Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/303)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

the end of the first half of the day and the beginning of the second half. Thus, it falls at two of its ends; the third end is sunset, at which time the Maghrib prayer is performed.

“So that you may be satisfied”: that is, satisfied ⦗15/a⦘ with His reward in the Hereafter. Al-Kisa’i and Abu Bakr, transmitting from Asim, recited it in the passive form, “so that you may be given His reward.” It is also said that it means: so that Allah Most High may be pleased with you, as He says, “He was pleasing to his Lord” (Mary: 55). It is also said that the meaning of the verse is: so that you may be satisfied with intercession, as He says, “And your Lord will surely give you, and you will be satisfied” (The Morning Brightness: 5).

Abu Sa‘id Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Abbas al-Khatib al-Humaydi related to us; Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Abd Allah, the hadith master, related to us; Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub al-Shaybani related to us by dictation; Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah al-Sa‘di related to us; Yazid ibn Harun related to us; Isma‘il ibn Abi Khalid related to us, from Qays ibn Abi Hazim, from Jarir ibn Abd Allah, who said:

“We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when he looked at the moon on the night of the full moon and said: ‘You will indeed see your Lord just as you see this moon, without being crowded or hindered in seeing Him. So, if you are able not to be overcome to the point of missing a prayer before sunrise or before sunset, then do so.’” Then he recited: “And glorify your Lord with His praise before the rising of the sun and before its setting” (1).

“Do not let your eyes look longingly at what We have allowed some of them to enjoy—the splendor of worldly life—so that We may test them thereby. But your Lord’s provision is better and more lasting.” (131)

Concerning His saying, “Do not let your eyes look longingly”: Abu Rafi‘ said: A guest came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, so he sent me to a Jew and said to me, “Tell him that the Messenger of Allah says to you: Sell me such-and-such an amount of flour, and extend me credit until the new moon of Rajab.” I went to him and conveyed this to him, but he said, “By Allah, I will neither sell it nor extend credit except against collateral.” So I returned to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and informed him. He said, “By Allah, had he sold to me and extended me credit, I would have repaid him. Indeed, I am trustworthy in heaven and trustworthy on earth. Take my iron coat of mail to him.” Then this verse was revealed: “Do not let your eyes look longingly” (2).

That is, do not look at “what We have allowed them to enjoy”—that is, what We have given them—“various kinds,” meaning different categories, “of the splendor of worldly life,” meaning its adornment and beauty. Ya‘qub recited zaharata, with the final ha carrying a vowel of fathah, whereas the majority recited it with the final ha quiescent. “So that We may test them thereby”: that is, so that We may make it a trial for them, by increasing their blessings so that they increase in unbelief and transgression. “But your Lord’s provision,” in the Hereafter—that is, Paradise—“is better and more lasting.” Ubayy ibn Ka‘b said: “Whoever does not seek consolation—”

(1) Recorded by al-Bukhari in The Times of Prayer, chapter: “The Merit of the Asr Prayer,” 2/33; by Muslim in The Mosques, chapter: “The Merit of the Fajr and Asr Prayers and Maintaining Them,” no. 633, 1/439; and by the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 2/224. (2) Reported by Ishaq, Ibn Abi Shaybah, Abu Yala, al-Bazzar, al-Tabari, and al-Tabarani. Its chain includes Musa ibn Ubaydah al-Zubayri, who is abandoned as a narrator. See al-Kafi al-Shaf, p. 109, and al-Wahidi, Asbab al-Nuzul, p. 352. See also al-Qurtubi, 11/263, who affirmed the invalidity of this report.

