Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/381)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

and Ibn Abbas said: “Removing the untidiness comprises all the rites of Hajj.” Mujahid said: It comprises the rites of Hajj, trimming the moustache, plucking the underarm hair, shaving the pubic hair, and clipping the nails. It was also said that, here, untidiness means stoning the pillars. Al-Zajjaj said: “We know the word tafath (untidiness), and its meaning, only from the Quran.”

His saying, exalted is He, “and let them fulfil their vows”: Mujahid said: This refers to the vows of Hajj and sacrificial offerings, and whatever a person vows concerning something connected with Hajj—that is, let them complete them by fulfilling them. It was also said that what is intended is fulfilling whatever one has vowed, according to its apparent meaning. Another view holds that it means being discharged from whatever has become obligatory upon him, whether he made a vow or not. The Arabs say of anyone who has discharged an obligation incumbent upon him, “He has fulfilled his vow.”

Asim, in the transmission of Abu Bakr, recited it as wa-liyuwaffu, with the waw vowelled with a fatḥah and the fa doubled.

“And let them circumambulate the Ancient House”: this refers to the obligatory circumambulation, namely the Tawaf al-Ifadah on the Day of Sacrifice, after stoning the pillars and shaving the head.

There are three kinds of tawaf. The first is the Tawaf of Arrival: when someone arrives in Mecca, he circumambulates the House seven times, performing ramal for three circuits from the Black Stone until he returns to it, and walking for four. This tawaf is a sunnah; nothing is due from one who omits it.

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad al-Numaymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Ismail informed us; Ahmad—who was Abu Isa—informed us; Ibn Wahb informed us; Amr ibn al-Harith informed us, from Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Nawfal al-Qurashi, who asked Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, and he said: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, performed Hajj, and Aishah informed me that the first thing he did upon arriving was to perform ablution and then circumambulate the House; then it was not an Umrah. Abu Bakr then performed Hajj, and the first thing he did was circumambulate the House; then it was not an Umrah. Then Umar did likewise. Then Uthman performed Hajj, and I saw that the first thing he did was circumambulate the House. (1)

Abd al-Wahhab ibn Muhammad al-Kisa'i informed us; Abd al-Aziz ibn Ahmad al-Khallal informed us; Abu al-Abbas al-Asamm informed us; al-Rabi informed us; al-Shafii informed us; Anas ibn Iyad informed us, from Musa ibn Uqbah, from Nafi, from Ibn Umar, from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, that whenever he performed tawaf in Hajj or Umrah upon first arriving, he performed ramal for three circuits and walked for four; then he prayed two rak'ahs, and then performed sa'i seven times between Safa and Marwah. (2)

The second tawaf is the Tawaf al-Ifadah on the Day of Sacrifice, after stoning the pillars and shaving the head. It is obligatory, and one does not exit the state of ihram until one performs it.

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in the Book of Hajj, chapter: Performing tawaf while in a state of ablution, 3:496; and by Muslim in the Book of Hajj, chapter: What is required of one who circumambulates the House and performs sa'i, no. 1235, 2:906-907; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 7:101-102. (2) Narrated by al-Bukhari in the Book of Hajj, chapter: One who circumambulates the House upon arriving in Mecca, 3:477; and by Muslim in the Book of Hajj, chapter: The recommendation of ramal in tawaf and umrah, no. 1261, 2:920; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 7:104; and by al-Shafi'i in al-Musnad, 1:347.

وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: "قَضَاءُ التَّفَثِ": مَنَاسِكُ الْحَجِّ كُلُّهَا. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: هُوَ مَنَاسِكُ الْحَجِّ، وَأَخْذُ الشَّارِبِ، وَنَتْفُ الْإِبِطِ، وَحَلْقُ الْعَانَةِ، وَقَلْمُ الْأَظْفَارِ. وَقِيلَ: التَّفَثُ هَاهُنَا رَمْيُ الْجِمَارِ. قَالَ الزَّجَّاجُ: لَا نَعْرِفُ التَّفَثَ وَمَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ. قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَلْيُوفُوا نُذُورَهُمْ﴾ قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: أَرَادَ نَذْرَ الْحَجِّ وَالْهَدْيِ وَمَا يُنْذِرُ الْإِنْسَانُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ يَكُونُ فِي الْحَجِّ أَيْ: لِيُتِمُّوهَا بِقَضَائِهَا. وَقِيلَ: الْمُرَادُ مِنْهُ الْوَفَاءُ بِمَا نَذَرَ عَلَى ظَاهِرِهِ. وَقِيلَ: أَرَادَ بِهِ الْخُرُوجَ. عَمَّا وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ نَذَرَ أَوْ لَمْ يَنْذِرْ. وَالْعَرَبُ تَقُولُ لِكُلِّ مَنْ خَرَجَ عَنِ الْوَاجِبِ عَلَيْهِ وَفَّى بِنَذْرِهِ. وَقَرَأَ عَاصِمٌ بِرِوَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ "وَلِيُوَفُّوا" بِنَصْبِ الْوَاوِ وَتَشْدِيدِ الْفَاءِ. ﴿وَلْيَطَّوَّفُوا بِالْبَيْتِ الْعَتِيقِ﴾ أَرَادَ بِهِ الطَّوَافَ الْوَاجِبَ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ طَوَافُ الْإِفَاضَةِ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ بَعْدَ الرَّمْيِ وَالْحَلْقِ. وَالطَّوَافُ ثَلَاثَةُ: طَوَافُ الْقُدُومِ، وَهُوَ أَنَّ مَنْ قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ سَبْعًا يَرْمُلُ ثَلَاثًا مِنَ الْحَجَرِ الْأَسْوَدِ إِلَى أَنْ يَنْتَهِيَ إِلَيْهِ وَيَمْشِي أَرْبَعًا، وَهَذَا الطَّوَافُ سُنَّةٌ لَا شَيْءَ عَلَى مَنْ تَرَكَهُ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ النُّعَيْمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ هُوَ أَبُو عِيسَى، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ فَقَالَ: قَدْ حَجَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ أَنَّهُ أَوَّلُ شَيْءٍ بَدَأَ بِهِ حِينَ قَدِمَ أَنَّهُ تَوَضَّأَ ثُمَّ طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكُنْ عُمْرَةً، ثُمَّ حَجَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ شَيْءٍ بَدَأَ بِهِ الطَّوَافُ بِالْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكُنْ عُمْرَةً، ثُمَّ عُمْرُ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ حَجَّ عُثْمَانُ فَرَأَيْتُهُ أَوَّلَ شَيْءٍ بَدَأَ بِهِ الطَّوَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكِسَائِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْخَلَّالُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا الرَّبِيعُ، أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا طَافَ فِي الْحَجِّ أَوِ الْعُمْرَةِ أَوَّلَ مَا يَقْدَمُ يَسْعَى ثَلَاثَةَ أَطْوَافٍ وَيَمْشِي أَرْبَعًا، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي سَجْدَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ يَطُوفُ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ سَبْعًا (٢) . وَالطَّوَافُ الثَّانِي: هُوَ طَوَافُ الْإِفَاضَةِ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ بَعْدَ الرَّمْيِ وَالْحَلْقِ، وَهُوَ وَاجِبٌ لَا يَحْصُلُ التَّحَلُّلُ مِنَ الْإِحْرَامِ مَا لَمْ يَأْتِ بِهِ.

(١) أخرجه البخاري في الحج، باب: الطواف على وضوء: ٣ / ٤٩٦، ومسلم في الحج، باب: ما يلزم من طاف بالبيت وسعى برقم: (١٢٣٥) ٢ / ٩٠٦ - ٩٠٧، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٧ / ١٠١ - ١٠٢. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في الحج، باب: من طاف بالبيت إذا قدم مكة: ٣ / ٤٧٧ ومسلم في الحج، باب: استحباب الرمل في الطواف والعمرة برقم: (١٢٦١) ٢ / ٩٢٠، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٧ / ١٠٤ والشافعي في المسند: ١ / ٣٤٧.