Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Surah al-Nahl (The Bee)

Meccan, comprising 128 verses (1), except for the words of Allah Most High: “And if you retaliate, then retaliate in proportion to the injury done to you,” through to the end of the surah. (2)

In the Name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Bestower of Mercy.

“Allah’s command has come, so do not seek to hasten it. Exalted is He, and far above whatever they associate with Him.” (1)

“Has come,” that is, it has arrived, drawn near, and approached. Concerning “Allah’s command,” Ibn Arafah said: The Arabs say, “The matter has come to you,” even though it is still expected to occur. That is, Allah’s command has come as a promise, so do not seek to hasten its actual occurrence.

Regarding “Allah’s command,” al-Kalbi and others said: What is meant by it is the Day of Resurrection.

Ibn Abbas said: When the words of Allah Most High, “The Hour has drawn near” (al-Qamar 54:1), were revealed, the disbelievers said to one another: “This man claims that the Day of Resurrection has drawn near, so refrain from some of what you have been doing until you see what comes to pass.” When nothing happened, [they said: “We do not see anything.” Then the words, “The people’s reckoning has drawn near” (al-Anbiya 21:1), were revealed, and they became fearful. But when the days went on, they said: “O Muhammad, we do not see anything of what you threaten us with.”] (3) So Allah Most High revealed: “Allah’s command has come.” Then sprang up

(1) The text in parentheses is omitted in manuscript A. (2) Mujahid, 'Atiyyah, and Ibn Abi Talhah narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that it was entirely Meccan; this is also reported from al-Hasan, 'Ikrimah, and 'Ata'. In one report, Ibn 'Abbas said that it was Meccan except for the verse, “And if you retaliate...” (verse 126), which was revealed after the killing of Hamzah. In another report, he said that it was Meccan except for three verses revealed in Medina: from the words of Allah, “Do not sell Allah's covenant for a small price,” to “they do” (verses 95-97). Al-Sha'bi said: It was Meccan except from “And if you retaliate...” to the end of the verses (126-128). Qatadah said: It was Meccan except for five verses. Muqatil said: It was Meccan except for seven verses. Jabir ibn Zayd said: The first forty verses of Surah al-Nahl were revealed in Mecca, and the remainder in Medina. 'Ali ibn Zayd said: Surah al-Nahl used to be called Surah al-Ni'am (the Blessings), because of the numerous blessings enumerated in it. See Zad al-Masir, 4:425-426; al-Durr al-Manthur, 5:107. (3) The text in parentheses is omitted in manuscript A.
سُورَةُ النَّحْلِ مَكِّيَّةٌ [مِائَةٌ وَثَمَانٍ وَعِشْرُونَ آيَةً] (١) إِلَّا قَوْلَهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَإِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُوا بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ﴾ إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ (٢) . بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ ﴿أَتَى أَمْرُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ (١) ﴾ ﴿أَتَى﴾ أَيْ جَاءَ وَدَنَا وَقَرُبَ، ﴿أَمْرُ اللَّهِ﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَرَفَةَ: تَقُولُ الْعَرَبُ: أَتَاكَ الْأَمْرُ وَهُوَ مُتَوَقَّعٌ بَعْدُ، أَيْ: أَتَى أَمْرُ اللَّهِ وَعْدًا فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ وُقُوعًا. ﴿أَمْرُ اللَّهِ﴾ قَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ: الْمُرَادُ مِنْهُ الْقِيَامَةُ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ لَمَّا نَزَلَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى "اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ" (الْقَمَرِ-١) قَالَ الْكُفَّارُ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ: إِنَّ هَذَا يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ الْقِيَامَةَ قَدْ قَرُبَتْ فَأَمْسِكُوا عَنْ بَعْضِ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ حَتَّى تَنْظُرُوا مَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ، فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَنْزِلْ شَيْءٌ [قَالُوا: مَا نَرَى شَيْئًا فَنَزَلَ قَوْلُهُ "اقْتَرَبَ لِلنَّاسِ حِسَابُهُمْ" (الْأَنْبِيَاءِ-١) ، فَأَشْفَقُوا، فَلَمَّا امْتَدَّتِ الْأَيَّامُ قَالُوا: يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا نَرَى شَيْئًا مِمَّا تُخَوِّفُنَا بِهِ] (٣) فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿أَتَى أَمْرُ اللَّهِ﴾ فَوَثَبَ
(١) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "أ". (٢) روى مجاهد، وعطية، وابن أبي طلحة عن ابن عباس: أنها مكية كلها، وهو مروي عن الحسن وعكرمة وعطاء.وقال ابن عباس في رواية: مكية إلا "وإن عاقبتم ... " الآية (١٢٦) فنزلت بعد قتل حمزة. وقال في رواية أخرى: هي مكية إلا ثلاث آيات نزلن بالمدينة، وهي قوله تعالى: "ولا تشتروا بعهد الله ثمنا قليلا" إلى قوله "يعملون" (الآيات ٩٥-٩٧) . وقال الشعبي: مكية إلا: "وإن عاقبتم" إلى آخر الآيات (١٢٦-١٢٨) . وقال قتادة: مكية إلا خمس آيات. وقال مقاتل: مكية إلا سبع آيات. وقال جابر ابن زيد: أنزل من أول النحل أربعون آية بمكة، وبقيتها بالمدينة. وعن علي بن زيد قال: كان يقال لسورة النحل: سورة النعم، لكثرة تعداد النِّعم فيها. انظر: زاد المسير: ٤ / ٤٢٥-٤٢٦، الدر المنثور: ٥ / ١٠٧. (٣) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "أ".

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