Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (1/204)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Abi Tawbah informed us; Abu Tahir Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Harith informed us; Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub al-Kisa’i informed us; ‘Abd Allah ibn Mahmud informed us; Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Khallal informed us; ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak informed us, from Rashid ibn Sa‘d, from Yahya ibn ‘Abd Allah, from Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Hubuli, from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, from the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, who said: “Fasting and the Quran will intercede for the servant. Fasting will say: ‘My Lord, I kept him from food, drink, and his desires during the day, so accept my intercession for him.’ The Quran will say: ‘My Lord, I kept him from sleep at night, so accept my intercession for him.’ Thus, their intercession will be accepted.” (1)

“And when My servants ask you about Me, indeed I am near. I answer the supplication of the supplicant when he calls upon Me. So let them respond to Me and believe in Me, that they may be rightly guided.” (186)

Regarding His saying: “And when My servants ask you about Me, indeed I am near”: al-Kalbi related from Abu Salih, from Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them, that the Jews of Medina said: “O Muhammad, how does our Lord hear our supplication, when you claim that between us and heaven is a journey of five hundred years, and that the thickness of each heaven is likewise?” Then this verse was revealed.

Al-Dahhak said: Some of the Companions asked the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, saying, “Is our Lord near, so that we may speak to Him privately, or is He far away, so that we must call out to Him?” Thereupon Allah Most High revealed: “And when My servants ask you about Me, indeed I am near.” (2)

It contains an implied phrase, as though He said: “Say to them: I am near to them in knowledge; nothing is hidden from Me,” just as He says: “And We are closer to him than his jugular vein.” (Qaf 16)

‘Abd al-Wahid al-Malihi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il informed us; ‘Abd al-Wahid informed us, from ‘Asim, from Abu ‘Uthman, from Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari, who said: When the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, raided Khaybar—or, he said, when the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, set out for Khaybar—the people came upon a valley and raised their voices in declaring Allah’s greatness: “Allah is Most Great, Allah is Most Great; none is worthy of worship but Allah.” The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, said: “Take it easy on yourselves. You are not calling upon one who is deaf or absent; rather, you are calling upon One who hears and is near, and He is with you.” (3)

(1) Al-Hakim narrated it in al-Mustadrak, 1:554. Al-Mundhiri said: “Ahmad and al-Tabarani narrated it in al-Kabir, and its transmitters are among those relied upon in the Sahih. Ibn Abi al-Dunya and others narrated it in Kitab al-Ju' with a sound chain, and al-Hakim declared it authentic according to the criteria of Muslim.” See al-Mundhiri, al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, 2:84. (2) We have not located the first report, but its chain contains al-Kalbi, who is a liar (al-Taqrib). As for the second report, Ibn Jarir, al-Baghawi in his Mu'jam, Ibn Abi Hatim, Abu al-Shaykh, and Ibn Mardawayh narrated it through Salt ibn Hakim, from an Ansari man, from his father, from his grandfather, who said: “A man came ...” Then Allah revealed: “And when My servants ask you concerning Me” [Quran 2:186]. Al-Durr al-Manthur, 1:469. (3) Al-Bukhari narrated it in the Book of Tawhid, chapter, “And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Seeing,” 13:372. Muslim narrated it in the Book of Remembrance, Supplication, and Repentance, chapter, “The recommendation to lower one’s voice in remembrance,” no. 4704, 4:2076.

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي تَوْبَةَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْكِسَائِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَحْمُودٍ أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَلَّالُ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحُبُلِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ﵄ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "الصِّيَامُ وَالْقُرْآنُ يَشْفَعَانِ لِلْعَبْدِ يَقُولُ الصِّيَامُ: أَيْ رَبِّ إِنِّي مَنَعْتُهُ الطَّعَامَ وَالشَّرَابَ وَالشَّهَوَاتِ بِالنَّهَارِ فَشَفِّعْنِي فِيهِ، وَيَقُولُ الْقُرْآنُ رَبِّ إِنِّي مَنَعْتُهُ النَّوْمَ بِاللَّيْلِ فَشَفِّعْنِي فِيهِ فَيُشَفَّعَانِ" (١) . ﴿وَإِذَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادِي عَنِّي فَإِنِّي قَرِيبٌ أُجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ الدَّاعِ إِذَا دَعَانِ فَلْيَسْتَجِيبُوا لِي وَلْيُؤْمِنُوا بِي لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْشُدُونَ (١٨٦) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَإِذَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادِي عَنِّي فَإِنِّي قَرِيبٌ﴾ رَوَى الْكَلْبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄، قَالَ: قَالَ يَهُودُ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ كَيْفَ يَسْمَعُ رَبُّنَا دُعَاءَنَا وَأَنْتَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ مَسِيرَةَ خَمْسِمِائَةِ عَامٍ وَإِنَّ غِلَظَ كُلِّ سَمَاءٍ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ، فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ، وَقَالَ الضَّحَّاكُ: سَأَلَ بَعْضُ الصَّحَابَةِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ، فَقَالُوا أَقَرِيبٌ رَبُّنَا فَنُنَاجِيهِ أَمْ بِعِيدٌ فَنُنَادِيهِ؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: "وَإِذَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادِي عَنِّي فَإِنِّي قَرِيبٌ" (٢) وَفِيهِ إِضْمَارٌ كَأَنَّهُ قَالَ: فَقُلْ لَهُمْ إِنِّي قَرِيبٌ مِنْهُمْ بِالْعِلْمِ لَا يَخْفَى عَلَيَّ شَيْءٌ كَمَا قَالَ "وَنَحْنُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ حَبْلِ الْوَرِيدِ" (١٦-ق) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعَيْمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا غَزَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَيْبَرَ أَوْ قَالَ: لَمَّا تَوَجَّهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ، أَشْرَفَ النَّاسُ عَلَى وَادٍ فَرَفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَهُمْ بِالتَّكْبِيرِ: اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَرْبِعُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ إِنَّكُمْ لَا تَدْعُونَ أَصَمَّ وَلَا غَائِبًا إِنَّكُمْ تَدْعُونَ سَمِيعًا قَرِيبًا وَهُوَ مَعَكُمْ" (٣) .

(١) أخرجه الحاكم في المستدرك: ١ / ٥٥٤. قال المنذري رواه أحمد والطبراني في الكبير، ورجاله محتج بهم في الصحيح، ورواه ابن أبي الدنيا في كتاب الجوع وغيره بإسناد حسن والحاكم وقال صحيح على شرط مسلم. انظر الترغيب والترهيب للمنذري ٢ / ٨٤. (٢) لم نقف على الراوية الأولى ولكن في سندها الكلبي وهو كذاب (التقريب) . وأما الرواية الثانية فقد أخرجها ابن جرير والبغوي في معجمه وابن أبي حاتم وأبو الشيخ وابن مردويه من طريق الصلت بن حكيم عن رجل من الأنصار عن أبيه عن جده قال: جاء رجل ... فأنزل الله (وإذا سألك عبادي عني) الدر المنثور: ١ / ٤٦٩. (٣) رواه البخاري، في التوحيد - باب: وكان الله سميعا بصيرا ١٣ / ٣٧٢. ومسلم: في الذكر والدعاء والتوبة - باب استحباب خفض الصوت بالذكر برقم (٤٧٠٤) ٤ / ٢٠٧٦.