Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/347)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

al-Dahhak and Ibn Abbas: Allah restored the woman’s youth to her, and she bore him twenty-six sons. (1)

Wahb said: He had seven daughters and three sons.

Ibn Yasar said: He had seven sons and seven daughters.

It is narrated from Anas, tracing it back to the Prophet, that he had two granaries: one for wheat and one for barley. Allah sent two clouds; one poured gold upon the wheat granary, and the other poured silver upon the barley granary, until they overflowed. (2)

It is also narrated that Allah Most High sent an angel to him, who said, “Your Lord sends you greetings of peace in recognition of your patience. Go out to your granary.” He went out to it, and Allah sent down upon it locusts of gold. One of them flew away, so he followed it and returned it to his granary. The angel said to him, “Is what is in your granary not enough for you?” He replied, “This is one of the blessings of my Lord, and I can never have enough of His blessing.” (3)

Hassan ibn Sa'id al-Mani'i informed us; Abu Tahir Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmish al-Ziyadi informed us; Muhammad ibn al-Husayn al-Qattan informed us; Ahmad ibn Yusuf al-Sulami informed us; Abd al-Razzaq informed us; Ma'mar informed us, from Hammam ibn Munabbih, who said: Abu Hurayrah informed us that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “While Job was bathing unclothed, golden locusts fell upon him, and Job began scooping them into his garment. His Lord called out to him, [‘O Job’] (4), ‘Did I not make you independent of what you see?’ He replied, ‘Yes, my Lord, by Your might; yet I can never do without Your blessing.’” (5)

Others said: Allah gave Job in this world the equivalent of the family members who had perished, but those who had died were not restored to him in this world. (6) Ikrimah said: Job was told, “Your family will be yours in the Hereafter. If you wish, We shall hasten them to you in this world; and if you wish, they shall be yours in the Hereafter, while We grant you their like in this world.” He replied, “Let them be mine in the Hereafter, and let me be granted their like in this world.” (7)

According to this view, the meaning of the verse is: We gave him his family in the Hereafter, and their like along with them in this world. By “family,” He meant his children. “A mercy from Us” means a blessing from Us, and “a reminder for the worshippers” means an admonition and a lesson for them.

(1) Al-Suyuti attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 5:660, to Ibn Mardawayh and Ibn Asakir, through Juybar, from al-Dahhak, from Ibn Abbas. (2) Reported by al-Hakim, 2:581-582, who declared it authentic according to the criteria of al-Bukhari and Muslim. (3) Al-Suyuti attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 5:660, to Ibn Mardawayh and Ibn Asakir, through Juybar, from al-Dahhak, from Ibn Abbas. (4) An addition from manuscript B. (5) Reported by al-Bukhari in the Book of Prophets, chapter: “And Job, when he called upon his Lord, ‘Indeed, adversity has touched me ...,’” 6:420; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 8:7. (6) Mentioned by al-Tabari, 17:72. (7) Reported by al-Tabari, 17:72.

الضَّحَّاكُ وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ اللَّهَ ﷿ رَدَّ إِلَى الْمَرْأَةِ شَبَابَهَا فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ سِتَّةً وَعِشْرِينَ ذَكَرًا (١) . قَالَ وَهْبٌ كَانَ لَهُ سَبْعُ بَنَاتٍ وَثَلَاثَةُ بَنِينَ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ يَسَارٍ: كَانَ لَهُ سَبْعُ بَنِينَ وَسَبْعُ بَنَاتٍ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ يَرْفَعُهُ: أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَهُ أَنْدَرَانِ أَنْدَرٌ لِلْقَمْحِ وَأَنْدَرٌ لِلشَّعِيرِ، فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ ﷿ سَحَابَتَيْنِ فَأَفْرَغَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا عَلَى أَنْدَرِ الْقَمْحِ الذَّهَبَ وَأَفْرَغَتِ الْأُخْرَى عَلَى أَنْدَرِ الشَّعِيرِ الْوَرِقَ حَتَّى فَاضَ (٢) . وَرُوِيَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى بَعْثَ إِلَيْهِ مَلَكًا وَقَالَ: إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ بِصَبْرِكَ فَاخْرُجْ إِلَى أَنْدَرِكَ، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ جَرَادًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَطَارَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَاتَّبَعَهَا وَرَدَّهَا إِلَى أَنْدَرِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ: أَمَا يَكْفِيكَ مَا فِي أَنْدَرِكَ؟ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ بَرَكَةٌ مِنْ بَرَكَاتِ رَبِّي وَلَا أَشْبَعُ مِنْ بَرَكَتِهِ (٣) . أَخْبَرَنَا حَسَّانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْمَنِيعِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَحْمِشٍ الزِّيَادِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَطَّانُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ السُّلَمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "بَيْنَا أَيُّوبُ يَغْتَسِلُ عُرْيَانًا خَرَّ عَلَيْهِ جَرَادٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَجَعَلَ أَيُّوبُ يَحْثِي فِي ثَوْبِهِ، فَنَادَاهُ رَبُّهُ [يَا أَيُّوبُ] (٤) أَلَمْ أَكُنْ أُغْنِيكَ عَمَّا تَرَى؟ قَالَ: بَلَى يَا رَبِّ وَعَزَّتِكِ، وَلَكِنْ لَا غِنَى بِي عَنْ بَرَكَتِكِ" (٥) . وَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: أَتَى اللَّهُ أَيُّوبَ فِي الدُّنْيَا مِثْلَ أَهْلِهِ الَّذِينَ هَلَكُوا فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ هَلَكُوا فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُرَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا (٦) قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ: قِيلَ لِأَيُّوبَ: إِنَّ أَهْلَكَ لَكَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ فَإِنْ شِئْتَ عَجَّلْنَاهُمْ لَكَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَإِنْ شِئْتَ كَانُوا لَكَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ، وَآتَيْنَاكَ مِثْلَهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَقَالَ يَكُونُونَ لِي فِي الْآخِرَةِ، وَأُوتَى مِثْلَهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا (٧) فَعَلَى هَذَا يَكُونُ مَعْنَى الْآيَةِ: وَآتَيْنَاهُ أَهْلَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَمِثْلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَأَرَادَ بِالْأَهْلِ الْأَوْلَادَ، ﴿رَحْمَةً مِنْ عِنْدِنَا﴾ أَيْ نِعْمَةً مِنْ عِنْدِنَا، ﴿وَذِكْرَى لِلْعَابِدِينَ﴾ أَيْ: عِظَةً وَعِبْرَةً لَهُمْ.

(١) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٥ / ٦٦٠ لابن مردويه وابن عساكر من طريق جويبر عن الضحاك عن ابن عباس. (٢) أخرجه الحاكم: ٢ / ٥٨١ - ٥٨٢ وصححه على شرط الشيخين. (٣) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٥ / ٦٦٠ لابن مردويه وابن عساكر من طريق جويبر عن الضحاك عن ابن عباس. (٤) زيادة من "ب". (٥) أخرجه البخاري في الأنبياء، باب: قول الله تعالى: (وأيوب إذ نادى ربه أني مسني الضر. . .) ٦ / ٤٢٠، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٨ / ٧. (٦) ذكره الطبري: ١٧ / ٧٢. (٧) أخرجه الطبري: ١٧ / ٧٢.