Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/209)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“And We shall leave them, on that Day, surging over one another; then the Trumpet will be blown, and We shall gather them all together. And on that Day We shall display Hell openly before the disbelievers—those whose eyes were veiled from My remembrance and who were unable to hear. Do those who disbelieve then suppose that they can take My servants as protectors besides Me? Indeed, We have prepared Hell as a lodging for the disbelievers.”

Concerning His words, exalted is He, “And We shall leave them, on that Day, surging over one another,” it was said that this will occur when the barrier is opened. That is, We shall leave Gog and Magog surging among one another: they will press into one another like waves of water and intermingle because of their great numbers.

It was also said that this will occur at the coming of the Hour: created beings will press into one another, and their human beings will intermingle with their jinn, bewildered. “Then the Trumpet will be blown”—for the emergence of Gog and Magog is among the signs that the Hour is near—“and We shall gather them all together,” upon a single plain. “And We shall display”—that is, bring forth—“Hell openly before the disbelievers,” so that they will behold it with their own eyes.

“Those whose eyes were veiled”—that is, covered; a veil is that by which something is covered and concealed—“from My remembrance,” meaning from faith and the Quran, and from guidance and clarification. It was also said: from seeing the proofs.

“And who were unable to hear,” meaning, to hear with acceptance and faith, because wretchedness had overcome them.

It was also said that they did not understand. Another interpretation is that they were unable—that is, incapable—of listening to what the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, recited to them, because of the intensity of their hostility toward him. This is like a man saying, “Because of my enmity toward so-and-so, I cannot bear to hear anything from him.”

Concerning His words, exalted is He, “Do those who disbelieve then suppose that they can take My servants as protectors besides Me?”—that is, as lords—the servants meant here are Jesus and the angels. No indeed; rather, they are enemies to them and will disavow them.

Ibn Abbas said: This refers to the devils, whom they obeyed besides Allah. Muqatil said: The idols are called servants, as He says: “Surely those whom you call upon besides Allah are servants like yourselves” (Al-A‘raf 7:194). The answer to this interrogative is omitted.

Ibn Abbas said: That is, “I become angry for My own sake.” In other words: Do those who disbelieve suppose that they may take protectors besides Me, and that I will not become angry for My own sake or punish them?

(1) Manuscript B reads: "summiyat" (it was named).

﴿وَتَرَكْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَمُوجُ فِي بَعْضٍ وَنُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَجَمَعْنَاهُمْ جَمْعًا (٩٩) وَعَرَضْنَا جَهَنَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْكَافِرِينَ عَرْضًا (١٠٠) الَّذِينَ كَانَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ فِي غِطَاءٍ عَنْ ذِكْرِي وَكَانُوا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَمْعًا (١٠١) أَفَحَسِبَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنْ يَتَّخِذُوا عِبَادِي مِنْ دُونِي أَوْلِيَاءَ إِنَّا أَعْتَدْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَافِرِينَ نُزُلًا (١٠٢) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿ ﴿وَتَرَكْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَمُوجُ فِي بَعْضٍ﴾ قِيلَ: هَذَا عِنْدَ فَتْحِ السَّدِّ، يَقُولُ: تَرَكْنَا يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ يَمُوجُ، أَيْ: يَدْخُلُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ كَمَوْجِ الْمَاءِ وَيَخْتَلِطُ بَعْضُهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لِكَثْرَتِهِمْ. وَقِيلَ: هَذَا عِنْدَ قِيَامِ السَّاعَةِ، يَدْخُلُ الْخَلْقُ بَعْضُهُمْ فِي بَعْضٍ وَيَخْتَلِطُ إِنْسِيُّهُمْ بِجِنِّيِّهِمْ حَيَارَى. ﴿وَنُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ﴾ لِأَنَّ خُرُوجَ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ مِنْ عَلَامَاتِ قُرْبِ السَّاعَةِ ﴿فَجَمَعْنَاهُمْ جَمْعًا﴾ فِي صَعِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ. ﴿وَعَرَضْنَا﴾ أَبْرَزْنَا ﴿جَهَنَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْكَافِرِينَ عَرْضًا﴾ حَتَّى يُشَاهِدُوهَا عِيَانًا. ﴿الَّذِينَ كَانَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ فِي غِطَاءٍ﴾ أَيْ: غِشَاءٍ وَ"الْغِطَاءُ": مَا يُغَطَّى بِهِ الشَّيْءُ وَيَسْتُرُهُ ﴿عَنْ ذِكْرِي﴾ يَعْنِي: عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ وَالْقُرْآنِ، وَعَنِ الْهُدَى وَالْبَيَانِ. وَقِيلَ: عَنْ رُؤْيَةِ الدَّلَائِلِ. ﴿وَكَانُوا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَمْعًا﴾ أَيْ: سَمْعَ الْقَبُولِ وَالْإِيمَانِ، لِغَلَبَةِ الشَّقَاوَةِ عَلَيْهِمْ. وَقِيلَ: لَا يَعْقِلُونَ وَقِيلَ: كَانُوا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ أَيْ: لَا يَقْدِرُونَ أَنْ يَسْمَعُوا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا يَتْلُوهُ عَلَيْهِمْ لِشِدَّةِ عَدَاوَتِهِمْ لَهُ، كَقَوْلِ الرَّجُلِ: لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أَسْمَعَ مِنْ فُلَانٍ شَيْئًا لِعَدَاوَتِهِ. قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿أَفَحَسِبَ﴾ أَفَظَنَّ ﴿الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنْ يَتَّخِذُوا عِبَادِي مِنْ دُونِي أَوْلِيَاءَ﴾ أَرْبَابًا يُرِيدُ بِالْعِبَادِ: عِيسَى وَالْمَلَائِكَةَ كَلَّا بَلْ هُمْ لَهُمْ أَعْدَاءٌ وَيَتَبَرَّءُونَ مِنْهُمْ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: يَعْنِي الشَّيَاطِينَ أَطَاعُوهُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ. وَقَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: الْأَصْنَامُ سُمُّوا (١) عِبَادًا كَمَا قَالَ: "إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ عِبَادٌ أَمْثَالُكُمْ" (الْأَعْرَافِ-١٩٤) وَجَوَابُ هَذَا الِاسْتِفْهَامِ مَحْذُوفٌ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: يُرِيدُ إِنِّي لَأَغْضَبُ لِنَفْسِي، يَقُولُ: أَفَظَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنْ يَتَّخِذُوا غَيْرِي أَوْلِيَاءَ وَأَنِّي لَا أَغْضَبُ لِنَفْسِي وَلَا أُعَاقِبُهُمْ.

(١) في "ب": سميت.