Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (5/12)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“With it He causes crops, olives, date palms, grapevines, and every kind of fruit to grow for you. Surely in this is a sign for people who reflect. (11) And He has subjected for you the night and the day, the sun and the moon; and the stars are subjected by His command. Surely in this are signs for people who understand. (12) And whatever He has created for you on the earth, diverse in its colours—surely in this is a sign for people who take heed. (13) And He is the One Who has subjected the sea, so that you may eat from it tender meat and bring forth from it ornaments for you to wear. And you see the ships ploughing through it, so that you may seek of His bounty and give thanks. (14)”

His saying, Exalted is He, “With it He causes to grow for you,” means: Allah causes it to grow for you by means of the water that He sent down. Abu Bakr, in his transmission from ‘Asim, recited it as: “We cause to grow.”

“Crops, olives, date palms, grapevines, and every kind of fruit—surely in this is a sign for people who reflect.”

“And He has subjected for you”—that is, He has made subservient to you (1)—“the night and the day, the sun and the moon; and the stars are subjected,” meaning, made subservient, “by His command,” that is, by His permission. Hafs (2) recited “and the stars are subjected” in the nominative case, as the subject of a new clause.

“Surely in this are signs for people who understand. And whatever He has created”—that is, brought into existence—“for you,” meaning, for your sake; that is, He has subjected to you what He created for your benefit, “on the earth,” including animals, trees, fruits, and other things, “diverse,” in the circumstantial accusative, “in its colours.”

“Surely in this is a sign for people who take heed,” that is, who draw lessons.

“And He is the One Who has subjected the sea, so that you may eat from it tender meat,” meaning fish, “and bring forth from it ornaments for you to wear,” meaning pearls and coral, “and you see the ships ploughing through it,” that is, sailing upon it.

Qatadah said: They are coming and going; thus, you see two ships, one approaching and the other departing, both sailing with the same wind.

Al-Hasan said: “Ploughing through it” means laden.

(1) Omitted in manuscript B. (2) In manuscript B: Ja'far.

﴿يُنْبِتُ لَكُمْ بِهِ الزَّرْعَ وَالزَّيْتُونَ وَالنَّخِيلَ وَالْأَعْنَابَ وَمِنْ كُلِّ الثَّمَرَاتِ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ (١١) وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمُ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ وَالنُّجُومُ مُسَخَّرَاتٌ بِأَمْرِهِ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ (١٢) وَمَا ذَرَأَ لَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ مُخْتَلِفًا أَلْوَانُهُ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَذَّكَّرُونَ (١٣) وَهُوَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ الْبَحْرَ لِتَأْكُلُوا مِنْهُ لَحْمًا طَرِيًّا وَتَسْتَخْرِجُوا مِنْهُ حِلْيَةً تَلْبَسُونَهَا وَتَرَى الْفُلْكَ مَوَاخِرَ فِيهِ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا مِنْ فَضْلِهِ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ (١٤) ﴾ ﴿يُنْبِتُ لَكُمْ بِهِ﴾ أَيْ: يُنْبِتُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ بِهِ، يَعْنِي بِالْمَاءِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ، وَقَرَأَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ " نُنْبِتُ " بِالنُّونِ. ﴿الزَّرْعَ وَالزَّيْتُونَ وَالنَّخِيلَ وَالْأَعْنَابَ وَمِنْ كُلِّ الثَّمَرَاتِ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ﴾ ﴿وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمُ﴾ [ذَلَّلَ لَكُمْ] (١) ﴿اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ وَالنُّجُومُ مُسَخَّرَاتٌ﴾ مُذَلَّلَاتٌ، ﴿بِأَمْرِهِ﴾ أَيْ: بِإِذْنِهِ، وَقَرَأَ حَفْصٌ (٢) ﴿وَالنُّجُومُ مُسَخَّرَاتٌ﴾ بِالرَّفْعِ عَلَى الِابْتِدَاءِ. ﴿إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ﴾ ﴿وَمَا ذَرَأَ﴾ خَلَقَ، ﴿لَكُمْ﴾ لِأَجْلِكُمْ، أَيْ: وَسَخَّرَ مَا خَلَقَ لِأَجْلِكُمْ، ﴿فِي الْأَرْضِ﴾ مِنَ الدَّوَابِّ وَالْأَشْجَارِ وَالثِّمَارِ وَغَيْرِهَا، ﴿مُخْتَلِفًا﴾ نُصِبَ عَلَى الْحَالِ، ﴿أَلْوَانُهُ﴾ ﴿إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَذَّكَّرُونَ﴾ يَعْتَبِرُونَ. ﴿وَهُوَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ الْبَحْرَ لِتَأْكُلُوا مِنْهُ لَحْمًا طَرِيًّا﴾ يَعْنِي: السَّمَكَ، ﴿وَتَسْتَخْرِجُوا مِنْهُ حِلْيَةً تَلْبَسُونَهَا﴾ يَعْنِي: اللُّؤْلُؤَ وَالْمَرْجَانَ، ﴿وَتَرَى الْفُلْكَ مَوَاخِرَ فِيهِ﴾ جَوَارِيَ. قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: مُقْبِلَةً وَمُدْبِرَةً، وَهُوَ أَنَّكَ تَرَى سَفِينَتَيْنِ إِحْدَاهُمَا تُقْبِلُ وَالْأُخْرَى تُدَبِرُ، تَجْرِيَانِ بِرِيحٍ وَاحِدَةٍ. وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ: "مَوَاخِرَ" أَيْ: مَمْلُوءَةً.

(١) ساقط من "ب". (٢) في "ب": جعفر.