Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/66)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“But when you enter houses, greet one another with peace”—that is, some of you should greet others. This applies when a man enters his own home: he should greet his family and whoever else is in his house. This was the view of Jabir, Tawus, al-Zuhri, Qatadah, al-Dahhak, and Amr ibn Dinar (1).

Qatadah said: “When you enter your home, greet your family with peace, for they are the most deserving of your greeting. If you enter a house in which there is no one, then say: ‘Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah.’ We have been told that the angels return the greeting to him.” (2)

Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “If there is no one in the house, then let him say: ‘Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah. Peace and the mercy of Allah be upon the people of the house.’”

Amr ibn Dinar narrated from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, regarding the saying of Allah Most High, “But when you enter houses, greet one another with peace”: “When you enter the mosque, say: ‘Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah.’” (3) (4)

“A greeting from Allah, blessed and good”: this is in the accusative as a verbal noun; that is, you greet one another with a greeting—“blessed and good.” Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “Fine and beautiful.” It was also said that blessing and goodness are mentioned here because of the reward and recompense they contain.

“Thus Allah makes clear to you the signs, so that you may understand.”

(1) See Zad al-Masir, 6:67. (2) Al-Suyuti, 6:228, attributed it to Abd ibn Humayd, Ibn Abi Hatim, and al-Bayhaqi. (3) Reported by al-Tabari, 18:174, and authenticated by al-Hakim according to the criteria of the two Shaykhs, 2:401. Al-Suyuti further attributed it to Abd al-Razzaq, Ibn al-Mundhir, and Ibn Abi Hatim. (4) Al-Tabari said, 18:175: “The soundest view is that of those who interpret it to mean: ‘When you enter houses belonging to Muslims, let some of you greet others.’ For Allah, exalted is He, says, ‘When you enter houses,’ without specifying one type of house rather than another; and He says, ‘Greet yourselves,’ meaning, greet one another. Since He did not restrict this to certain houses rather than others, it is understood to include all of them, whether mosques or otherwise. The meaning of His saying, ‘Greet yourselves,’ is analogous to His saying, ‘Do not kill yourselves.’” See also al-Qurtubi, 12:318.

﴿فَإِذَا دَخَلْتُمْ بُيُوتًا فَسَلِّمُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ﴾ أَيْ: يُسَلِّمُ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ، هَذَا فِي دُخُولِ الرَّجُلِ بَيْتَ نَفْسِهِ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَمَنْ فِي بَيْتِهِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ جَابِرٍ وَطَاوُسٍ وَالزُّهْرِيِّ وَقَتَادَةَ وَالضَّحَاكِ وَعَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ (١) . وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: إِذَا دَخَلْتَ بَيْتَكَ فَسَلِّمْ عَلَى أَهْلِكَ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ مَنْ سَلَّمْتَ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِذَا دَخَلَتْ بَيْتًا لَا أَحَدَ فِيهِ فَقُلْ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ. حُدِّثْنَا أَنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ تَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ (٢) وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄ قَالَ: إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي الْبَيْتِ أَحَدٌ فَلْيَقُلْ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ، السَّلَامُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ. وَرَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (٣) ﵄ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿فَإِذَا دَخَلْتُمْ بُيُوتًا فَسَلِّمُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ﴾ قَالَ: إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَقُلْ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ (٤) ﴿تَحِيَّةً مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ﴾ نُصْبٌ عَلَى الْمَصْدَرِ، أَيْ: تُحَيُّونَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ تَحِيَّةً، ﴿مُبَارَكَةً طَيِّبَةً﴾ وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄: حَسَنَةٌ جَمِيلَةٌ. وَقِيلَ: ذَكَرَ الْبَرَكَةَ وَالطِّيبَةَ هَاهُنَا لِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الثَّوَابِ وَالْأَجْرِ ﴿كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمُ الْآيَاتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ﴾

(١) انظر: زاد المسير: ٦ / ٦٧. (٢) عزاه السيوطي: (٦ / ٢٢٨) لعبد بن حميد وابن أبي حاتم والبيهقي. (٣) أخرجه الطبري: ١٨ / ١٧٤، وصححه الحاكم على شرط الشيخين: ٢ / ٤٠١، وزاد السيوطي نسبته لعبد الرزاق وابن المنذر وابن أبي حاتم. (٤) قال الطبري: (١٨ / ١٧٥) : "وأولى الأقوال في ذلك بالصواب، قول من قال معناه: فإذا دخلتم بيوتا من بيوت المسلمين فليسلم بعضكم على بعض..، لأن الله جل ثناؤه قال: "فإذا دخلتم بيوتا" ولم يخصص من ذلك بيتا دون بيت، وقال: "فسلموا على أنفسكم" يعني: بعضكم على بعض، فكان معلوما إذ لم يخصص ذلك على بعض البيوت دون بعض، أنه معني به جميعها، مساجدها وغير مساجدها. ومعنى قوله: "فسلموا على أنفسكم" نظير قوله: "ولا تقتلوا أنفسكم"، وانظر: القرطبي ١٢ / ٣١٨.