Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/421)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

and those who give what they give while their hearts are fearful, because they will return to their Lord. (60)

“Do We hasten good things for them?” That is, We hasten good things to them and grant them in advance as a reward for their deeds, out of Our good pleasure with them. “Rather, they do not perceive” that this is a gradual leading-on for them. Then He mentioned those who hasten to do good, saying: “Indeed, those who stand in awe for fear of their Lord”—that is, they are afraid; apprehension means fear. The meaning is that, because of their fear of Allah, the believers are fearful of His punishment. Al-Hasan al-Basri said: “The believer is one who combines righteous conduct with fear, whereas the hypocrite is one who combines evil conduct with a sense of security.” (1)

“And those who believe in the signs of their Lord”: they affirm them as true. “And those who do not associate any partners with their Lord.” “And those who give what they give”: that is, they give the zakah and charitable donations that have been given to them. It was also reported from Aisha that she used to recite, “And those who do what they have done,” (2) meaning: they perform the righteous deeds they perform. “While their hearts are fearful”: that is, they fear that this will not save them from Allah’s punishment and that their deeds will not be accepted from them. “Because they will return to their Lord”: for they are certain that they will return to Allah, exalted is He. Al-Hasan said: “They acted in obedience to Allah [and strove diligently therein], (3) yet feared that their deeds would be rejected from them.”

Abu Sa'id al-Shurayhi informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Tha'labi informed us; Abd Allah ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Hamid informed us; Muhammad ibn al-Jahm related to us; Abd Allah ibn Amr informed us; Waki' informed us, from Malik ibn Mighwal, from Abd al-Rahman ibn Sa'id ibn Wahb, from Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: I said, “O Messenger of Allah, concerning ‘and those who give what they give while their hearts are fearful’: is this the one who commits adultery, drinks wine, and steals?” He said: “No, O daughter of al-Siddiq. Rather, it is the man who fasts, prays, and gives charity, yet fears that it will not be accepted from him.” (4)

(1) Reported by al-Tabari, 18:32. (2) Reported by al-Tabari, 18:33. (3) The text between the brackets is omitted in manuscript A. (4) Reported by al-Tirmidhi, in Tafsir, under the commentary on Surah al-Mu'minun, 9:19-20; Imam Ahmad, 6:159, 206; al-Hakim, 2:393-394, who said: “This hadith has an authentic chain of transmission, though al-Bukhari and Muslim did not report it.” Al-Dhahabi concurred. It was also reported by al-Tabari, 18:34. See also al-Durr al-Manthur, 6:105; Silsilat al-Ahadith al-Sahihah, 1:255-256.

﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْتُونَ مَا آتَوْا وَقُلُوبُهُمْ وَجِلَةٌ أَنَّهُمْ إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ رَاجِعُونَ (٦٠) ﴾ ﴿نُسَارِعُ لَهُمْ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ﴾ أي: نجعل لَهُمْ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ، وَنُقَدِّمُهَا ثَوَابًا لِأَعْمَالِهِمْ لِمَرْضَاتِنَا عَنْهُمْ، ﴿بَلْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ﴾ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ اسْتِدْرَاجٌ لَهُمْ. ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْمُسَارِعِينَ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ فَقَالَ: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ هُمْ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ رَبِّهِمْ مُشْفِقُونَ﴾ أَيْ: خَائِفُونَ، وَالْإِشْفَاقُ: الْخَوْفُ، وَالْمَعْنَى أَنَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ خَائِفُونَ مِنْ عِقَابِهِ، قَالَ الْحَسَنُ الْبَصْرِيُّ: الْمُؤْمِنُ مَنْ جَمَعَ إِحْسَانًا وَخَشْيَةً، وَالْمُنَافِقُ مَنْ جَمَعَ إِسَاءَةً وَأَمْنًا (١) . ﴿وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ﴾ يُصَدِّقُونَ. ﴿وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ بِرَبِّهِمْ لَا يُشْرِكُونَ﴾ . ﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْتُونَ مَا آتَوْا﴾ أَيْ: يُعْطُونَ مَا أُعْطُوا مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ وَالصَّدَقَاتِ، وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَقْرَأُ "وَالَّذِينَ يَأْتُونَ مَا أَتَوْا" (٢) أَيْ: يَعْمَلُونَ مَا عَمِلُوا مِنْ أَعْمَالِ الْبِرِّ، ﴿وَقُلُوبُهُمْ وَجِلَةٌ﴾ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يُنْجِيهِمْ مِنْ عَذَابِ اللَّهِ وَأَنَّ أَعْمَالَهُمْ لَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُمْ، ﴿أَنَّهُمْ إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ رَاجِعُونَ﴾ لِأَنَّهُمْ يُوقِنُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ إِلَى اللَّهِ ﷿. قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: عَمِلُوا لِلَّهِ بِالطَّاعَاتِ [وَاجْتَهَدُوا فِيهَا] (٣) وَخَافُوا أَنْ تُرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الشُّرَيْحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَامِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْجَهْمِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، أَخْبَرَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ مِغْوَلٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ﵂ قَالَتْ: قَلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْتُونَ مَا آتَوْا وَقُلُوبُهُمْ وَجِلَةٌ﴾ أَهْوَ الَّذِي يَزْنِي وَيَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ وَيَسْرِقُ؟ قَالَ: "لَا يَا بِنْتَ الصَّدِيقِ، وَلَكِنَّهُ الرَّجُلُ يَصُومُ وَيُصَلِّي وَيَتَصَدَّقُ وَيَخَافُ أَنْ لَا يُقْبَلَ مِنْهُ" (٤) .

(١) أخرجه الطبري: ١٨ / ٣٢. (٢) أخرجه الطبري: ١٨ / ٣٣. (٣) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "أ". (٤) أخرجه الترمذي في التفسير، تفسير سورة المؤمنون: ٩ / ١٩ - ٢٠ والإمام أحمد: ٦ / ١٥٩، ٢٠٦، والحاكم: ٢ / ٣٩٣ - ٣٩٤ وقال: هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد ولم يخرجاه، ووافقه الذهبي، والطبري: ١٨ / ٣٤. وانظر: الدر المنثور: ٦ / ١٠٥، سلسلة الأحاديث الصحيحة: ١ / ٢٥٥ - ٢٥٦.