Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/327)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Ibn Ishaq said: They gathered firewood for a month. When they had collected all that they wanted, they set fire to the wood on every side. The blaze flared up and grew so fierce that a bird passing over it would be burned by the intensity of its heat. They kept it burning for seven days.

It is related that they did not know how to cast him into it, so Satan came and taught them how to make a catapult, and they made one. Then they took Abraham, raised him to the top of the structure, bound him, and placed him in the catapult, fettered and chained. (1) Then the heavens, the earth, the angels within them, and all creatures other than jinn and mankind cried out with one voice: “Our Lord, Abraham, Your close friend, is being cast into the Fire, and there is no one on Your earth who worships You besides him. So grant us permission to support him.” Allah said: “He is My close friend, and I have none besides him; I am his God, and he has no god besides Me. If he seeks the aid of any one of you or calls upon him, then let him support him, for I have granted him permission to do so. But if he calls upon none besides Me, then I know best about him, and I am his Protector; so leave him to Me.”

When they intended to cast him into the Fire, the guardian of the waters came to him and said, “If you wish, I shall extinguish the Fire.” (2) Then the guardian of the winds came to him and said, “If you wish, I shall scatter the Fire through the air.” Abraham said, “I have no need of you. Allah is sufficient for me, and He is the best Disposer of affairs.” (3)

It is also related from Ubayy ibn Ka'b that, when they bound Abraham in order to cast him into the Fire, he said: “There is no god but You. Glory be to You, Lord of the worlds. To You belongs all praise, and to You belongs all dominion. You have no partner.” (4) Then they hurled him by the catapult toward the Fire. Gabriel came to meet him and said, “Abraham, do you have any need?” He replied, “As for you, no.” (5) Gabriel said, “Then ask your Lord.” Abraham replied, “His knowledge of my condition is sufficient in place of my asking.” (6)

Ka'b al-Ahbar said: Everything began to extinguish the Fire around him except the house gecko, for it was blowing upon the Fire. (7)

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Nu'aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma'il informed us; Ubayd Allah ibn Musa and Ibn Salam informed us, from Ibn Jurayj, from Abd al-Hamid ibn Jubayr, from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, from Umm Sharik, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, commanded that the house gecko be killed, and said: “It used to...”

(1) See al-Bahr al-Muhit, 6:328. (2) In al-Durr al-Manthur, 5:640, al-Suyuti attributed it to Imam Ahmad's al-Zuhd and to Abd ibn Humayd. (3) See al-Bahr al-Muhit, 6:328, where it is attributed to Ibn Abbas; and al-Durr al-Manthur, 5:641. In al-Bukhari, 8:229, it is worded: “The last words of Ibrahim when he was cast into the fire were: Allah is sufficient for us, and He is the best Disposer of affairs.” (4) Reported by al-Tabari, 17:45. (5) Reported by al-Tabari, 17:45; see also Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 3:185. (6) Ibn Iraq mentioned it in Tanzih al-Shari'ah, 1:250, with the wording: “His knowledge of my condition makes my asking unnecessary,” as a report concerning Ibrahim, peace be upon him. He said that Ibn Taymiyyah deemed it fabricated. (7) See al-Qurtubi, 11:304.

قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ كَانُوا يَجْمَعُونَ الْحَطَبَ شَهْرًا فَلَمَّا جَمَعُوا مَا أَرَادُوا أَشْعَلُوا فِي كُلِّ نَاحِيَةٍ مِنَ الْحَطَبِ فَاشْتَعَلَتِ النَّارُ وَاشْتَدَّتْ حَتَّى أَنْ كَانَ الطَّيْرُ لَيَمُرُّ بِهَا فَيَحْتَرِقُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ وَهَجِهَا، فَأَوْقَدُوا عَلَيْهَا سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ. رُوِيَ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا كَيْفَ يُلْقُونَهُ فِيهَا فَجَاءَ إِبْلِيسُ فَعَلَّمَهُمْ عَمَلَ الْمَنْجَنِيقِ فَعَمِلُوا، ثُمَّ عَمَدُوا إِلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَرَفَعُوهُ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْبُنْيَانِ وَقَيَّدُوهُ ثُمَّ وَضَعُوهُ فِي الْمَنْجَنِيقِ مُقَيَّدًا مَغْلُولًا (١) فَصَاحَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَنْ فِيهَا مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَجَمِيعُ الْخَلْقِ إِلَّا الثَّقْلَيْنِ صَيْحَةً وَاحِدَةً، أَيْ رَبَّنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلِيلُكَ يُلْقَى فِي النَّارِ وَلَيْسَ فِي أَرْضِكَ أَحَدٌ يَعْبُدُكَ غَيْرُهُ فَأْذَنْ لَنَا فِي نُصْرَتِهِ، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ ﷿: إِنَّهُ خَلِيلِي لَيْسَ لِي غَيْرُهُ، وَأَنَا إِلَهُهُ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَهٌ غَيْرِي، فَإِنِ اسْتَغَاثَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْكُمْ أَوْ دَعَاهُ فَلْيَنْصُرْهُ فَقَدْ أَذِنْتُ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَدْعُ غَيْرِي فَأَنَا أَعْلَمُ بِهِ وَأَنَا وَلِيُّهُ فَخَلُّوا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ، فَلَمَّا أَرَادُوا إِلْقَاءَهُ فِي النَّارِ أَتَاهُ خَازِنُ الْمِيَاهِ فَقَالَ: إِنْ أَرَدْتَ أَخْمَدْتُ النَّارَ (٢) وَأَتَاهُ خَازِنُ الرِّيَاحِ فَقَالَ: إِنْ شِئْتَ طَيَّرْتُ النَّارَ فِي الْهَوَاءِ، فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ: لَا حَاجَةَ لِي إِلَيْكُمْ حَسْبِيَ اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ (٣) . وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ أَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ حِينَ أَوْثَقُوهُ لِيُلْقُوهُ فِي النَّارِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ سُبْحَانَكَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ وَلَكَ الْمُلْكُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ (٤) ثُمَّ رَمَوْا بِهِ فِي الْمَنْجَنِيقِ إِلَى النَّارِ، وَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ: يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ لَكَ حَاجَةٌ؟ فَقَالَ أَمَّا إِلَيْكَ فَلَا (٥) قَالَ جِبْرِيلُ: فَاسْأَلْ رَبَّكَ، فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ حَسَبِي مِنْ سُؤَالِي عِلْمُهُ بِحَالِي (٦) . قَالَ كَعْبُ الْأَحْبَارِ: جَعَلَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يُطْفِئُ عَنْهُ النَّارَ إِلَّا الْوَزَغَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَنْفُخُ فِي النَّارِ (٧) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعَيْمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى وَابْنُ سَلَامٍ عَنْهُ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ عَنْ أُمِّ شَرِيكٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ بِقَتْلِ الْوَزَغِ، وَقَالَ: كَانَ

(١) انظر البحر المحيط: ٦ / ٣٢٨. (٢) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٥ / ٦٤٠ للإمام أحمد في الزهد ولعبد بن حميد. (٣) انظر البحر المحيط: ٦ / ٣٢٨ وقد عزاه لابن عباس، والدر المنثور: ٥ / ٦٤١، وعند البخاري: ٨ / ٢٢٩ بلفظ: (كان آخر قول إبراهيم حين ألقي في النار: حسبي الله ونعم الوكيل) . (٤) أخرجه الطبري: ١٧ / ٤٥. (٥) أخرجه الطبري: ١٧ / ٤٥، وانظر: تفسير ابن كثير: ٣ / ١٨٥. (٦) ذكره ابن عراق في: "تنزيه الشريعة" ١ / ٢٥٠ بلفظ: (علمه بحالي يغني عن سؤالي) حكاية عن الخليل ﵇، وقال: قال ابن تيمية: موضوع. (٧) انظر القرطبي: ١١ / ٣٠٤.