Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/272)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

when We inspired your mother with what was inspired (38): “Place him in the chest, then cast it into the river; the river will cast him upon the shore, where an enemy to Me and an enemy to him will take him. And I bestowed upon you love from Me, so that you might be reared under My watchful eye.” (39)

“So that we may glorify You much”: al-Kalbi said, “That is, we may pray to You often.” “And remember You much”: that is, we praise You and extol You for the blessings You have bestowed upon us. “Indeed, You have always been Seeing of us”: fully aware and knowing.

Allah Most High said: “Your request has been granted”—that is, you have been given—“all that you asked for, O Moses. And We had already bestowed Our favor upon you another time”: that is, before this occasion, when We inspired your mother. This revelation was a form of inspiration. “With what was inspired”: with what was placed into her heart.

He then explained that inspiration and enumerated His blessings upon Moses: “Place him in the chest”: that is, We inspired her to place him in the chest. “Then cast it into the river”: that is, the Nile River. “Then let the river cast him upon the shore”: that is, the riverbank. Its wording is imperative, but its meaning is declarative; that is, so that the river would cast him upon the shore. “An enemy to Me and an enemy to him will take him”: that is, Pharaoh.

She therefore made a chest, placed carded cotton in it, and laid Moses inside. She sealed its top and openings—that is, its cracks—with pitch, and then cast it into the Nile. A large canal branched from it into Pharaoh’s residence. While Pharaoh was sitting beside the pool with his wife Asiyah, a chest was brought along by the water. He ordered the male and female servants to take it out, so they took it out and opened its top. There was a baby boy inside, one of the fairest of people in countenance. When Pharaoh saw him, he loved him so greatly that he could not contain himself. This is the meaning of His statement:

“And I bestowed upon you love from Me.” Ibn Abbas said: He loved him and made His creatures love him. Ikrimah said: “No one saw him without loving him.” Qatadah said: “There was a beauty in Moses’ eyes such that no one saw him without becoming enamored of him.”

“So that you might be reared under My watchful eye”: that is, so that you would be raised within My sight and under My watchful care. Abu Ja'far recited it as wa-li-tusnaʿ (“so that you may be reared”).

﴿إِذْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى أُمِّكَ مَا يُوحَى (٣٨) أَنِ اقْذِفِيهِ فِي التَّابُوتِ فَاقْذِفِيهِ فِي الْيَمِّ فَلْيُلْقِهِ الْيَمُّ بِالسَّاحِلِ يَأْخُذْهُ عَدُوٌّ لِي وَعَدُوٌّ لَهُ وَأَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِنِّي وَلِتُصْنَعَ عَلَى عَيْنِي (٣٩) ﴾ ﴿كَيْ نُسَبِّحَكَ كَثِيرًا﴾ قَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ: نُصَلِّي لَكَ كَثِيرًا. ﴿وَنَذْكُرَكَ كَثِيرًا﴾ نَحْمَدُكَ وَنُثْنِي عَلَيْكَ بِمَا أَوْلَيْتَنَا مِنْ نِعَمِكَ. ﴿إِنَّكَ كُنْتَ بِنَا بَصِيرًا﴾ خَبِيرًا عَلِيمًا. ﴿قَالَ﴾ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿قَدْ أُوتِيتَ﴾ أُعْطِيتَ، ﴿سُؤْلَكَ﴾ جَمِيعَ مَا سَأَلْتَهُ، ﴿يَا مُوسَى﴾ ﴿وَلَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَيْكَ﴾ أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَيْكَ، ﴿مَرَّةً أُخْرَى﴾ يَعْنِي قَبْلَ هَذِهِ الْمَرَّةِ وَهِيَ: ﴿إِذْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى أُمِّكَ﴾ وَحْيُ إِلْهَامٍ، ﴿مَا يُوحَى﴾ مَا يُلْهَمُ. ثُمَّ فَسَّرَ ذَلِكَ الْإِلْهَامَ وَعَدَّدَ نِعَمَهُ عَلَيْهِ: ﴿أَنِ اقْذِفِيهِ فِي التَّابُوتِ﴾ أَيْ: أَلْهَمْنَاهَا أَنِ اجْعَلِيهِ فِي التَّابُوتِ، ﴿فَاقْذِفِيهِ فِي الْيَمِّ﴾ يَعْنِي نَهْرَ النِّيلِ، ﴿فَلْيُلْقِهِ الْيَمُّ بِالسَّاحِلِ﴾ يَعْنِي شَاطِئَ النَّهْرِ، لَفْظُهُ أَمْرٌ وَمَعْنَاهُ خَبَرٌ، مَجَازُهُ: حَتَّى يُلْقِيَهُ الْيَمُّ بِالسَّاحِلِ: ﴿يَأْخُذْهُ عَدُوٌّ لِي وَعَدُوٌّ لَهُ﴾ يَعْنِي فِرْعَوْنَ. فَاتَّخَذَتْ تَابُوتًا وَجَعَلَتْ فِيهِ قُطْنًا مَحْلُوجًا وَوَضَعَتْ فِيهِ مُوسَى، وَقَيَّرَتْ رَأْسَهَ وَخَصَاصَهُ -يَعْنِي شُقُوقَهُ -ثُمَّ أَلْقَتْهُ فِي النِّيلِ، وَكَانَ يَشْرَعُ مِنْهُ نَهْرٌ كَبِيرٌ فِي دَارِ فِرْعَوْنَ، فَبَيْنَمَا فِرْعَوْنُ جَالِسٌ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْبِرْكَةِ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ آسِيَةَ إِذْ بِتَابُوتٍ يَجِيءُ بِهِ الْمَاءُ، فَأَمَرَ الْغِلْمَانَ وَالْجَوَارِيَ بِإِخْرَاجِهِ، فَأَخْرَجُوهُ وَفَتَحُوا رَأْسَهُ فَإِذَا صَبِيٌّ مِنْ أَصْبَحِ النَّاسِ وَجْهًا، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ فِرْعَوْنُ أَحَبَّهُ بِحَيْثُ لَمْ يَتَمَالَكْ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَأَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِنِّي﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: أَحَبَّهُ وَحَبَّبَهُ إِلَى خَلْقِهِ: قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ: مَا رَآهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَحَبَّهُ. قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: مَلَاحَةٌ كَانَتْ فِي عَيْنَيْ مُوسَى، مَا رَآهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا عَشِقَهُ. ﴿وَلِتُصْنَعَ عَلَى عَيْنِي﴾ يَعْنِي لِتُرَبَّى بِمَرْأَى وَمَنْظَرٍ مِنِّي، قَرَأَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ "وَلِتُصْنَعْ ".