Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/15)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“There is no doubt that Allah knows what they conceal and what they disclose. Indeed, He does not love the arrogant. (23) When it is said to them, ‘What has your Lord sent down?’ they say, ‘Legends of the former peoples,’ (24) so that they may bear their burdens in full on the Day of Resurrection, along with some of the burdens of those whom they lead astray without knowledge. How evil is what they bear! (25)”

“There is no doubt” means: truly. “Allah knows what they conceal and what they disclose. Indeed, He does not love the arrogant.”

Abu Sa‘id Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmi al-Bistami informed us; Abu al-Hasan ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Ibrahim ibn Sakhtawayh informed us; Abu al-Fadl Sufyan ibn Muhammad al-Jawhari informed us; ‘Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Abi ‘Isa al-Hilali narrated to us; Yahya ibn Hammad narrated to us; Shu‘bah narrated to us, from Aban ibn Taghlib, from Fudayl al-Fuqaymi, from Ibrahim al-Nakha‘i, from ‘Alqamah ibn Qays, from ‘Abdullah, who reported that the Prophet, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, said: “No one who has even an atom’s weight of arrogance in his heart will enter Paradise, and no one who has even an atom’s weight of faith in his heart will enter the Fire.” A man said, “O Messenger of Allah, a man likes his garment to be fine.” He said, “Allah is beautiful and loves beauty. Arrogance is rejecting the truth and looking down on people.” (1)

“And when it is said to them”—that is, to those who do not believe in the Hereafter: the idolaters of Mecca who had divided its mountain passes among themselves. (2) When a pilgrim asked them, “What has your Lord sent down?” they replied, “Legends of the former peoples”—that is, their tales and falsehoods.

“So that they may bear their burdens”—the sins of their own souls—“in full.” The completeness of those burdens is mentioned because the afflictions that befall them in this world, and the good deeds they perform, do not expiate anything of their sins. “On the Day of Resurrection, along with some of the burdens of those whom they lead astray without knowledge”—that is, without any proof; thus they turn them away from faith. “How evil is what they bear!”—that is, what they carry.

Abu ‘Abdullah Muhammad ibn al-Fadl al-Kharaqi informed us; Abu al-Hasan ‘Ali ibn ‘Abdullah al-Taysafuni informed us; ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar al-Jawhari informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Ali al-Kushmihini informed us; ‘Ali ibn Hujr narrated to us; Isma‘il ibn Ja‘far narrated to us, from al-‘Ala’ ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Whoever calls others to guidance will have a reward like the rewards of those who follow him, without that diminishing anything from their rewards. And whoever calls others to misguidance will bear a sin like the sins of those who follow him, without that diminishing anything from their sins.” (3)

(1) Reported by Muslim in al-Iman (Faith), chapter on the prohibition and explanation of arrogance, no. 91, 1:93; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 13:165. (2) It is the plural of 'aqabah (mountain pass). See the preceding discussion under Surat al-Hijr, verse 9, p. 369. (3) Reported by Muslim in al-Ilm (Knowledge), chapter on whoever establishes a good or evil sunnah (precedent), no. 2674, 4:2060; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 1:232.

﴿لَا جَرَمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ إِنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُسْتَكْبِرِينَ (٢٣) وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ مَاذَا أَنْزَلَ رَبُّكُمْ قَالُوا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ (٢٤) لِيَحْمِلُوا أَوْزَارَهُمْ كَامِلَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمِنْ أَوْزَارِ الَّذِينَ يُضِلُّونَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ أَلَا سَاءَ مَا يَزِرُونَ (٢٥) ﴾ ﴿لَا جَرَمَ﴾ حَقًّا ﴿أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ إِنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُسْتَكْبِرِينَ﴾ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ بَكْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَحْمِيٍّ الْبَسْطَامِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنُ سَخْتَوَيْهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عِيسَى الْهِلَالِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ أَبَانَ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ، عَنْ فُضَيْلٍ الْفُقَيْمِيِّ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مَنْ فِي قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ ذَرَّةٍ مِنْ كِبْرٍ، وَلَا يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ مَنْ فِي قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ ذَرَّةٍ مِنْ إِيمَانٍ"، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ ثَوْبُهُ حَسَنًا؟ قَالَ: "إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَمِيلٌ يُحِبُّ الْجَمَالَ، الْكِبْرُ بَطَرُ الْحَقِّ وَغَمْطُ النَّاسِ" (١) . ﴿وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ﴾ يَعْنِي: لِهَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ، وَهُمْ مُشْرِكُو مَكَّةَ الَّذِينَ اقْتَسَمُوا عِقَابَهَا (٢) إذا سأل منهم الْحَاجُّ: ﴿مَاذَا أَنْزَلَ رَبُّكُمْ قَالُوا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ﴾ أَحَادِيثُهُمْ وَأَبَاطِيلُهُمْ. ﴿لِيَحْمِلُوا أَوْزَارَهُمْ﴾ ذُنُوبَ أَنْفُسِهِمْ، ﴿كَامِلَةً﴾ وَإِنَّمَا ذَكَرَ الْكَمَالَ لِأَنَّ الْبَلَايَا الَّتِي تَلْحَقُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَمَا يَفْعَلُونَ مِنَ الْحَسَنَاتِ لَا تُكَفِّرُ عَنْهُمْ شَيْئًا، ﴿يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمِنْ أَوْزَارِ الَّذِينَ يُضِلُّونَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ﴾ بِغَيْرِ حُجَّةٍ فَيَصُدُّونَهُمْ عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ، ﴿أَلَا سَاءَ مَا يَزِرُونَ﴾ يَحْمِلُونَ. أَنْبَأَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْخَرَقِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الطَّيْسَفُونِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْكُشْمِيهَنِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "مَنْ دَعَا إِلَى هُدًى كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلُ أُجُورِ مَنْ تَبِعَهُ لَا يُنْقِصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَيْئًا، وَمَنْ دَعَا إِلَى ضَلَالَةٍ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْإِثْمِ مِثْلُ آثَامِ مَنْ تَبِعَهُ لَا يُنْقِصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ آثَامِهِمْ شَيْئًا" (٣) .

(١) أخرجه مسلم في الإيمان، باب تحريم الكبر وبيانه، برقم (٩١) : ١ / ٩٣، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٣ / ١٦٥. (٢) جمع عقبة، وانظر فيما سبق، سورة الحجر، الآية (٩) : ص ٣٦٩. (٣) أخرجه مسلم في العلم، باب من سن سنة حسنة أو سيئة، برقم (٢٦٧٤) : ٤ / ٢٠٦٠، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١ / ٢٣٢.