Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/139)

It is also related from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, that he would recite poetry in the mosque and ask for it to be recited. It is reported that he summoned Umar ibn Abi Rabi'ah al-Makhzumi and asked him to recite the ode he had composed. He said:

“Will you depart from the family of Nu'm, setting out early
Tomorrow morning—or leave at midday?”

Ibn Abi Rabi'ah recited the ode to its end; it consisted of nearly seventy verses. Ibn Abbas then repeated the entire ode, having memorized it after hearing it only once.

“And they remember Allah much”: that is, poetry did not distract them from the remembrance of Allah. “And they defend themselves after having been wronged.” Muqatil said: “They defended themselves against the idolaters, because the latter had initiated the satire.”

He then warned the poets among the idolaters, saying: “And those who have done wrong”—by associating partners with Allah and satirizing the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace—(1) “will come to know what destination they shall return to”: that is, what place they will return to after death. Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “To Hell and the Blaze.” And Allah knows best. (2)

(1) It has also been said that they are the people of Mecca; and it has been said that they are the polytheists who committed wrongdoing. The correct view is that this verse is general and applies to every wrongdoer. See Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 3:356. (2) This is part of a hadith whose sources have already been cited. It was reported by al-Bukhari in al-Nikah, 9:104, and by Muslim likewise in al-Nikah, 2:1020.

وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُنْشِدُ الشِّعْرَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَيَسْتَنْشِدُهُ؛ فَرُوِيَ أَنَّهُ دَعَا عُمَرَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ الْمَخْزُومِيَّ فَاسْتَنْشَدَهُ الْقَصِيدَةَ الَّتِي قَالَهَا فَقَالَ: أَمِنَ آلِ نُعْمٍ أَنْتَ غَادٍ فَمُبْكِرُ ... غَدَاةَ غَدٍ أَمْ رَائِحٌ فَمُهَجِّرُ فَأَنْشَدَهُ ابْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ الْقَصِيدَةَ إِلَى آخِرِهَا، وَهِيَ قَرِيبَةٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ بَيْتًا، ثُمَّ إِنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَعَادَ الْقَصِيدَةَ جَمِيعَهَا، وَكَانَ حَفِظَهَا بِمَرَّةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ. ﴿وَذَكَرُوا اللَّهَ كَثِيرًا﴾ أَيْ: لَمْ يَشْغَلْهُمُ الشِّعْرُ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ، ﴿وَانْتَصَرُوا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا ظُلِمُوا﴾ قَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: انْتَصَرُوا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، لِأَنَّهُمْ بَدَءُوا بِالْهِجَاءِ. ثُمَّ أَوْعَدَ شُعَرَاءَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ: ﴿وَسَيَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا﴾ أَشْرَكُوا وَهَجَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ (١) ﴿أَيَّ مُنْقَلَبٍ يَنْقَلِبُونَ﴾ أَيَّ مَرْجِعٍ يُرْجَعُونَ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄: إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ وَالسَّعِيرِ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ (٢) .

(١) وقيل المراد بهم أهل مكة، وقيل: الذين ظلموا من المشركين، والصحيح أن هذه الآية عامة في كل ظالم. انظر: تفسير ابن كثير: ٣ / ٣٥٦. (٢) قطعة من حديث تقدم تخريجه، أخرجه البخاري في النكاح: ٩ / ١٠٤، ومسلم في النكاح أيضا: ٢ / ١٠٢٠.