آخِرِ الطَّرَفِ الْأَوَّلِ مِنَ النَّهَارِ، وَفِي أَوَّلِ الطَّرَفِ الْآخِرِ، فَهُوَ فِي طَرَفَيْنِ مِنْهُ وَالطَّرَفُ الثَّالِثُ غُرُوبُ الشَّمْسِ، وَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يُصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبُ. ﴿لَعَلَّكَ تَرْضَى﴾ أي ترضى ١٥/أثَوَابَهُ فِي الْمَعَادِ، وَقَرَأَ الْكِسَائِيُّ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ "تَرْضَى" بِضَمِّ التَّاءِ أَيْ تُعْطَى ثَوَابَهُ. وَقِيلَ: ﴿تَرْضَى﴾ أَيْ يَرْضَاكَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى، كَمَا قَالَ: "وَكَانَ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِ مَرْضِيًّا" (مَرْيَمَ: ٥٥) وَقِيلَ: مَعْنَى الْآيَةِ لَعَلَّكَ تَرْضَى بِالشَّفَاعَةِ، كَمَا قَالَ: "وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضَى" (الضَّحَى:٥) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ الْخَطِيبُ الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ إِمْلَاءً، أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ السَّعْدِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْقَمَرِ لَيْلَةَ الْبَدْرِ، فَقَالَ: "إِنَّكُمْ تَرَوْنَ رَبَّكُمْ كَمَا تَرَوْنَ هَذَا الْقَمَرَ لَا تُضَامُونَ فِي رُؤْيَتِهِ، فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ أَنْ لَا تُغْلَبُوا عَلَى صَلَاةٍ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا فَافْعَلُوا"، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ ﴿وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا﴾ (١) . ﴿وَلَا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا مِنْهُمْ زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ وَرِزْقُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَى (١٣١) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَلَا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ﴾ قَالَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ: نَزَلَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ضَيْفٌ فَبَعَثَنِي إِلَى يَهُودِيٍّ فَقَالَ لِي: "قُلْ لَهُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ لَكَ بِعْنِي كَذَا وَكَذَا مِنَ الدَّقِيقِ وَأَسْلِفْنِي إِلَى هِلَالِ رَجَبٍ" فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهُ لَا أَبِيعُهُ وَلَا أُسْلِفُهُ إِلَّا بَرْهَنٍ، فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ، فَقَالَ: "وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ بَاعَنِي وَأَسْلَفَنِي لَقَضَيْتُهُ وَإِنِّي لِأَمِينٌ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَأَمِينٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ، اذْهَبْ بِدِرْعِي الْحَدِيدِ إِلَيْهِ" فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: ﴿وَلَا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ﴾ (٢) لَا تَنْظُرْ، ﴿إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ﴾ أَعْطَيْنَا، ﴿أَزْوَاجًا﴾ أَصْنَافًا، ﴿مِنْهُمْ زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا﴾ أَيْ زِينَتَهَا وَبَهْجَتَهَا، وَقَرَأَ يَعْقُوبُ زَهَرَةَ بِفَتْحِ الْهَاءِ وَقَرَأَ الْعَامَّةُ بِجَزْمِهَا، ﴿لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ﴾ أَيْ لِنَجْعَلَ ذَلِكَ فِتْنَةً لَهُمْ بِأَنْ أُزِيدَ لَهُمُ النِّعْمَةَ فَيَزِيدُوا كُفْرًا وَطُغْيَانًا، ﴿وَرِزْقُ رَبِّكَ﴾ فِي الْمَعَادِ، يَعْنِي: الْجَنَّةَ، ﴿خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَى﴾ قَالَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ: مَنْ لم يتعز

(١) أخرجه البخاري في مواقيت الصلاة، باب فضل صلاة العصر: ٢ / ٣٣، ومسلم في المساجد، باب فضل صلاتي الصبح والعصر والمحافظة عليهما برقم: (٦٣٣) : ١ / ٤٣٩، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٢ / ٢٢٤. (٢) أخرجه إسحاق وابن أبي شيبة وأبو يعلي والبزار والطبري والطبراني وفيه موسى بن عبيدة الزبيري وهو متروك، الكافي الشاف ص (١٠٩) والواحدي في أسباب النزول: ص (٣٥٢) ، وانظر القرطبي: ١١ / ٢٦٣ فقد أيد بطلان هذه الرواية.