Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/392)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Ibn Abbas said: The seven long surahs were called the oft-repeated because the obligations, prescribed limits, parables, reports, and lessons are repeated within them.

Tawus said: The entire Quran is oft-repeated. Allah, Exalted is He, says: “Allah has sent down the best statement: a Book, consistent in its verses and oft-repeated.” (al-Zumar 39:23) The Quran was called oft-repeated because its accounts and narratives are repeated throughout it.

According to this view, the seven refers to the seven seventh-parts of the Quran. Thus, its meaning would be: “And it is the Magnificent Quran.” It was also said that the conjunction is superfluous; its sense is: “We have certainly given you seven of the oft-repeated: the Magnificent Quran.” (1)

“And do not extend your eyes toward that by which We have given enjoyment to certain classes among them, nor grieve over them, and lower your wing to the believers.” (88)

Allah’s saying, Exalted is He, “Do not extend your eyes,” means: O Muhammad, toward that with which We have given enjoyment to certain classes among them—that is, among the disbelievers—desiring what they possess. Allah, Exalted is He, forbade His Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from aspiring to worldly things and competing with those devoted to them for them. (2) “Nor grieve over them” means: Do not be distressed over having missed out on sharing with them in the worldly life.

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Nu'aymi informed us; Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-'Anazi informed us; Isa ibn Nasr narrated to us; Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak informed us; Jahm ibn Aws informed us, saying: I heard Abd Allah ibn Abi Maryam—while Abd Allah ibn Rustum passed by him in his procession. He said to Ibn Abi Maryam, “I truly wish to sit with you and hear your discourse.” When he had gone on, Ibn Abi Maryam said: I heard Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, say that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “Do not look with envy upon a wicked man because of his blessing, for you do not know what he will encounter after his death. With Allah, there awaits him a slayer that never dies.” This reached Wahb ibn Munabbih, so Wahb sent Abu Dawud al-A'war to him. He said, “O so-and-so, what is ‘a slayer that never dies’?” Ibn Abi Maryam replied, “The Fire.” (3)

Abu Mansur Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffari al-Sarakhsī informed us; Abu Sa'id Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Fadl, the jurist, informed us; Abu al-Hasan ibn Ishaq narrated to us; Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah al-'Absi narrated to us; Waki' informed us, from al-A'mash, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “Look

(1) It has been stated above that there are no superfluous letters in the Quran. (2) Omitted from manuscript B. (3) Reported by al-Bukhari in al-Tarikh, al-Tabarani in al-Awsat, and al-Bayhaqi. Al-Haythami said: “Al-Tabarani reported it in al-Awsat, and its narrators are trustworthy.” It was also reported by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:294-295. Al-Albani deemed it weak in his commentary on al-Mishkat. See al-Manawi, Fayd al-Qadir, 6:413; Majma al-Zawaid, 10:355; Mishkat al-Masabih, 3:1445.

قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: وَإِنَّمَا سُمِّيَتِ السَّبْعُ الطِّوَالُ مَثَانِيَ لِأَنَّ الْفَرَائِضَ وَالْحُدُودَ وَالْأَمْثَالَ وَالْخَبَرَ وَالْعِبَرَ ثُنِّيَتْ فِيهَا. وَقَالَ طَاوُسٌ: الْقُرْآنُ كُلُّهُ مَثَانِي قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿اللَّهُ نَزَّلَ أَحْسَنَ الْحَدِيثِ كِتَابًا مُتَشَابِهًا مَثَانِيَ﴾ (الزُّمَرِ-٢٣) . وَسُمِّيَ الْقُرْآنُ مَثَانِيَ لِأَنَّ الْأَنْبَاءَ وَالْقَصَصَ ثُنِّيَتْ فِيهِ. وَعَلَى هَذَا الْقَوْلِ: الْمُرَادُ بِالسَّبْعِ: سَبْعَةُ أَسْبَاعِ الْقُرْآنِ، فَيَكُونُ تَقْدِيرُهُ عَلَى هَذَا: وَهِيَ الْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ وَقِيلَ: الْوَاوُ مُقْحَمَةٌ، مَجَازُهُ: وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَاكَ سَبْعًا مِنَ الْمَثَانِي الْقُرْآنَ الْعَظِيمَ (١) . ﴿لَا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا مِنْهُمْ وَلَا تَحْزَنْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَاخْفِضْ جَنَاحَكَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ (٨٨) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿لَا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ﴾ يَا مُحَمَّدُ ﴿إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا﴾ أَصْنَافًا ﴿مِنْهُمْ﴾ أَيْ: مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ مُتَمَنِّيًا لَهَا. نَهَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى رَسُولَهُ ﷺ عَنِ الرَّغْبَةِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَمُزَاحَمَةِ أَهْلِهَا [عَلَيْهَا] (٢) . ﴿وَلَا تَحْزَنْ عَلَيْهِمْ﴾ أَيْ: لَا تَغْتَمَّ عَلَى مَا فَاتَكَ مِنْ مُشَارَكَتِهِمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعَيْمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَنَزِيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ نَصْرٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، أَخْبَرَنَا جَهْمُ بْنُ أَوْسٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ -وَمَرَّ بِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رُسْتُمَ فِي مَوْكِبِهِ، فَقَالَ لِابْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ: إِنِّي لَأَشْتَهِي مُجَالَسَتَكَ وَحَدِيثَكَ، فَلَمَّا مَضَى قَالَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ -سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ﵁ يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "لَا تَغْبِطَنَّ فَاجِرًا بِنِعْمَتِهِ، فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي مَا هُوَ لَاقٍ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ، إِنَّ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ قَاتِلًا لَا يَمُوتُ" فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ وَهْبَ بْنَ مُنَبِّهٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ وَهْبٌ أَبَا دَاوُدَ الْأَعْوَرَ، قَالَ: يَا أَبَا فُلَانٍ مَا قَاتِلًا لَا يَمُوتُ؟ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ: النَّارُ" (٣) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْمُظَفَّرِيُّ السَّرَخْسِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْفَقِيهُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَبْسِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ﵁ -قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "انْظُرُوا

(١) تقدم فيما سبق أنه ليس في القرآن شيء من الحروف مقحم. (٢) ساقط من "ب". (٣) رواه البخاري في "التاريخ" والطبراني في "الأوسط" والبيهقي، قال الهيثمي: رواه الطبراني في الأوسط، ورجاله ثقات. ورواه المصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ٢٩٤-٢٩٥. وضعفه الألباني في تعليقه على المشكاة. انظر: فيض القدير للمناوي: ٦ / ٤١٣، مجمع الزوائد: ١٠ / ٣٥٥، مشكاة المصابيح: ٣ / ١٤٤٥.