Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“In which you will see neither depression nor elevation.” Mujāhid said: Neither lowering nor rising.

Al-Ḥasan said: “Depression” is what lies low in the earth, while “elevation” is what rises from the hills; that is, you will see neither valley nor hill.

Qatādah said: You will see therein neither fissure nor mound (1).

“On that Day they will follow the Caller”: that is, the voice of the caller who summons them to the standing place of the Resurrection—namely, Isrāfīl. He will place the Horn to his mouth and say: “O decayed bones, torn skins, and scattered flesh! Come forth to be presented before the Most Merciful” (2).

“Without deviation”: that is, with regard to his call. This is an inverted expression; its meaning is that they will not turn aside from the Caller’s summons. They will neither veer to the right nor to the left, nor will they be able to resist it; rather, they will follow him swiftly.

“And all voices will be humbled before the Most Merciful”: that is, they will fall silent, be subdued, and submit. The voices are described as being humbled, though what is intended is their people. “So you will hear nothing but a faint whisper”: that is, the sound of feet walking toward the place of gathering. A faint whisper is a subtle sound, like the sound of camels’ padded feet as they walk. Mujāhid said: It is the hushed murmuring and lowering of voices.

Saʿīd ibn Jubayr narrated from Ibn ʿAbbās that he said: It is the movement of the lips without speech (3).

“On that Day, intercession will not benefit”: that is, intercession will benefit none of the people, “except one whom the Most Merciful has permitted.”

(1) Al-Tabari cites the various views concerning the meaning of “iwajan wa la amtan” (no crookedness or unevenness), then states: “The soundest view is that iwaj means deviation, for this is its established meaning in Arabic usage. If someone asks, ‘Is there any crookedness in the earth today?’ the reply is: ‘You will see no crookedness in it on that Day.’ That is, it will contain no valleys or obstacles that prevent one looking upon it or travelling across it from proceeding straight ahead, as one travelling along some of its paths today must turn right at times and left at others because of mountains, valleys, and seas. As for amt, among the Arabs it means bending and weakness, as is attested in their speech. Since this is the meaning of amt in their usage, the soundest interpretation is: no elevation or depression.” Al-Tabari, 16:213. (2) See Ruh al-Ma'ani, 16:264; Adwa al-Bayan, 4:516. (3) For a detailed discussion of the attribution of these views, see Ibn Kathir, 3:166-167; al-Tabari, 16:214-215; Zad al-Masir, 16:264; and al-Bahr al-Muhit, 6:280.
﴿لَا تَرَى فِيهَا عِوَجًا وَلَا أَمْتًا﴾ قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: انْخِفَاضًا وَارْتِفَاعًا. وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ: "الْعِوَجُ": مَا انْخَفَضَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ، وَ"الْأَمْتُ": مَا نَشَزَ مِنَ الرَّوَابِي، أَيْ: لَا تَرَى وَادِيًا وَلَا رَابِيَةً. قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: لَا تَرَى فِيهَا صَدْعًا وَلَا أَكَمَةً (١) . ﴿يَوْمَئِذٍ يَتَّبِعُونَ الدَّاعِيَ﴾ أَيْ صَوْتَ الدَّاعِي الَّذِي يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى مَوْقِفِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَهُوَ إِسْرَافِيلُ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ يَضَعُ الصُّورَ فِي فِيهِ، وَيَقُولُ: أَيَّتُهَا الْعِظَامُ الْبَالِيَةُ وَالْجُلُودُ الْمُتَمَزِّقَةُ وَاللُّحُومُ الْمُتَفَرِّقَةُ هَلُمُّوا إِلَى عَرْضِ الرَّحْمَنِ (٢) . ﴿لَا عِوَجَ لَهُ﴾ أَيْ: لِدُعَائِهِ، وَهُوَ مِنَ الْمَقْلُوبِ، أَيْ: لَا عِوَجَ لَهُمْ عَنْ دُعَاءِ الدَّاعِي، لَا يَزِيغُونَ عَنْهُ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا وَلَا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَيْهِ بَلْ يَتَّبِعُونَهُ سِرَاعًا. ﴿وَخَشَعَتِ الْأَصْوَاتُ لِلرَّحْمَنِ﴾ أَيْ: سَكَنَتْ وَذَلَّتْ وَخَضَعَتْ، وَوَصَفَ الْأَصْوَاتَ بِالْخُشُوعِ وَالْمُرَادُ أَهْلُهَا، ﴿فَلَا تَسْمَعُ إِلَّا هَمْسًا﴾ يَعْنِي صَوْتَ وَطْءِ الْأَقْدَامِ إِلَى الْمَحْشَرِ، وَ"الْهَمْسُ": الصَّوْتُ الْخَفِيُّ كَصَوْتِ أَخْفَافِ الْإِبِلِ فِي الْمَشْيِ. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: هُوَ تَخَافُتُ الْكَلَامِ وَخَفْضُ الصَّوْتِ. وَرَوَى سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: تَحْرِيكُ الشِّفَاهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ نُطْقٍ (٣) . ﴿يَوْمَئِذٍ لَا تَنْفَعُ الشَّفَاعَةُ﴾ يَعْنِي: لَا تَنْفَعُ الشَّفَاعَةُ أَحَدًا مِنَ النَّاسِ، ﴿إِلَّا مَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ﴾
(١) ساق الطبري الأقوال في معنى "عوجا ولا أمتا"، وقال: (١٦ / ٢١٣) : "وأولى الأقوال في ذلك بالصواب قول من قال: عني بالعوج: الميل، وذلك أن ذلك هو المعروف من كلام العرب. فإن قال قائل: وهل في الأرض اليوم من عوج؟ فيقال: لا ترى فيها يومئذ عوجا. قيل: إن معنى ذلك: ليس فيها أودية وموانع تمنع الناظر أو السائر فيها عن الأخذ على الاستقامة كما يحتاج اليوم من أخذ في بعض سبلها إلى الأخذ يمينا، وأحيانا شمالا، لما فيها من الجبال والأودية والبحار. وأما الأمت فإنه عند العرب: الانثناء والضعف. مسموع منهم، فالواجب إذا كان ذلك معنى "الأمت" عندهم أن يكون أصوب الأقوال في تأويله: ولا ارتفاع ولا انخفاض". (٢) انظر: روح المعاني ١٦ / ٢٦٤، أضواء البيان: ٤ / ٥١٦. (٣) انظر تفصيلا في نسبة هذه الأقوال: ابن كثير ٣ / ١٦٦ - ١٦٧، والطبري: ١٦ / ٢١٤ - ٢١٥، زاد المسير: ١٦ / ٢٦٤، والبحر المحيط: ٦ / ٢٨٠.

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