Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/168)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi Tawbah informed us; Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Harith informed us; Muhammad ibn Yaqub al-Kisa’i informed us; Abd Allah ibn Mahmud informed us; Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah al-Khallal informed us; Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak informed us, from Rushdayn ibn Sa‘d, who said: Amr ibn al-Harith related to me, from Darraj ibn Abi al-Samh, from Abu al-Haytham ibn Abd Allah, from Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The enclosure of the Fire has four walls, the thickness of each wall being equal to a journey of forty years.” (1)

Ibn Abbas said: It is a wall of fire.

Al-Kalbi said: It is a neck that emerges from the Fire and surrounds the disbelievers like an enclosure.

It was also said: It is smoke that surrounds the disbelievers, and this is what Allah, exalted is He, mentioned: “Proceed to a shadow of three branches.” (al-Mursalat 30)

“And if they cry out for relief,” because of the intensity of their thirst, “they will be relieved with water like molten metal.”

Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi Tawbah informed us; Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Harith informed us; Muhammad ibn Yaqub al-Kisa’i informed us; Abd Allah ibn Mahmud informed us; Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah al-Khallal related to us; Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak related to us, from Rushdayn ⦗218b⦘ ibn Sa‘d, from Amr ibn al-Harith, from Darraj ibn Abi al-Samh, from Abu al-Haytham, from Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said regarding “water like molten metal”: “It is like the dregs of oil; when it is brought near him, the skin of his face falls into it.” (2)

Ibn Abbas said: It is thick water, like the sediment of oil.

Mujahid said: It is pus and blood.

Ibn Mas‘ud was asked about molten metal, so he called for gold and silver and kindled a fire beneath them until they melted. He then said: This is the thing most closely resembling molten metal. (3)

“It will scald their faces”: that is, its heat will cook their faces.

“What an evil drink, and what an evil resting place!” Ibn Abbas said: a dwelling. Mujahid said: a gathering place. Ata said: a permanent abode. Al-Qutaybi said: a sitting place. The original meaning of “resting place” is a place upon which one reclines. (4)

(1) Recorded by al-Tirmidhi in the sections on the description of Hell, in the chapter on the drink of the people of Hell, 7:306. He said: “We know this hadith only through the narration of Rushdayn, and Rushdayn ibn Sad has been criticized.” It was also recorded by Ahmad in al-Musnad, 3:29; al-Hakim, 4:601; al-Tabari, 15:239; and al-Baghawi in Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:245. Its chain of transmission is weak because Rushdayn and Darraj are weak narrators. (2) Recorded by al-Tirmidhi in the sections on the description of Hell, in the chapter on the drink of the people of Hell, 7:305-306; Ahmad, 3:70-71; al-Hakim, 4:604; and al-Baghawi in Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:245, through the same chain of transmission. It is weak. (3) See these views in Zad al-Masir, 5:135. (4) See Zad al-Masir, 5:136.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي تَوْبَةَ أَنْبَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ أَنْبَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْكِسَائِيُّ أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَحْمُودٍ أَنْبَأَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَلَّالُ أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ رِشْدِينَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ دَرَّاجِ بْنِ أَبِي السَّمْحِ عَنْ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ: أَنَّهُ قَالَ: "سُرَادِقُ النَّارِ أَرْبَعَةُ جُدُرٍ كَثْفُ كُلِّ جِدَارٍ مِثْلُ مَسِيرَةِ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً" (١) . قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: هُوَ حَائِطٌ مِنْ نَارٍ. وَقَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ: هُوَ عُنُقٌ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ النَّارِ فَيُحِيطُ بِالْكُفَّارِ كَالْحَظِيرَةِ. وَقِيلَ: هُوَ دُخَانٌ يُحِيطُ بِالْكُفَّارِ وَهُوَ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: "انْطَلِقُوا إِلَى ظِلٍّ ذِي ثَلَاثِ شُعَبٍ" (الْمُرْسَلَاتِ-٣٠) . ﴿وَإِنْ يَسْتَغِيثُوا﴾ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْعَطَشِ ﴿يُغَاثُوا بِمَاءٍ كَالْمُهْلِ﴾ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي تَوْبَةَ أَنْبَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ أَنْبَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْكِسَائِيُّ أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَحْمُودٍ أَنْبَأَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَلَّالُ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عن رشدين ٢١٨/ب بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ دَرَّاجِ بْنِ أَبِي السَّمْحِ عَنْ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ﵁ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: " ﴿بِمَاءٍ كَالْمُهْلِ﴾ قَالَ كَعَكَرِ الزَّيْتِ فَإِذَا قُرِّبَ إِلَيْهِ سَقَطَتْ فَرْوَةُ وَجْهِهِ فِيهِ" (٢) . وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: هُوَ مَاءٌ غَلِيظٌ مِثْلُ دُرْدِيِّ الزَّيْتِ. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: هُوَ الْقَيْحُ وَالدَّمُ. وَسُئِلَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ عَنِ: "الْمُهْلِ" فَدَعَا بِذَهَبٍ وَفِضَّةٍ فَأَوْقَدَ عَلَيْهِمَا النَّارَ حَتَّى ذَابَا ثُمَّ قَالَ: هَذَا أَشْبَهُ شَيْءٍ بِالْمُهْلِ (٣) . ﴿يَشْوِي الْوُجُوهَ﴾ يُنْضِجُ الْوُجُوهَ مِنْ حَرِّهِ. ﴿بِئْسَ الشَّرَابُ وَسَاءَتْ﴾ النَّارُ ﴿مُرْتَفَقًا﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: مَنْزِلًا وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: مُجْتَمَعًا وَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ: مَقَرًّا. وَقَالَ الْقُتَيْبِيُّ: مَجْلِسًا. وَأَصْلُ "الْمُرْتَفَقِ": الْمُتَّكَأُ (٤) .

(١) أخرجه الترمذي في أبواب صفة جهنم باب ما جاء في صفة شراب أهل النار: ٧ / ٣٠٦ وقال: "هذا حديث إنما نعرفه من حديث رشدين وفي رشدين بن سعد مقال" وأخرجه الإمام أحمد في المسند: ٣ / ٢٩ والحاكم: ٤ / ٦٠١ والطبري: ١٥ / ٢٣٩ والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ٢٤٥. وإسناده ضعيف لضعف رشدين ودراج ضعيف. (٢) أخرجه الترمذي في أبواب صفة جهنم باب ما جاء في صفة شراب أهل النار: ٧ / ٣٠٥-٣٠٦، وأحمد: ٣ / ٧٠-٧١، والحاكم: ٤ / ٦٠٤، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ٢٤٥، بنفس الإسناد، وهو ضعيف. (٣) انظر هذه الأقوال في: زاد المسير: ٥ / ١٣٥. (٤) انظر: زاد المسير: ٥ / ١٣٦.