Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Saʿid ibn al-Musayyib, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “No Muslim three of whose children die will enter the Fire, except in fulfilment of the oath.” (1)

By “the oath,” he meant His saying: “There is none of you but will come to it.”

ʿAbd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad al-Nuʿaymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Ismaʿil informed us; Muslim ibn Ibrahim informed us; Hisham informed us; Qatadah informed us from Anas, from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: “Whoever says, ‘None is worthy of worship but Allah,’ and has in his heart the weight of a barley grain of goodness, will be brought out of the Fire. Whoever says, ‘None is worthy of worship but Allah,’ and has in his heart the weight of a grain of wheat of goodness, will be brought out of the Fire. And whoever says, ‘None is worthy of worship but Allah,’ and has in his heart the weight of a speck of goodness, will be brought out of the Fire.” (2) Aban related from Qatadah that he said “faith” in place of “goodness.”

Abu al-Muzaffar Muhammad ibn Ismaʿil ibn ʿAli al-Shujaʿi informed us; Abu Nasr al-Nuʿman ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmud al-Jurjani informed us; Abu ʿUthman ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd Allah al-Basri informed us; Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhab informed us; Muhammad ibn al-Fadl Abu al-Nuʿman informed us; Sallam ibn Miskin informed us; Abu al-Zilal informed us from Anas ibn Malik, from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him: “A man in the Fire will call out for a thousand years, ‘O Most Compassionate, O Bestower of Favours!’ Allah, exalted is He, will say to Gabriel, ‘Go and bring Me this servant of Mine.’ Gabriel will go and find the people of the Fire bowed down and weeping. He will return and inform his Lord, exalted is He. He will say, ‘Go, for he is in such-and-such a place.’ So he will bring him. He will say, ‘My servant, how have you found your place and your resting-place?’ He will reply, ‘My Lord, it is the worst of places and the worst of resting-places.’ He will say, ‘Return My servant.’ The man will say, ‘I did not expect that You would return me to it after You had brought me out of it.’ Then Allah Most High will say to His angels, ‘Leave My servant.’” (3)

As for His saying, exalted is He, “They will not hear even its faintest sound” (al-Anbiyaʾ 21:102), it has been said that Allah, exalted is He, is speaking of the time when they will be in Paradise: they will not hear its sound then. Thus, it is possible that they heard it before entering Paradise, since He did not say that they had never heard its sound. It is also possible that they will not hear its sound when they enter it, because Allah, exalted is He, will make it cool and safe for them.

