Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/139)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“Say, ‘All praise is for Allah, Who has never had offspring, nor does He have a partner in His Kingdom, nor is He so weak as to need a protector. And proclaim His greatness magnificently.’” (111)

Regarding His saying, “Say, ‘All praise is for Allah, Who has never had offspring,’” Allah commanded His Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, to praise Him for His oneness. The meaning of “All praise is for Allah” is to extol Him as He deserves.

Al-Husayn ibn al-Fadl said: “That is, all praise is for Allah, who has made known to me that He has not taken a child.”

“And He has no partner in His Kingdom, nor is He so weak as to need a protector.” Mujahid said: “He has not been weakened such that He would need a protector through whom He might gain strength.”

“And proclaim His greatness magnificently”: that is, magnify Him and declare Him far above having a partner or a protector.

Imam Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Qadi informed us; Imam Abu al-Tayyib Sahl [ibn Muhammad ibn Sulayman narrated to us; Abu al-Abbas al-Asamm narrated to us; Muhammad ibn Yaqub narrated to us; Muhammad ibn Ishaq al-Saghani narrated to us; Nadr ibn Hammad, Abu al-Harith al-Warraq, narrated to us from Shubah] (1), from Habib ibn Abi Thabit, who said: I heard Said ibn Jubayr narrating from Ibn Abbas that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The first people to be called to Paradise on the Day of Resurrection will be those who praise Allah in prosperity and adversity.” (2)

Abd al-Wahid ibn Ahmad al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Naimi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Salihi informed us; Abu al-Hasan ibn Bishran informed us; Ismail ibn Muhammad al-Saffar informed us; Ahmad ibn Mansur al-Ramadi informed us; Abd al-Razzaq related to us; Mamar related to us from Qatadah, that Abd Allah ibn Amr said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “All praise is the foundation of gratitude. A servant who does not praise Him has not thanked Allah.” (3)

Abu al-Fadl ibn Ziyad ibn Muhammad al-Hanafi informed us; Abu Muhammad Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad al-Ansari informed us;

(1) The text within the parentheses is omitted from manuscript “B.” (2) Reported by al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, 12:19, and al-Mu'jam al-Saghir, 1:103; authenticated by al-Hakim, 1:502; and reported by Abu Nu'aym in al-Hilyah, 5:69. In al-Mishkat, it is attributed to al-Bayhaqi in Shu'ab al-Iman, 2:714. Its chain includes Nasr ibn Hammad, who is weak. Al-Haythami said in Majma' al-Zawa'id, 10:95: “Al-Tabarani narrated it in his three Mu'jams through several chains. One of them contains Qays ibn al-Rabi', whom Shu'bah, al-Thawri, and others considered trustworthy, while Yahya al-Qattan and others declared him weak. The remaining narrators are narrators of the Sahih. Al-Bazzar also narrated it with similar wording, and its chain is sound.” The author also reported it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 5:49. Al-Albani graded it weak in Silsilat al-Ahadith al-Da'ifah, 2:93-94. (3) Reported by Abd al-Razzaq in al-Musannaf, 10:424; by al-Bayhaqi in al-Jami' li-Shu'ab al-Iman, as cited in al-Mishkat, 2:714; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 5:50. It was also narrated by al-Khattabi in Gharib al-Hadith and by al-Daylami in al-Firdaws, through a chain whose narrators are trustworthy, though it is interrupted between Qatadah and Ibn Amr. See al-Manawi, Fayd al-Qadir, 3:418.

﴿وَقُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَدًا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي الْمُلْكِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلِيٌّ مِنَ الذُّلِّ وَكَبِّرْهُ تَكْبِيرًا (١١١) ﴾ ﴿وَقُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَدًا﴾ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ بِأَنْ يَحْمَدَهُ عَلَى وَحْدَانِيَّتِهِ وَمَعْنَى الْحَمْدِ لِلَّهِ هُوَ: الثَّنَاءُ عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ. قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ: يَعْنِي: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي عَرَّفَنِي أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَدًا. ﴿وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي الْمُلْكِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلِيٌّ مِنَ الذُّلِّ﴾ قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: لَمْ يُذَلَّ فَيَحْتَاجَ إِلَى وَلِيٍّ يَتَعَزَّزُ بِهِ. ﴿وَكَبِّرْهُ تَكْبِيرًا﴾ أَيْ: وَعَظِّمْهُ عَنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ شَرِيكٌ أَوْ وَلِيٌّ. أَخْبَرَنَا الْإِمَامُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاضِي أَخْبَرَنَا الْإِمَامُ أَبُو الطَّيِّبِ سَهْلُ [بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا نَضْرُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ أَبُو الْحَارِثِ الْوَرَّاقُ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ] (١) عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَوَّلُ مَنْ يُدْعَى إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الَّذِينَ يَحْمَدُونَ اللَّهَ فِي السَّرَّاءِ وَالضَّرَّاءِ" (٢) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَلِيحِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ بَشْرَانَ أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الرَّمَادِيُّ أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرٍو قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَأْسُ الشُّكْرِ مَا شَكَرَ اللَّهَ عَبْدٌ لَا يَحْمَدُهُ" (٣) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ زِيَادِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَنَفِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ

(١) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "ب". (٢) أخرجه الطبراني في المعجم الكبير: ١٢ / ١٩، وفي المعجم الصغير ١ / ١٠٣، وصححه الحاكم: ١ / ٥٠٢ وأخرجه أبو نعيم في الحلية: ٥ / ٦٩، وعزاه في المشكاة للبيهقي في الشعب ٢ / ٧١٤، وفيه نصر بن حماد وهو ضعيف. قال الهيثمي في المجمع (١٠ / ٩٥) : رواه الطبراني في الثلاثة بأسانيد، وفي أحدها قيس بن الربيع ثقة وشعبة والثوري وغيرهما وضعفه يحيى القطان وغيره وبقية رجاله رجال الصحيح ورواه البزار بنحوه وإسناده حسن". وأخرجه المصنف في شرح السنة: ٥ / ٤٩، وضعفه الألباني في سلسلة الأحاديث الضعيفة: ٢ / ٩٣-٩٤. (٣) أخرجه عبد الرزاق في المصنف: ١٠ / ٤٢٤، والبيهقي في الجامع لشعب الإيمان كما في المشكاة: ٢ / ٧١٤، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٥ / ٥٠. ورواه الخطابي في غريب الحديث والديلمي في الفردوس بسند رجاله ثقات وهو منقطع بين قتادة وابن عمرو. انظر: فيض القدير للمناوي: ٣ / ٤١٨.