Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

the terror does not reach them. (1) In some reports it is stated: “The martyrs are Allah’s exception” (2)—that is, those whom Allah Most High has exempted.

Al-Kalbi and Muqatil said: This refers to Gabriel, Michael, Israfil, and the Angel of Death. Thus, after the blast, none but these four will remain. Then Allah will take the soul of Michael, then the soul of Israfil, then the soul of the Angel of Death, and then the soul of Gabriel; thus Gabriel, peace be upon him, will be the last of them to die. (3)

It is narrated that Allah Most High will say to the Angel of Death: “Take the soul of Israfil.” Then He will say: “Who remains, O Angel of Death?” He will reply: “Glory be to You, my Lord! Blessed and exalted are You, O Possessor of Majesty and Honor. Gabriel, Michael, and the Angel of Death remain.” He will then say: “Take the soul of Michael.” So he will take his soul, and Michael will fall like a mighty mountain. He will say: “Who remains?” He will reply: “Glory be to You, my Lord! Blessed and exalted are You. Gabriel and the Angel of Death remain.” He will say: “Die, O Angel of Death,” and he will die. Then He will say: “O Gabriel, who remains?” Gabriel will reply: “Blessed and exalted are You, O Possessor of Majesty and Honor. Your Countenance alone remains, everlasting and eternal, while Gabriel is subject to death and perishing.” It is then said that He will say: “O Gabriel, you too must die.” Gabriel will fall prostrate, beating his wings. It is related that Gabriel’s physical form surpasses Michael’s as a mighty mountain surpasses a small hill among hills. (4)

It is also narrated that the bearers of the Throne remain along with these four. Then the Angel of Death takes the souls of Gabriel and Michael, then the souls of the bearers of the Throne, then the soul of Israfil, and then the soul of the Angel of Death.

Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn al-Fadl al-Kharaqi informed us; Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Abd Allah al-Taysafuni informed us; Abd Allah ibn Ali al-Jawhari informed us; Ahmad ibn Ali al-Kushmihanī informed us; Ali ibn Hujr informed us; Ismail ibn Jafar informed us; Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Alqama informed us, from Abu Salama, from Abu Hurayra, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The Trumpet will be blown, and all who are in the heavens and all who are on the earth will be struck down, except those whom Allah wills. Then it will be blown again, and I will be the first to raise my head. Thereupon Moses will be holding onto one of the legs of the Throne, and I will not know whether he was among those whom Allah, exalted is He, exempted, or whether he raised his head before I did. Whoever says that I am better than Jonah son of Matta has lied.” (6)

