Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/424)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

of them for turning away from him after they had recognized his truthfulness and trustworthiness.

“Or do they say, ‘He is possessed by madness’? Rather, he has brought them the truth, but most of them are averse to the truth. (70) Had the Truth followed their desires, the heavens, the earth, and all who are in them would surely have been corrupted. Rather, We have brought them their reminder, yet they turn away from their reminder. (71) Or do you ask them for payment? But your Lord’s reward is better, and He is the best of providers. (72) Indeed, you call them to a straight path. (73) Yet those who do not believe in the Hereafter surely deviate from the path. (74)”

“Or do they say, ‘He is possessed by madness’?” That is, madness. But this is not so. “Rather, he has brought them the truth”: that is, truthfulness and a statement whose soundness and excellence are evident to every rational person. “But most of them are averse to the truth.”

“Had the Truth followed their desires”: Ibn Jurayj, Muqatil, al-Suddi, and a group of scholars said that “the Truth” here refers to Allah; that is, had Allah followed what they wanted in what He does. It was also said: had He followed what they wanted and ascribed to Himself a partner and a child, as they claim, “the heavens and the earth would surely have been corrupted.”

Al-Farra and al-Zajjaj said that “the Truth” refers to the Quran; that is, had the Quran been sent down in accordance with their desire to ascribe a partner and a child to Allah, as they believe, “the heavens, the earth, and all who are in them would surely have been corrupted.” This is like His saying, exalted is He: “Had there been in them gods besides Allah, they both would surely have been ruined” (al-Anbiya 22).

“Rather, We have brought them their reminder”: that is, that which reminds them. Ibn Abbas said: it means that in which lie their pride and honor—namely, the Quran. It is like His saying, exalted is He: “We have certainly sent down to you a Book in which is your honor” (al-Anbiya 10); that is, your distinction. And: “Indeed, it is an honor for you and your people” (al-Zukhruf 44); that is, an honor for you and your people.

“Yet they turn away from their reminder”: that is, from their honor. “Or do you ask them,” in return for what you have brought them, “for payment”—a wage or compensation? “But your Lord’s reward is better”: that is, what Allah gives you of His provision and reward is better. “And He is the best of providers.”

Hamzah and al-Kisa’i recited both words with a long a vowel; Ibn Amir recited both without it; while the others recited the first without a long a vowel and the second with one.

“Indeed, you call them to a straight path”: namely, Islam. “Yet those who do not believe in the Hereafter surely deviate from the path”: that is, from the religion of truth; they turn aside and incline away from it.

لَهُمْ عَلَى الْإِعْرَاضِ عَنْهُ بَعْدَمَا عَرَفُوهُ بِالصِّدْقِ وَالْأَمَانَةِ. ﴿أَمْ يَقُولُونَ بِهِ جِنَّةٌ بَلْ جَاءَهُمْ بِالْحَقِّ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ لِلْحَقِّ كَارِهُونَ (٧٠) وَلَوِ اتَّبَعَ الْحَقُّ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ لَفَسَدَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ بَلْ أَتَيْنَاهُمْ بِذِكْرِهِمْ فَهُمْ عَنْ ذِكْرِهِمْ مُعْرِضُونَ (٧١) أَمْ تَسْأَلُهُمْ خَرْجًا فَخَرَاجُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ (٧٢) وَإِنَّكَ لَتَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ (٧٣) وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ عَنِ الصِّرَاطِ لَنَاكِبُونَ (٧٤) ﴾ ﴿أَمْ يَقُولُونَ بِهِ جِنَّةٌ﴾ جُنُونٌ، وَلَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ، ﴿بَلْ جَاءَهُمْ بِالْحَقِّ﴾ يَعْنِي بِالصِّدْقِ وَالْقَوْلِ الَّذِي لَا تَخْفَى صِحَّتُهُ وَحُسْنُهُ عَلَى عَاقِلٍ، ﴿وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ لِلْحَقِّ كَارِهُونَ﴾ ﴿وَلَوِ اتَّبَعَ الْحَقُّ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَمُقَاتِلٌ وَالسُّدِّيُّ وَجَمَاعَةٌ: "الْحَقُّ" هُوَ اللَّهُ، أَيْ: لَوِ اتَّبَعَ اللَّهُ مُرَادَهُمْ فِيمَا يَفْعَلُ، وَقِيلَ: لَوِ اتَّبَعَ مُرَادَهُمْ، فَسَمَّى لِنَفْسِهِ شَرِيكًا وَوَلَدًا كَمَا يَقُولُونَ: ﴿لَفَسَدَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ﴾ وَقَالَ الْفرَّاءُ وَالزَّجَّاجُ: وَالْمُرَادُ بِالْحَقِّ الْقُرْآنُ أَيْ: لَوْ نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ بِمَا يُحِبُّونَ مِنْ جَعْلِ الشَّرِيكِ وَالْوَلَدِ عَلَى مَا يَعْتَقِدُونَهُ ﴿لَفَسَدَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ﴾ وَهُوَ كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: "لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِمَا آلِهَةٌ إِلَّا اللَّهُ لَفَسَدَتَا" (الْأَنْبِيَاءِ -٢٢) . ﴿بَلْ أَتَيْنَاهُمْ بِذِكْرِهِمْ﴾ بِمَا يُذَكِّرُهُمْ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: أَيْ: بِمَا فِيهِ فَخْرُهُمْ وَشَرَفُهُمْ، يَعْنِي الْقُرْآنَ، فَهُوَ كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: لَقَدْ أَنْزَلْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ كِتَابًا فِيهِ ذِكْرُكُمْ" (الْأَنْبِيَاءِ -١٠) ، أَيْ: شَرَفُكُمْ، "وَإِنَّهُ لَذِكْرٌ لَكَ وَلِقَوْمِكَ" (الزُّخْرُفِ -٤٤) ، أَيْ: شَرَفٌ لَكَ وَلِقَوْمِكَ. ﴿فَهُمْ عَنْ ذِكْرِهِمْ﴾ يَعْنِي عَنْ شَرَفِهِمْ، ﴿مُعْرِضُونَ﴾ ﴿أَمْ تَسْأَلُهُمْ﴾ عَلَى مَا جِئْتَهُمْ بِهِ، ﴿خَرْجًا﴾ أَجْرًا وَجُعْلًا ﴿فَخَرَاجُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ﴾ أَيْ: مَا يُعْطِيكَ اللَّهُ مِنْ رِزْقِهِ وَثَوَابِهِ خَيْرٌ، ﴿وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ﴾ قَرَأَ حَمْزَةُ وَالْكِسَائِيُّ: "خَرَاجًا" "فَخَرَاجُ" كِلَاهُمَا بِالْأَلِفِ، وَقَرَأَ ابْنُ عَامِرٍ كِلَاهُمَا بِغَيْرِ أَلِفٍ، وَقَرَأَ الْآخَرُونَ: "خَرْجًا" بِغَيْرِ أَلِفٍ "فَخَرَاجُ" بِالْأَلِفِ. ﴿وَإِنَّكَ لَتَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ﴾ وَهُوَ الْإِسْلَامُ. ﴿وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ عَنِ الصِّرَاطِ﴾ أَيْ: عَنْ دِينِ الْحَقِّ، ﴿لَنَاكِبُونَ﴾ لَعَادِلُونَ مَائِلُونَ.