(1) Recorded by al-Bukhari in The Book of Oaths and Vows, in the chapter on Allah's saying, “They swear their strongest oaths by Allah,” 11:541; by Muslim in The Book of Righteousness, Maintaining Ties of Kinship, and Manners, in the chapter on the virtue of one whose child dies and who seeks reward for it, no. 2632, 4:2028; and by the author of Sharh al-Sunnah, 5:451. (2) Recorded by al-Bukhari in The Book of Faith, in the chapter on the increase and decrease of faith, 1:103; by Muslim in The Book of Faith, in the chapter on the lowest-ranking inhabitants of Paradise, no. 193, 1:182; and by the author of Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:191. (3) Recorded by Imam Ahmad in al-Musnad, 3:230, and by the author of Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:193-194. Its chain includes Abu Zilal, whose name was Hilal al-Qasmali al-Basri. Ibn Ma'in, Abu Dawud, and al-Nasai deemed him weak. Ibn Adi said: “In most of what he narrates, he is not corroborated by reliable transmitters.” See Tahdhib, 11:75-76.
سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ "لَا يَمُوتُ لِمُسْلِمٍ ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ فَيَلِجُ النَّارَ إِلَّا تَحِلَّةَ الْقَسَمِ" (١) . وَأَرَادَ بِالْقَسَمِ قَوْلَهُ: ﴿وَإِنْ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِدُهَا﴾ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ النُّعَيْمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ أَخْبَرَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ أَخْبَرَنَا قَتَادَةُ عَنْ أَنَسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "يَخْرُجُ مِنَ النَّارِ مَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَفِي قَلْبِهِ وَزْنُ شَعِيرَةٍ مِنْ خَيْرٍ وَيَخْرُجُ مِنَ النَّارَ مَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَفِي قَلْبِهِ وَزْنُ بُرَّةٍ مِنْ خَيْرٍ وَيَخْرُجُ مِنَ النَّارِ مَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَفِي قَلْبِهِ وَزْنَ ذَرَّةٍ مِنْ خَيْرٍ" (٢) وَقَالَ أَبَانُ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ: "مِنْ إِيمَانٍ" مَكَانَ "خَيْرٍ". أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْمُظَفَّرِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الشُّجَاعِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ النُّعْمَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَحْمُودٍ الْجُرْجَانِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عُثْمَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَصْرِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ أَخْبَرَنَا سَلَّامُ بْنُ مِسْكِينٍ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الظِّلَالِ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَنَّ رَجُلًا فِي النَّارِ يُنَادِي أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ يَا حَنَّانُ يَا مَنَّانُ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ ﷿ لجبريل: اذهب فائتني بِعَبْدِي هَذَا قَالَ: فَذَهَبَ جِبْرِيلُ فَوَجَدَ أَهْلَ النَّارِ مُنْكَبِّينَ يَبْكُونَ قَالَ: فَرَجَعَ فَأَخْبَرَ رَبَّهُ ﷿ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَإِنَّهُ فِي مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ: فَجَاءَ بِهِ قَالَ: يَا عَبْدِي كَيْفَ وَجَدْتَ مَكَانَكَ وَمَقِيلَكَ؟ قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ شَرَّ مَكَانٍ وَشَرَّ مَقِيلٍ قَالَ، رُدُّوا عَبْدِي قَالَ: مَا كُنْتُ أَرْجُو أَنْ تُعِيدَنِي إِلَيْهَا إِذْ أَخْرَجْتَنِي مِنْهَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِمَلَائِكَتِهِ دَعُوا عَبْدِي" (٣) . وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ ﷿: "لَا يَسْمَعُونَ حَسِيسَهَا" (الْأَنْبِيَاءِ:١٠٢) قِيلَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ ﷿ أَخْبَرَ عَنْ وَقْتِ كَوْنِهِمْ فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ حَسِيسَهَا فَيَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونُوا قَدْ سَمِعُوا ذَلِكَ قَبْلَ دُخُولِهِمُ الْجَنَّةَ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَقُلْ: لَمْ يَسْمَعُوا حَسِيسَهَا وَيَجُوزُ أَنْ لَا يَسْمَعُوا حَسِيسَهَا عِنْدَ دُخُولِهِمْ إِيَّاهَا لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ ﷿ يَجْعَلُهَا عَلَيْهِمْ بَرْدًا وَسَلَامًا.
(١) أخرجه البخاري في الأيمان والنذور باب قول الله تعالى: "وأقسموا بالله جهد أيمانهم" ١١ / ٥٤١، ومسلم في البر والصلة والآداب باب فضل من يموت له ولد فيحتسبه برقم (٢٦٣٢) : ٤ / ٢٠٢٨، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٥ / ٤٥١. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في الإيمان باب زيادة الإيمان ونقصه: ١ / ١٠٣، ومسلم في الإيمان باب أدنى أهل الجنة منزلة فيها برقم (١٩٣) : ١ / ١٨٢، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ١٩١. (٣) أخرجه الإمام أحمد في المسند: ٣ / ٢٣٠، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ١٩٣-١٩٤. وفيه أبو ظلال واسمه: هلال القسملي البصري ضعفه ابن معين وأبو داود والنسائي. وقال ابن عدي: عامة ما يرويه لا يتابعه عليه الثقات (التهذيب: ١١ / ٧٥-٧٦) .

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