(1) See: al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:250; Zad al-Masir, 6:195. (2) Al-Suyuti (7:250) attributed it to Said ibn Mansur and Abd ibn Humayd, on the authority of Abu Hurayrah as a mawquf report (a statement of Abu Hurayrah). It is also narrated from Said ibn Jubayr. See also: Maani al-Quran by al-Nahhas, 5:149. (3) See: Zad al-Masir, 6:195; al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:250. (4) It was narrated by al-Firyabi, Abd ibn Humayd, Abu Nasr al-Sijzi in al-Ibanah, and Ibn Mardawayh, on the authority of Anas. See: al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:250. (5) The exclusion of the bearers of the Throne is narrated from Ikrimah in al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:251. (6) Al-Bukhari narrated it in numerous places, including in the exegesis of Surat al-Zumar and in the Book of the Prophets; Muslim narrated it in al-Fadail, chapter: “Among the Virtues of Moses, peace be upon him,” no. 2373, 4:1843–1844; and the author of Sharh al-Sunnah narrated it at 15:105. He said: “This hadith is agreed upon as authentic; both of them narrated it through various chains from Abu Hurayrah.”
الْفَزَعُ إِلَيْهِمْ (١) . وَفِي بَعْضِ الْآثَارِ: "الشُّهَدَاءُ ثَنِيَّةُ اللَّهِ ﷿" (٢) أَيِ: الَّذِينَ اسْتَثْنَاهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. وَقَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ، وَمُقَاتِلٌ: يَعْنِي جِبْرِيلَ، وَمِيكَائِيلَ، وَإِسْرَافِيلَ، وَمَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ، فَلَا يَبْقِى بَعْدَ النَّفْخَةِ إِلَّا هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ، ثُمَّ يَقْبِضُ اللَّهُ رُوحَ مِيكَائِيلَ، ثُمَّ رُوحَ إِسْرَافِيلَ، ثُمَّ رُوحَ مَلَكِ الْمَوْتِ، ثُمَّ رُوحَ جِبْرِيلَ فَيَكُونُ آخِرُهُمْ مُوتًا جِبْرِيلُ ﵇. (٣) . وَيُرْوَى أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ لِمَلِكِ الْمَوْتِ: خُذْ نَفْسَ إِسْرَافِيلَ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: مَنْ بَقِيَ يَا مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ؟ فَيَقُولُ: سُبْحَانَكَ رَبِّي تَبَارَكْتَ وَتَعَالَيْتَ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ، بَقِيَ جِبْرِيلُ وَمِيكَائِيلُ وَمَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ، فَيَقُولُ: خُذْ نَفْسَ مِيكَائِيلَ، فَيَأْخُذُ نَفْسَهُ، فَيَقَعُ كَالطَّوْدِ الْعَظِيمِ، فَيَقُولُ: مَنْ بَقِيَ؟ فَيَقُولُ: سُبْحَانَكَ رَبِّي تَبَارَكْتَ وَتَعَالَيْتَ، بَقِيَ جِبْرِيلُ وَمَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ، فَيَقُولُ: مُتْ يَا مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ، فَيَمُوتُ، فَيَقُولُ: يَا جِبْرِيلُ مَنْ بَقِيَ؟ فَيَقُولُ: تَبَارَكْتَ وَتَعَالَيْتَ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ وَجْهُكَ الْبَاقِي الدَّائِمُ وَجِبْرِيلُ الْمَيِّتُ الْفَانِي، قَالَ: فَيَقُولُ يَا جِبْرِيلُ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ مَوْتِكَ، فَيَقَعُ سَاجِدًا يُخْفِقُ بِجَنَاحَيْهِ فَيُرْوَى أَنَّ فَضْلَ خَلْقِهِ عَلَى فَضْلِ مِيكَائِيلَ كَالطَّوْدِ الْعَظِيمِ عَلَى ظَرْبٍ مِنَ الظِّرَابِ (٤) . وَيُرْوَى أَنَّهُ يَبْقَى مَعَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ حَمَلَةُ الْعَرْشِ (٥) فَيَقْبِضُ رُوحَ جِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ، ثُمَّ أَرْوَاحَ حَمَلَةِ الْعَرْشِ، ثُمَّ رُوحَ إِسْرَافِيلَ، ثُمَّ رُوحَ مَلَكِ الْمَوْتِ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْخَرَقِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الطَّيْسَفُونِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْكُشْمِيهَنِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "يُنْفَخُ فِي الصُّورِ فَيُصْعَقُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا مَنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، ثُمَّ يَنْفُخُ فِيهِ أُخْرَى فَأَكُونُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ، فَإِذَا مُوسَى آخِذٌ بِقَائِمَةٍ مِنْ قَوَائِمِ الْعَرْشِ، فَلَا أدري أكان من اسْتَثْنَى اللَّهُ ﷿ أَمْ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ قَبَلِي؟ وَمَنْ قَالَ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ مَتَّى فَقَدْ كَذَبَ" (٦)
(١) انظر: الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٢٥٠، زاد المسير: ٦ / ١٩٥. (٢) عزاه السيوطي (٧ / ٢٥٠) لسعيد بن منصور وعبد بن حميد، عن أبي هريرة موقوفا. وهو مروي أيضا عن سعيد بن جبير، انظر أيضا: معاني القرآن للنحاس: ٥ / ١٤٩. (٣) انظر: زاد المسير: ٦ / ١٩٥، الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٢٥٠. (٤) رواه الفريابي، وعبد بن حميد، وأبو نصر السجزي في "الإبانة" وابن مردويه عن أنس. انظر: الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٢٥٠. (٥) استثناء حملة العرش مروي عن عكرمة في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٢٥١. (٦) أخرجه البخاري في مواضع كثيرة منها، تفسير سورة الزمر، وفي الأنبياء، ومسلم في الفضائل، باب من فضائل موسى ﵇، برقم (٢٣٧٣) : ٤ / ١٨٤٣-١٨٤٤، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ١٠٥. وقال: "هذا حديث متفق على صحته، أخرجاه من أوجه عن أبي هريرة".

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