Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/183)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“Whoever comes with a good deed shall have better than it, and on that Day they will be safe from terror.” (89)

His saying, exalted is He: “And you will see the mountains, thinking them motionless”—that is, standing (1) and still—“while they pass as the clouds pass”; that is, they move as the clouds move, until they fall upon the earth and become level with it. This is because every immense thing and every great multitude escapes the eye on account of its vastness and the distance between its extremities; thus, to the observer it appears stationary while it is actually moving. Likewise, the movement of the mountains will not be seen on the Day of Resurrection because of their immensity, just as the movement of the clouds is not seen because of their vastness, although they are moving.

“The work of Allah” is in the accusative as a verbal noun. “Who perfected all things,” that is, made them precise and sound. “Indeed, He is All-Aware of what you do.” Ibn Kathir and the reciters of Basra read it in the third person, while the rest read it in the second person.

“Whoever comes with a good deed”: that is, with the declaration of sincere monotheism—the testimony that none is worthy of worship except Allah. Abu Ma‘shar said: Ibrahim used to swear, without making an exception, that the good deed is the statement, “None is worthy of worship except Allah.” Qatadah said: it means sincerity. It was also said: it refers to every act of obedience. (2)

“Shall have better than it.” Ibn ‘Abbas said: Through it, goodness reaches him; that is, from that good deed he will attain the good of the Day of Resurrection, namely reward (3) and safety from punishment. As for his having something better than faith, this is not so, for nothing is better than the statement, “None is worthy of worship except Allah.”

It was also said: “He shall have better than it” means the good pleasure of Allah. Allah, exalted is He, says: “But the good pleasure of Allah is greater.” (al-Tawbah 9:72) Muhammad ibn Ka‘b and ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Zayd said: “He shall have better than it” means:

(1) Omitted from manuscript "A." (2) See al-Tabari, 20:22-23. There is no contradiction between these views, for the statement of tawhid (affirmation of Allah's oneness) - "the testimony that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah" - is the statement of sincerity, and no act of obedience is valid without sincerity. Allah knows best. (3) Omitted from manuscript "A."

﴿مَنْ جَاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا وَهُمْ مِنْ فَزَعٍ يَوْمَئِذٍ آمِنُونَ (٨٩) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿وَتَرَى الْجِبَالَ تَحْسَبُهَا جَامِدَةً﴾ قَائِمَةً (١) وَاقِفَةً، ﴿وَهِيَ تَمُرُّ مَرَّ السَّحَابِ﴾ أَيْ: تَسِيرُ سَيْرَ السَّحَابِ حَتَّى تَقَعَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ. فَتَسْتَوِي بِهَا وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عَظِيمٍ وَكُلَّ جَمْعٍ كَثِيرٍ يَقْصُرُ عَنْهُ الْبَصَرُ لِكَثْرَتِهِ وَبُعْدِ مَا بَيْنَ أَطْرَافِهِ فَهُوَ فِي حُسْبَانِ النَّاظِرِ وَاقِفٌ وَهُوَ سَائِرٌ، كَذَلِكَ سَيْرُ الْجِبَالِ لَا يُرَى يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لِعَظَمَتِهَا، كَمَا أَنَّ سَيْرَ السَّحَابِ لَا يُرَى لِعِظَمِهِ وَهُوَ سَائِرٌ، ﴿صُنْعَ اللَّهِ﴾ نُصِبَ عَلَى الْمَصْدَرِ، ﴿الَّذِي أَتْقَنَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ﴾ أَيْ: أَحْكَمَ، ﴿إِنَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَفْعَلُونَ﴾ قَرَأَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ، وَأَهْلُ الْبَصْرَةِ: بِالْيَاءِ وَالْبَاقُونَ بِالتَّاءِ. ﴿مَنْ جَاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ﴾ بِكَلِمَةِ الْإِخْلَاصِ، وَهِيَ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، قَالَ أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ: كَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ يَحْلِفُ وَلَا يَسْتَثْنِي: أَنَّ الْحَسَنَةَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ. وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: بالإخلاص. وقيل: هل كَلُّ طَاعَةٍ (٢) ﴿فَلَهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَمِنْهَا يَصِلُ الْخَيْرُ إِلَيْهِ، يَعْنِي: لَهُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْحَسَنَةِ خَيْرُ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَهُوَ الثَّوَابُ (٣) وَالْأَمْنُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ، أَمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ شَيْءٌ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ فَلَا لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ خَيْرًا مِنْ قَوْلِهِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ. وَقِيلَ: فَلَهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا يَعْنِي: رِضْوَانَ اللَّهِ، قَالَ تَعَالَى: "وَرِضْوَانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ" (التَّوْبَةِ-٧٢) ، وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ زَيْدٍ: "فَلَهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا" يَعْنِي:

(١) ساقط من "أ". (٢) انظر: الطبري: ٢٠ / ٢٢-٢٣. ولا تنافي بين هذه الأقوال فإن كلمة التوحيد "شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله" هي كلمة الإخلاص، ولا طاعة إلا بإخلاص. والله أعلم. (٣) ساقط من "أ".