Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/317)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

It is narrated from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, that a man asked the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, “What is Tuba?” He replied: “It is a tree in Paradise spanning the distance of a hundred years’ journey; the garments of the people of Paradise emerge from its blossoms.” (1)

Mu'awiyah ibn Qurrah narrated from his father, in a report traced back to the Prophet: “Tuba is a tree which Allah Most High planted with His Hand and into which He breathed from His Spirit. It produces ornaments and splendid garments, and its branches can be seen beyond the wall of Paradise.” (2)

Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abi Tawbah informed us; Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Harith informed us; Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kisa'i informed us; Abdullah ibn Mahmud informed us; Ibrahim ibn Abdullah al-Khallal informed us; Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak related to us from Isma'il ibn Abi Khalid, from Ziyad, the freedman of Banu Makhzum, that he heard Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, say: “Indeed, in Paradise there is a tree in whose shade a rider may travel for one hundred years [without traversing it].” (3) Read, if you wish: “And extended shade.” (al-Waqi'ah, 30)

When this reached Ka'b, he said: “He has spoken the truth, by Him who sent down the Torah to Moses, peace be upon him, and the Quran to Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him. If a man were to ride a mature she-camel and then circle the base of that tree, he would not complete the circuit before falling down in decrepitude. Allah Most High planted it with His Hand and breathed into it from His Spirit. Its branches extend beyond the wall of Paradise, and there is no river in Paradise except that it flows from the root of that tree.” (4) (5)

With this same chain from Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak, from Ma'mar, from al-Ash'ath ibn Abdullah, from Shahr ibn Hawshab, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: “In Paradise there is a tree called Tuba. Allah, Mighty and Exalted, says to it: ‘Open up for My servant whatever I wish,’ and it opens up for him a horse with its saddle, bridle, and whatever form he wishes; and it opens up for him a riding camel with its saddle and halter,”

(1) Reported by al-Tabari, 16:443-444; Imam Ahmad in al-Musnad, 3:71; Ibn Hibban, no. 2625, p. 652 of Mawarid al-Zam'an; and al-Khatib al-Baghdadi in Tarikh Baghdad, 9:90, at length. See also: Kanz al-Ummal, 14:457; al-Durr al-Manthur, 4:644. The hadith is narrated by Darraj (Abu al-Samh), from Abu al-Haytham, from Abu Sa'id, and its chain of transmission is weak. Imam Abdullah ibn Ahmad ibn Hanbal related from his father that Darraj's narrations are munkar (denounced). (2) Reported by al-Tabari in his Tafsir, 16:443. Its chain includes Muhammad ibn Ziyad al-Jurayri, who was a wicked liar and fabricator of hadith, and Furat ibn Abi al-Furat, concerning whom Ibn Ma'in said: “He is nothing,” meaning unreliable. See Shaykh Mahmud Shakir's comment at the previously cited passage. (3) Omitted from manuscript B. (4) Omitted from manuscript B. (5) Al-Suyuti attributed the complete report in al-Durr al-Manthur, 4:649, to Abd ibn Humayd. Abd ibn Humayd included its first section in al-Muntakhab, p. 424, and narrated it from Anas on p. 356. Al-Bukhari recorded its first section up to the words, “Read, if you wish ...,” in Bad' al-Khalq, the chapter on the description of Paradise and that it has been created, 6:319; Muslim recorded it in the Book of Paradise, the chapter, “In Paradise there is a tree in whose shade a rider may travel ...,” no. 2826, 4:2175; and it was also recorded by the author of Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:207.

وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ﵁ أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا طُوبَى؟ قَالَ: "شَجَرَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ مَسِيرَةُ مِائَةِ سَنَةٍ، ثِيَابُ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ أَكْمَامِهَا" (١) . وَعَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ قُرَّةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ يَرْفَعُهُ: "طُوبَى شَجَرَةٌ غَرَسَهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِيَدِهِ، وَنَفَخَ فِيهَا مِنْ رُوحِهِ، تُنْبِتُ الْحُلِيَّ وَالْحُلَلَ وَإِنَّ أَغْصَانَهَا لَتُرَى مِنْ وَرَاءِ سُورِ الْجَنَّةِ" (٢) . أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي تَوْبَةَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْكِسَائِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَحْمُودٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَلَّالُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ زِيَادٍ مَوْلَى بَنِي مَخْزُومٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ﵁ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ لَشَجَرَةً يَسِيرُ الرَّاكِبُ فِي ظِلِّهَا مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ [لا يقطعها] (٣) اقرؤوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ: ﴿وَظِلٍّ مَمْدُودٍ﴾ (الْوَاقِعَةُ -٣٠) فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ (٤) كَعْبًا فَقَالَ: صَدَقَ وَالَّذِي أَنْزَلَ التَّوْرَاةَ عَلَى مُوسَى ﵇ وَالْقُرْآنَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ، لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلَا رَكِبَ حِقَّةً أَوْ جَذَعَةً ثُمَّ دَارَ بِأَصْلِ تِلْكَ الشَّجَرَةِ مَا بَلَغَهَا حَتَّى يَسْقُطَ هَرِمًا، إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى غَرَسَهَا بِيَدِهِ وَنَفَخَ فِيهَا مِنْ رُوحِهِ، وَإِنَّ أَفْنَانَهَا لِمَنْ وَرَاءِ سُورِ الْجَنَّةِ، مَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ نَهْرٌ إِلَّا وَهُوَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ أَصْلِ تِلْكَ الشَّجَرَةِ (٥) . وَبِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنِ الْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: فِي الْجَنَّةِ شَجَرَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا طُوبَى، يَقُولُ اللَّهُ ﷿ لَهَا: تَفَتَّقِي لِعَبْدِي عَمَّا شِئْتُ فَتَنْفَتِقُ لَهُ عَنْ فَرَسٍ بِسَرْجِهِ وَلِجَامِهِ وَهَيْئَتِهِ كَمَا شَاءَ، يُفْتَقُ لَهُ عَنِ الرَّاحِلَةِ بِرَحْلِهَا وَزِمَامِهَا

(١) أخرجه الطبري: ١٦ / ٤٤٣-٤٤٤، والإمام أحمد في المسند: ٣ / ٧١، وابن حبان برقم (٢٦٢٥) ص (٦٥٢) من موارد الظمآن، والخطيب البغدادي في تاريخ بغداد: ٩٠.٠٠٠ مطولا. وانظر كنز العمال: ١٤ / ٤٥٧، الدر المنثور: ٤ / ٦٤٤. والحديث من رواية "دراج" (أبو السمح) ، عن أبي الهيثم، عن أبي سعيد، وهو إسناد ضعيف. ونقل الإمام عبد الله بن أحمد بن حنبل عن أبيه أن دراجا: روايته منكرة. (٢) أخرجه الطبري في التفسير: ١٦ / ٤٤٣، وفيه محمد بن زياد الجريري: وهو كذاب خبيث يضع الحديث. وفرات بن أبي الفرات: قال ابن معين عنه: ليس بشيء. انظر تعليق الشيخ محمود شاكر في الموضع السابق. (٣) ساقط من "ب". (٤) ساقط من "ب". (٥) عزاه السيوطي بطوله في الدر المنثور لعبد بن حميد: ٤ / ٦٤٩، وقد أخرج عبد بن حميد في المنتخب ص (٤٢٤) القطعة الأولى منه، وأخرجه عن أنس ص (٣٥٦) . وأخرج القطعة الأولى منه إلى قوله: (اقرؤوا إن شئتم ... ) البخاري في بدء الخلق، باب ما جاء في صفة الجنة وأنها مخلوقة: ٦ / ٣١٩، ومسلم في الجنة باب إن في الجنة شجرة يسير الراكب في ظلها ... برقم (٢٨٢٦) : ٤ / ٢١٧٥، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ٢٠٧.