Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/374)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

to them: the believers ⦗25a⦘ are one adversary, and the remaining five are the other adversary.

Ikrimah said: They are Paradise and the Fire, which disputed with one another, as Hassān ibn Saʿīd al-Manīʿī informed us: Abu Tahir al-Ziyādī informed us; Abu Bakr Muhammad Husayn al-Qattān informed us; Ahmad ibn Yusuf al-Sulamī informed us; Abd al-Razzāq informed us; Maʿmar informed us, from Hammām ibn Munabbih, who said: Abu Hurayrah related to us that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said:

“Paradise and the Fire disputed. The Fire said, ‘I have been favored with the arrogant and the tyrannical.’ Paradise said, ‘Why is it that none enter me except the weak, the lowly, and the simple-minded among people?’ Allah, exalted is He, said to Paradise, ‘You are but My mercy, through which I show mercy to whomever I will among My servants.’ And He said to the Fire, ‘You are but My punishment, through which I punish whomever I will among My servants. Each of you shall have its full measure.’ As for the Fire, it will not be filled until Allah places His foot in it, whereupon it will say, ‘Enough! Enough!’ Then it will be filled, and its parts will draw together. Allah wrongs none of His creation. As for Paradise, Allah, exalted is He, will create a new creation for it.” (1)

Then Allah, exalted is He, explained what awaits the two adversaries, saying:

“As for those who disbelieve, garments of Fire will be cut out for them.”

Saʿīd ibn Jubayr said: Garments of molten copper; for no vessel, when heated, becomes more intensely hot than it. They are called garments because they encompass them as garments encompass the wearer.

Others said: The inhabitants of the Fire will wear garments cut from the Fire. “Scalding water will be poured over their heads.” Scalding water is water whose heat has reached its utmost limit.

“By it will be melted what is in their bellies, as well as their skins.” (20)

“By it will be melted,” that is, it will be dissolved by the scalding water. “What is in their bellies”: one says, “I melted the fat of the tail and the fat by the fire,” when one liquefies them. Its meaning is that the scalding water poured over their heads will melt what is within their bellies—their fat and entrails—until it falls out. “And their skins”: its heat will roast their skins, causing them to slough away.

Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi Tawbah informed us; Abu Tahir Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Harith informed us; Abu al-Hasan Muhammad ibn Yaʿqub al-Kisāʾī informed us; Abd Allah ibn Mahmud informed us; Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah al-Khallāl informed us; Abd Allah ibn al-Mubārak informed us, from Saʿīd ibn Zayd, from Abu al-Samh, from Abu Juhayrah, whose name was Abd al-Rahman, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said:

“Scalding water will indeed be poured over their heads, penetrating through the skull until it reaches the interior of the body. It will strip away what is within it until it comes out through their feet. This is the melting; then they will be restored as they were.” (2)

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in al-Tafsir, chapter: “And it will say: Is there any more?” 8/595; and by Muslim in al-Jannah wa Sifat Na'imiha (Paradise and the Description of Its Bliss), chapter: “The Tyrannical Enter the Fire and the Weak Enter Paradise,” no. 2846, 4/2186; and by the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 15/256-257. (2) Narrated by al-Tirmidhi in Sifat Ahl Jahannam (The Description of the People of Hell), chapter: “What Has Been Reported Regarding the Description of the Drink of the People of the Fire,” 7/302-303. He said: “This hadith is sound and uncommon.” It was also narrated by Imam Ahmad, 2/374; al-Hakim in al-Mustadrak, 2/387; al-Tabari, 17/133-134; and the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 15/244. Al-Albani judged its chain of transmission weak in his commentary on al-Mishkat, 3/1581.

