Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/357)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

while Ishmael was away attending to his possessions (1) ... We have related that story in Surah al-Baqarah (2).

Allah the Exalted says: “Our Lord, so that they may establish prayer. So make hearts among the people incline toward them.” Hearts is the plural of heart. “Incline toward them” means: yearn for them and long for them.

Al-Suddi said: Its meaning is: Turn their hearts toward this place.

Mujahid said: Had He said, “the hearts of the people,” the Persians, Romans, Turks, and Indians would have thronged around you.

Sa‘id ibn Jubayr said: The Jews, Christians, and Magians would have performed pilgrimage; but He said, “hearts among the people,” and they are the Muslims.

“And provide them with fruits”—that is, with the fruits You provide to the inhabitants of towns blessed with water—“so that they may be grateful.”

“Our Lord, indeed You know what we conceal and what we declare, and nothing is hidden from Allah on earth or in heaven (38). Praise be to Allah, who has granted me Ishmael and Isaac in old age. Indeed, my Lord is the Hearer of supplication (39).”

“Our Lord, indeed You know what we conceal and what we declare,” concerning our affairs. Ibn Abbas and Muqatil said: This refers to the sorrow felt for Ishmael and his mother when I settled them in an uncultivated valley. “And nothing is hidden from Allah on earth or in heaven.” It was said that this continues Abraham’s words.

The majority said: Allah, exalted is He, says: “And nothing is hidden from Allah on earth or in heaven” (3).

“Praise be to Allah, who has granted me in old age”—that is, given me—“Ishmael and Isaac. Indeed, my Lord is the Hearer of supplication.” Ibn Abbas said: Ishmael was born to Abraham when he was ninety-nine years old, and Isaac was born when he was one hundred and twelve years old.

Sa‘id ibn Jubayr said: Abraham was given the glad tidings of Isaac when he was one hundred and seventeen years old (4).

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in al-Anbiya, chapter: “Yaziffuna means walking briskly”: 6:396-398. (2) See above, 1:147-148. (3) In al-Bahr al-Muhit, 5:433, the wording is clearer: “It was said that ‘And nothing is hidden ...’—the verse—is Allah’s statement, affirming Ibrahim, peace be upon him, just as in His saying: ‘Thus they do.’” (4) See al-Muharrar al-Wajiz, 8:256.

إِسْمَاعِيلُ يُطَالِعُ تَرِكَتَهُ (١) ... ذَكَرْنَا تِلْكَ الْقِصَّةَ فِي سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ (٢) . قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿رَبَّنَا لِيُقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ فَاجْعَلْ أَفْئِدَةً مِنَ النَّاسِ﴾ الْأَفْئِدَةُ: جَمْعُ الْفُؤَادِ ﴿تَهْوِي إِلَيْهِمْ﴾ تَشْتَاقُ وَتَحِنُّ إِلَيْهِمْ. قَالَ السُّدِّيُّ: مَعْنَاهُ أَمِلْ قُلُوبَهُمْ إِلَى هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ. قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: لَوْ قَالَ أَفْئِدَةَ النَّاسِ لَزَاحَمَتْكُمْ فَارِسُ وَالرُّومُ وَالتُّرْكُ وَالْهِنْدُ. وَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ: لَحَجَّتِ الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى وَالْمَجُوسُ، وَلَكِنَّهُ قَالَ: "أَفْئِدَةً مِنَ النَّاسِ" وَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ. ﴿وَارْزُقْهُمْ مِنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ﴾ مَا رَزَقْتَ سُكَّانَ الْقُرَى ذَوَاتِ الْمَاءِ، ﴿لَعَلَّهُمْ يَشْكُرُونَ﴾ . ﴿رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ مَا نُخْفِي وَمَا نُعْلِنُ وَمَا يَخْفَى عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي السَّمَاءِ (٣٨) الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي وَهَبَ لِي عَلَى الْكِبَرِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ إِنَّ رَبِّي لَسَمِيعُ الدُّعَاءِ (٣٩) ﴾ . ﴿رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ مَا نُخْفِي وَمَا نُعْلِنُ﴾ مِنْ أُمُورِنَا. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَمُقَاتِلٌ: مِنِ الْوَجْدِ بِإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَأُمِّهِ حَيْثُ أَسْكَنْتُهُمَا بِوَادٍ غَيْرِ ذِي زَرْعٍ. ﴿وَمَا يَخْفَى عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي السَّمَاءِ﴾ قِيلَ: هَذَا صِلَةُ قَوْلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ. وَقَالَ الْأَكْثَرُونَ: يَقُولُ اللَّهُ ﷿: ﴿وَمَا يَخْفَى عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي السَّمَاءِ﴾ (٣) . ﴿الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي وَهَبَ لِي عَلَى الْكِبَرِ﴾ أَعْطَانِي، ﴿إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ إِنَّ رَبِّي لَسَمِيعُ الدُّعَاءِ﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: وُلِدَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ تِسْعٍ وَتِسْعِينَ سَنَةً، وَوُلِدَ إِسْحَاقُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ مِائَةٍ وَاثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. وَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ: بُشِّرَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بِإِسْحَاقَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ مِائَةٍ وَسَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً (٤) .

(١) أخرجه البخاري في الأنبياء، باب يزفون النسلان في المشي: ٦ / ٣٩٦-٣٩٨. (٢) انظر فيما سبق: ١ / ١٤٧-١٤٨. (٣) في البحر المحيط: ٥ / ٤٣٣ جاءت العبارة أوضح فقال: وقيل "وما يخفى ... " الآية، من كلام الله ﷿ تصديقا لإبراهيم ﵇، كقوله تعالى: "كذلك يفعلون". (٤) انظر: المحرر الوجيز: ٨ / ٢٥٦.