Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (1/174)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

from Quraysh, into the house of the family of Abu Husayn, to watch the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, as he ran between al-Safa and al-Marwah. I saw him running so vigorously that his waist-wrapper whirled about, until I said, ‘I can see his knees.’ And I heard him say: ‘Run, for Allah has prescribed the sa'i for you.’ (1)

Abu al-Hasan Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Sarakhsi informed us; Zahir ibn Ahmad informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Hashimi informed us; Abu Mus'ab informed us, from Malik, from Hisham ibn Urwah, from his father, who said: I said to Aishah, the wife of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, ‘What do you say regarding the words of Allah Most High: “Indeed, al-Safa and al-Marwah are among the sacred rites of Allah. So whoever makes pilgrimage to the House or undertakes Umrah incurs no sin by going between them”? I do not think anyone incurs any blame if he does not go between them.’ Aishah said: ‘No! Had it been as you say, it would have read: “He incurs no sin if he does not go between them.” This verse was revealed concerning the Ansar. They would enter into consecration for Manat, and Manat was situated opposite Qudayd; and they felt reluctant to go between al-Safa and al-Marwah. When Islam came, they asked the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, about this, so Allah Most High revealed: “Indeed, al-Safa and al-Marwah are among the sacred rites of Allah”—to the end of the verse.’ (2)

Asim said: I said to Anas ibn Malik, ‘Did you dislike the sa'i between al-Safa and al-Marwah?’ He said, ‘Yes, because it had been one of the rites of the Age of Ignorance, until Allah Most High revealed: “Indeed, al-Safa and al-Marwah are among the sacred rites of Allah.”’

Abu al-Hasan al-Sarakhsi informed us; Zahir ibn Ahmad informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Hashimi informed us; Abu Mus'ab informed us, from Malik, from Jafar ibn Muhammad, from his father, from Jabir ibn Abd Allah, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, when he left the mosque intending to go to al-Safa, say: ‘We begin with what Allah Most High began with.’ So he began with al-Safa. He said: When he stood upon al-Safa, he would proclaim Allah’s greatness three times and say: ‘There is no god but Allah alone, without partner. To Him belongs all dominion, and to Him belongs all praise, and He has power over all things.’ He would do this three times, making supplication, and he would do the same upon al-Marwah. He also said: When he descended from al-Safa, he walked until his feet descended into the valley floor; then he ran until he emerged from it. (3)

(1) Al-Daraqutni narrated it through Ibn al-Mubarak with the wording: “Maruf ibn Mishkan informed me; Mansur ibn Abd al-Rahman informed me, from Umm Safiyyah, who said: Women of Banu Abd al-Dar who had lived to meet the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, informed me ...” The author of al-Tanqih said: “Its chain is sound. Maruf ibn Mishkan is trustworthy, and we know of no one who criticized him. This Mansur is reliable, and is narrated from in both Sahih collections.” See al-Taliq al-Mughni, 2:255. Al-Tabarani narrated it in al-Kabir; its chain contains Abdullah ibn al-Muammal. Ibn Hibban declared him trustworthy, while noting that he erred; others deemed him weak. See al-Majma, 3:247. Ahmad, 6:422, narrated it from Habibah bint Abi Tajza'ah; the correct name is bint Abi Tajrah. See Usd al-Ghabah, 7:59. The author also cites it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 7:141. (2) Narrated by al-Bukhari in Tafsir, 8:175; Muslim in Hajj, 2:928; and the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 7:139. (3) Narrated at length by Muslim in Hajj, chapter: “The Pilgrimage of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him,” no. 1218, 2:886, in the well-known hadith of Jabir. The author also cites it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 7:136.

مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ دَارَ آلِ أَبِي حُسَيْنٍ نَنْظُرُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَسْعَى بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ فَرَأَيْتُهُ يَسْعَى وَإِنَّ مِئْزَرَهُ لَيَدُورُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ السَّعْيِ حَتَّى لَأَقُولُ إِنِّي لِأَرَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ، وَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ "اسْعَوْا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ عَلَيْكُمُ السَّعْيَ" (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّرَخْسِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِعَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَرَأَيْتِ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ﴿إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ فَمَنْ حَجَّ الْبَيْتَ أَوِ اعْتَمَرَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَطَّوَّفَ بِهِمَا﴾ فَمَا أَرَى عَلَى أَحَدٍ شَيْئًا أَلَّا يَطَّوَّفَ بِهِمَا، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: كَلَّا لَوْ كَانَتْ كَمَا تَقُولُ كَانَتْ "فَلَا جَنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا يَطَّوَّفَ بِهِمَا" إِنَّمَا أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي الْأَنْصَارِ كَانُوا يُهِلُّونَ لِمَنَاةَ وَكَانَتْ مَنَاةُ حَذْوَ قُدَيْدٍ وَكَانُوا يَتَحَرَّجُونَ أَنْ يَطَّوَّفُوا بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ. فَلَمَّا جَاءَ الْإِسْلَامُ سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى ﴿إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ﴾ الْآيَةَ. (٢) قَالَ عَاصِمٌ: قُلْتُ لِأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَكُنْتُمْ تَكْرَهُونَ السَّعْيَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، لِأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى ﴿إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ﴾ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ السَّرَخْسِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ الصَّفَا يَقُولُ "نَبْدَأُ بِمَا بَدَأَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِهِ" فَبَدَأَ بِالصَّفَا. وَقَالَ كَانَ إِذَا وَقَفَ عَلَى الصَّفَا يُكَبِّرُ ثَلَاثًا وَيَقُولُ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ. يَصْنَعُ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَيَدْعُو وَيَصْنَعُ عَلَى الْمَرْوَةِ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ. وَقَالَ: كَانَ إِذَا نَزَلَ مِنَ الصَّفَا مَشَى حَتَّى إِذَا انْصَبَّتْ قَدَمَاهُ فِي بَطْنِ الْوَادِي يَسْعَى حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ مِنْهُ. (٣)

(١) رواه الدارقطني: عن ابن المبارك بقوله: أخبرني معروف بن مشكان أخبرني منصور بن عبد الرحمن عن أم صفية قالت: أخبرتني نسوة من بني عبد الدار اللائي أدركن رسول الله ﷺ.... قال صاحب التنقيح: إسناده صحيح ومعروف بن مشكان صدوق لا نعلم من تكلم فيه ومنصور هذا ثقة مخرج له في الصحيحين - عن التعليق المغني ٢ / ٢٥٥. الطبراني: في الكبير وفيه عبد الله بن المؤمل وثقة ابن حبان وقال يخطئ وضعفه غيره (المجمع: ٣ / ٢٤٧) أحمد: ٦ / ٤٢٢ عن حبيبة بنت أبي تجزئة والصحيح بنت أبي تجراة انظر أسد الغابة ٧ / ٥٩. والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٧ / ١٤١. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في التفسير: ٨ / ١٧٥، ومسلم في الحج: ٢ / ٩٢٨، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٧ / ١٣٩. (٣) رواه مسلم: في الحج - باب: حجة النبي ﷺ برقم (١٢١٨) ٢ / ٨٨٦ مطولا من حديث جابر المشهور. والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٧ / ١٣٦.