إليهم فالمؤمنون ٢٥/أخَصْمٌ وَسَائِرُ الْخَمْسَةِ خَصْمٌ. وَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ: هُمَا الْجَنَّةُ وَالنَّارُ اخْتَصَمَتَا كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَا حَسَّانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْمَنِيعِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الزِّيَادِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ حُسَيْنٍ الْقَطَّانُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ السُّلَمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "تَحَاجَّتِ الْجَنَّةُ وَالنَّارُ فَقَالَتِ النَّارُ: أُوثِرْتُ بِالْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ وَالْمُتَجَبِّرِينَ، وَقَالَتِ الْجَنَّةُ: فَمَا لِي لَا يَدْخُلُنِي إِلَّا ضُعَفَاءُ النَّاسِ وَسَقَطُهُمْ وَغِرَّتُهُمْ؟ قَالَ اللَّهُ ﷿ لِلْجَنَّةِ: إِنَّمَا أَنْتِ رَحْمَتِي أَرْحَمُ بِكِ مَنْ أَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِي، وَقَالَ لِلنَّارِ: إِنَّمَا أَنْتِ عَذَابِي أُعَذِّبُ بِكِ مَنْ أَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِي، وَلِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْكُمَا مِلْؤُهَا، فَأَمَّا النَّارُ فَلَا تَمْتَلِئُ حَتَّى يَضَعَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا رِجْلَهُ فَتَقُولُ قَطْ قَطْ، فَهُنَالِكَ تَمْتَلِئُ وَيَزْوِي بَعْضُهَا إِلَى بَعْضٍ، وَلَا يَظْلِمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ أَحَدًا، وَأَمَّا الْجَنَّةُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ ﷿ يُنْشِئُ لَهَا خَلْقًا" (١) . ثُمَّ بَيَّنَ اللَّهُ ﷿ مَا لِلْخَصْمَيْنِ فَقَالَ: ﴿فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِنْ نَارٍ﴾ قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ: ثِيَابٌ مِنْ نُحَاسٍ مُذَابٍ، وَلَيْسَ مِنَ الْآنِيَةِ شَيْءٌ إِذَا حَمِيَ أَشَدَّ حَرًّا مِنْهُ وَسُمِّيَ بِاسْمِ الثِّيَابِ لِأَنَّهَا تُحِيطُ بِهِمْ كَإِحَاطَةِ الثِّيَابِ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: يَلْبَسُ أَهْلُ النَّارِ مُقَطَّعَاتٍ مِنَ النَّارِ، ﴿يُصَبُّ مِنْ فَوْقِ رُءُوسِهِمُ الْحَمِيمُ﴾ الْحَمِيمُ: هُوَ الْمَاءُ الْحَارُّ الَّذِي انْتَهَتْ حَرَارَتُهُ. ﴿يُصْهَرُ بِهِ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِمْ وَالْجُلُودُ (٢٠) ﴾ ﴿يُصْهَرُ بِهِ﴾ أَيْ: يُذَابُ بِالْحَمِيمِ، ﴿مَا فِي بُطُونِهِمْ﴾ يُقَالُ: صَهَرْتُ الْأَلْيَةَ وَالشَّحْمَ بِالنَّارِ إِذَا أَذَبْتَهُمَا أَصْهَرُهَا صَهْرًا، مَعْنَاهُ يُذَابُ بِالْحَمِيمِ الَّذِي يُصَبُّ مِنْ فَوْقِ رُءُوسِهِمْ حَتَّى يَسْقُطَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِمْ مِنَ الشُّحُومِ وَالْأَحْشَاءِ، ﴿وَالْجُلُودِ﴾ أَيْ: يَشْوِي حرها جلودهم فتتساط. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي تَوْبَةَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْكِسَائِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَحْمُودٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَلَّالُ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي السَّمْحِ، عَنْ أَبِي جُحَيْرَةَ وَاسْمُهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "إِنَّ الْحَمِيمَ لَيُصَبُّ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ فَيَنْفُذُ الْجُمْجُمَةَ حَتَّى يَخْلُصَ إِلَى جَوْفِهِ فَيَسْلُتَ مَا فِي جَوْفِهِ حَتَّى يَمْرُقَ مِنْ قَدَمَيْهِ، وَهُوَ الصَّهْرُ، ثُمَّ يُعَادُ كَمَا كَانَ" (٢) .

(١) أخرجه البخاري في التفسير، باب (وتقول هل من مزيد) ٨ / ٥٩٥، ومسلم في الجنة وصفة نعيمها، باب: النار يدخلها الجبارون، والجنة يدخلها الضعفاء برقم (٢٨٤٦) ٤ / ٢١٨٦، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ٢٥٦ - ٢٥٧. (٢) أخرجه الترمذي في صفة أهل جهنم، باب ما جاء في صفة شراب أهل النار ٧ / ٣٠٢ - ٣٠٣ وقال: هذا حديث غريب صحيح، والإمام أحمد: ٢ / ٣٧٤، والحاكم في المستدرك: ٢ / ٣٨٧، والطبري: ١٧ / ١٣٣ - ١٣٤، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ٢٤٤، وقد ضعف الألباني إسناده في تعليقه على المشكاة: ٣ / ١٥٨١.