, p. 218, ed. al-Albani; and Ibn Abi Shaybah in al-Musannaf, 13/223. Al-Hakim transmitted it with a connected chain from Ibn Abbas in al-Mustadrak and declared it authentic according to the criteria of al-Bukhari and Muslim; al-Dhahabi concurred, 4/306. It was also transmitted by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 14/224, and by Ibn al-Mubarak in al-Zuhd, p. 2, with an authentic chain from the mursal report of Amr ibn Maymun. See Fath al-Bari, 11/235. (3) The material between brackets is omitted from manuscript A.

وَيُقَالُ: كَانَ قَارُونُ أَيْنَمَا ذَهَبَ يَحْمِلُ مَعَهُ مَفَاتِيحَ كُنُوزِهِ، وَكَانَتْ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ، فَلَمَّا ثَقُلَتْ عَلَيْهِ جَعَلَهَا مِنْ خَشَبٍ، فَثَقُلَتْ فَجَعَلَهَا مِنْ جُلُودِ الْبَقَرِ عَلَى طُولِ الْأَصَابِعِ، وَكَانَتْ تُحَمَّلُ مَعَهُ إِذَا رَكِبَ عَلَى أَرْبَعِينَ بَغْلًا (١) . ﴿إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ قَوْمُهُ﴾ قَالَ لِقَارُونَ قَوْمُهُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ: ﴿لَا تَفْرَحْ﴾ لَا تَبْطَرُ وَلَا تَأْشَرُ وَلَا تَمْرَحُ، ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ، الْفَرِحِينَ﴾ الْأَشِرِينَ الْبَطِرِينِ الَّذِينَ لَا يَشْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ عَلَى مَا أَعْطَاهُمْ. ﴿وَابْتَغِ فِيمَا آتَاكَ اللَّهُ الدَّارَ الْآخِرَةَ وَلَا تَنْسَ نَصِيبَكَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَأَحْسِنْ كَمَا أَحْسَنَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ وَلَا تَبْغِ الْفَسَادَ فِي الْأَرْضِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُفْسِدِينَ (٧٧) ﴾ ﴿وَابْتَغِ فِيمَا آتَاكَ اللَّهُ الدَّارَ الْآخِرَةَ﴾ اطْلُبْ فِيمَا أَعْطَاكَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَالنِّعْمَةِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَهُوَ أَنْ تَقُومَ بِشُكْرِ اللَّهِ فِيمَا أَنْعَمَ عَلَيْكَ وَتُنْفِقَهُ فِي رِضَا اللَّهِ تَعَالَى، ﴿وَلَا تَنْسَ نَصِيبَكَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا﴾ قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ، وَابْنُ زَيْدٍ: لَا تَتْرُكُ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ فِي الدُّنْيَا لِلْآخِرَةِ حَتَّى تَنْجُوَ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ، لِأَنَّ حَقِيقَةَ نَصِيبِ الْإِنْسَانِ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا أَنْ يَعْمَلَ لِلْآخِرَةِ. وَقَالَ السُّدِّيُّ: بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَصِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ. وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: لَا تَنْسَ صِحَّتَكَ وَقُوَّتَكَ وَشَبَابَكَ وَغِنَاكَ أَنْ تَطْلُبَ بِهَا الْآخِرَةَ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو يَزِيدَ حَاتِمُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ الشَّامِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا حُسَيْنُ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، أَخْبَرَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ بُرْقَانَ، عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ الْأَوْدِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِرَجُلٍ: وَهُوَ يَعِظُهُ: "اغْتَنَمَ خَمْسًا قَبْلَ خَمْسٍ: شَبَابَكَ قَبْلَ هَرَمِكَ، وَصِحَّتَكَ قَبْلَ سَقَمِكَ، وَغِنَاكَ قَبْلَ فَقْرِكَ، وَفَرَاغَكَ قَبْلَ شُغْلِكَ، وَحَيَاتَكَ قَبْلَ مَوْتِكَ" الْحَدِيثُ مُرْسَلٌ (٢) . قال الحسن: أمر أَنْ يُقَدِّمَ الْفَضْلَ وَيُمْسِكَ مَا يُغْنِيهِ، قَالَ مَنْصُورُ بْنُ زَاذَانَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: "وَلَا تَنْسَ نَصِيبَكَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا"، قَالَ: قُوتَكَ وَقُوتَ أَهْلِكَ. ﴿وَأَحْسِنْ كَمَا أَحْسَنَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ﴾ [أَيْ: أَحْسِنُ بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ] (٣) كَمَا أَحْسَنَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ بِنِعْمَتِهِ.

(١) انظر الأقوال السالفة كلها في: الطبري ٢٠ / ١٠٥-١١٠، الدر المنثور: ٦ / ٤٣٧-٤٣٨. وهي أقوال كثيرة متضاربة ليس فيها شيء مرفوع إلى النبي ﷺ، والله أعلم أي ذلك كان. (٢) أخرجه مرسلا - كما قال المصنف: أبو نعيم في حلية الأولياء: ٤ / ١٤٨، والخطيب البغدادي في اقتضاء العلم العمل ص (٢١٨) بتحقيق الألباني، وابن أبي شيبة في المصنف: ١٣ / ٢٢٣ ووصله الحاكم في المستدرك عن ابن عباس وصححه على شرط الشيخين ووافقه الذهبي: ٤ / ٣٠٦، وأخرجه المصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ٢٢٤، وابن المبارك في الزهد ص (٢) بسند صحيح من مرسل عمرو بن ميمون. انظر: فتح الباري: ١١ / ٢٣٥. (٣) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "أ".