Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (6/33)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

It is also narrated from Jarir ibn Abd Allah that he said: I asked the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, about an inadvertent glance, and he said: “Turn your gaze away.” (1)

Ismail ibn Abd al-Qahir informed us; Abd al-Ghafir ibn Muhammad informed us; Muhammad ibn Isa al-Juludi narrated to us; Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Sufyan narrated to us; Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj narrated to us; Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah informed us; Zayd ibn al-Hubab informed us, from al-Dahhak ibn Uthman, who said: Zayd ibn Aslam informed me, from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi سعيد al-Khudri, from his father, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “A man must not look at another man’s private parts, nor may a woman look at another woman’s private parts. Nor may a man lie closely with another man under a single garment, nor may a woman lie closely with another woman under a single garment.” (2)

“And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and guard their private parts, and not display their adornment except what ordinarily appears thereof. Let them draw their head-coverings over their bosoms, and not display their adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands’ fathers, their sons, their husbands’ sons, their brothers, their brothers’ sons, their sisters’ sons, their women, those whom their right hands possess, male attendants who have no desire, or children who are not yet aware of women’s private matters. Nor should they stamp their feet so as to reveal what they conceal of their adornment. And turn to Allah in repentance, all together, O believers, so that you may prosper.” (31)

His saying, glorified and exalted is He, “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze,” means: from that which is not lawful. “And guard their private parts,” from those to whom they are not lawful. It was also said that “guard their private parts” means: conceal them, so that no one may see them.

It is narrated from Umm Salamah that she and Maymunah were with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, when Ibn Umm Maktum came and entered upon him. This was after we had been commanded to observe hijab. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Veil yourselves from him.” I said, “O Messenger of Allah, is he not blind and unable to see us?” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Are you two blind as well? Do you not see him?” (3)

(1) Recorded by Muslim in al-Adab (Etiquette), chapter: “The sudden glance,” no. 2159, 3:1699; and cited by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 9:23. (2) Recorded by Muslim in al-Hayd (Menstruation), chapter: “The prohibition of looking at the awrahs,” no. 338, 1:266; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 9:20. (3) Recorded by Abu Dawud in al-Libas (Dress), chapter concerning Allah’s statement, “Tell the believing women to lower their gaze,” 6:60-61; and by al-Tirmidhi in al-Adab (Etiquette), chapter: “What has been related concerning women veiling themselves from men,” 8:61-62. He said: “This hadith is hasan sahih.” Al-Mundhiri also attributed it to al-Nasai. It was recorded by Imam Ahmad, 6:296, and cited by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 9:24. Abu Dawud said: “This applies specifically to the wives of the Prophet. Do you not see that Fatimah bint Qays observed her waiting period with Ibn Umm Maktum? The Prophet said to Fatimah bint Qays: ‘Observe your waiting period with Ibn Umm Maktum, for he is a blind man before whom you may remove your outer garments.’” See Awn al-Mabud, 11:170.

وَرُوِيَ عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْ نَظْرَةِ الْفَجْأَةِ فَقَالَ: "اصْرِفْ بَصَرَكَ" (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْقَاهِرِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْغَافِرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْجُلُودِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، أَخْبَرَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي زَيْدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "لَا يَنْظُرِ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى عَوْرَةِ الرَّجُلِ، وَلَا الْمَرْأَةُ إِلَى عَوْرَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ، وَلَا يُفْضِي الرَّجُلُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ، وَلَا تُفْضِي الْمَرْأَةُ إِلَى الْمَرْأَةِ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ" (٢) . ﴿وَقُلْ لِلْمُؤْمِنَاتِ يَغْضُضْنَ مِنْ أَبْصَارِهِنَّ وَيَحْفَظْنَ فُرُوجَهُنَّ وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَلْيَضْرِبْنَ بِخُمُرِهِنَّ عَلَى جُيُوبِهِنَّ وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا لِبُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ آبَائِهِنَّ أَوْ آبَاءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ أَبْنَائِهِنَّ أَوْ أَبْنَاءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ إِخْوَانِهِنَّ أَوْ بَنِي إِخْوَانِهِنَّ أَوْ بَنِي أَخَوَاتِهِنَّ أَوْ نِسَائِهِنَّ أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُهُنَّ أَوِ التَّابِعِينَ غَيْرِ أُولِي الْإِرْبَةِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ أَوِ الطِّفْلِ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَى عَوْرَاتِ النِّسَاءِ وَلَا يَضْرِبْنَ بِأَرْجُلِهِنَّ لِيُعْلَمَ مَا يُخْفِينَ مِنْ زِينَتِهِنَّ وَتُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ جَمِيعًا أَيُّهَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ (٣١) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿وَقُلْ لِلْمُؤْمِنَاتِ يَغْضُضْنَ مِنْ أَبْصَارِهِنَّ﴾ عَمَّا لَا يَحِلُّ، ﴿وَيَحْفَظْنَ فُرُوجَهُنَّ﴾ عَمَّنْ لَا يَحِلُّ. وَقِيلَ أَيْضًا: "يَحْفَظْنَ فُرُوجَهُنَّ" يَعْنِي: يَسْتُرْنَهَا حَتَّى لَا يَرَاهَا أَحَدٌ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَمَيْمُونَةَ إِذْ أَقْبَلَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَدَخْلَ عَلَيْهِ، وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَمَا أُمِرْنَا بِالْحِجَابِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: احْتَجِبَا مِنْهُ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَيْسَ هُوَ أَعْمَى لَا يُبْصِرُنَا؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَفَعَمْيَاوَانِ أَنْتُمَا، أَلَسْتُمَا تُبْصِرَانِهِ"؟ (٣)

(١) أخرجه مسلم في الآداب، باب: نظرة الفجأة برقم: (٢١٥٩) : ٣ / ١٦٩٩ وذكره المصنف في شرح السنة: ٩ / ٢٣. (٢) أخرجه مسلم في الحيض، باب تحريم النظر إلى العورات برقم: (٣٣٨) : ١ / ٢٦٦ والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٩ / ٢٠. (٣) أخرجه أبو داود في اللباس، باب في قوله تعالى: "وقل للمؤمنات يغضضن من أبصارهن" ٦ / ٦٠-٦١ والترمذي في الأدب، باب: ما جاء في احتجاب النساء من الرجال: ٨ / ٦١-٦٢ وقال: "هذا حديث حسن صحيح". وعزاه المنذري للنسائي، وأخرجه الإمام أحمد: ٦ / ٢٩٦ وذكره المصنف في شرح السنة: ٩ / ٢٤. وقال أبو داود: "هذا لأزواج النبي ﷺ خاصة، ألا ترى إلى اعتداد فاطمة بنت قيس عند ابن أم مكتوم، وقد قال النبي ﷺ لفاطمة بنت قيس: "اعتدي عند ابن أم مكتوم، فإنه رجل أعمى تضعين ثيابك عنده"، وانظر: عون المعبود: ١١ / ١٧٠.