Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Al-Dahhak said: They are Ridwan, the maidens of Paradise, Malik, and the guardians of Hell. It is also said: the scorpions and snakes of Hell. (1)

His saying, exalted is He: “And all”—that is, those who have been brought back to life after death—“will come to Him.” Al-A‘mash, Hamzah, and Hafs recited it as atawhu, without lengthening the initial vowel and with the ta’ fathah, as a verb, meaning: they came to Him. The others recited it with a lengthened initial vowel and with the ta’ dammah, as in His saying, exalted is He: “And every one of them will come to Him alone on the Day of Resurrection” (Maryam 19:95)—“in humble submission,” meaning, subdued.

“And you will see the mountains, thinking them motionless, while they pass as the clouds pass—the work of Allah, who perfected all things. Indeed, He is All-Aware of what you do.” (88)

(1) Ibn al-Jawzi mentioned it in Zad al-Masir, 6:195, on the authority of Ibn Shaqla, a Hanbali scholar. Al-Qurtubi, 13:241, and Abu Hayyan, 7:100, نقل from some scholars that no authentic report has been transmitted specifying their identity; all the views are possible. Allah knows best. Al-Tabari and Ibn Kathir favored the view that they are the martyrs, based on other hadiths reported on this matter, for the martyrs are alive with their Lord and provided for.
قَالَ الضَّحَّاكُ: هُمْ رِضْوَانُ، وَالْحَوَرُ، وَمَالِكٌ، وَالزَّبَانِيَةُ. وَقِيلَ: عَقَارِبُ النَّارِ وَحَيَّاتُهَا (١) . قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿وَكُلٌّ﴾ أَيْ: الَّذِينَ أُحْيُوا بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ، ﴿أَتَوْهُ﴾ قَرَأَ الْأَعْمَشُ، وَحَمْزَةُ، وَحَفْصٌ: "أَتَوْهُ" مَقْصُورًا بِفَتْحِ التَّاءِ عَلَى الْفِعْلِ، أَيْ: جَاءُوهُ، وَقَرَأَ الْآخَرُونَ بِالْمَدِّ وَضَمِّ التَّاءِ كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: "وَكُلُّهُمْ آتِيهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَرْدًا" (مَرْيَمَ-٩٥) ، ﴿دَاخِرِينَ﴾ صَاغِرِينَ. ﴿وَتَرَى الْجِبَالَ تَحْسَبُهَا جَامِدَةً وَهِيَ تَمُرُّ مَرَّ السَّحَابِ صُنْعَ اللَّهِ الَّذِي أَتْقَنَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ إِنَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَفْعَلُونَ (٨٨) ﴾
(١) ذكره ابن الجوزي في "زاد المسير": ٦ / ١٩٥ عن ابن شاقلا من الحنابلة، ونقل القرطبي: (١٣ / ٢٤١) وأبو حيان: (٧ / ١٠٠) عن بعض العلماء أن الصحيح أنه لم يرد في تعيينهم خبر صحيح، والكل محتمل، والله أعلم. والذي اعتمده الطبري وابن كثير أن المراد بهم الشهداء، لأحاديث أخرى وردت في ذلك، إذ الشهداء أحياء عند ربهم يرزقون.

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