Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/312)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Salihi informed us; Abu al-Husayn ibn Bishran informed us; Isma'il ibn Muhammad al-Saffar informed us; Ahmad ibn Mansur al-Ziyadi informed us; Abd al-Razzaq narrated to us; Ma'mar narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Muhammad ibn Jubayr ibn Mut'im, from his father, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, say: “No one who severs ties of kinship will enter Paradise.” (1)

The Imam Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Qadi informed us; Abu Tahir Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmash al-Ziyadi informed us; Ahmad ibn Ishaq al-Saydalani narrated to us; Abu Nasr Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Nasr informed us; Abu Nu'aym al-Fadl ibn Dukayn narrated to us; Amr ibn Uthman narrated to us, saying: I heard Musa ibn Talhah narrate from Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, may Allah be pleased with him, that a Bedouin came upon the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, during one of his journeys and said, “Tell me what will bring me near to Paradise and keep me far from the Fire.” He, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Worship Allah, associating nothing with Him; establish the prayer; give zakah; and maintain ties of kinship.” (2)

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Abu Mansur al-Sam'ani informed us; Abu Ja'far al-Rayani narrated to us; Humayd ibn Zanjawayh narrated to us; Abu Ya'la and Abu Nu'aym narrated to us, saying: Qatr narrated to us, from Mujahid, from Abd Allah ibn Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The one who maintains ties of kinship is not the one who merely reciprocates; rather, the one who truly maintains them is he who continues to maintain them when his relatives sever them.” (3) [Muhammad ibn Isma'il narrated it from Muhammad ibn Kathir, from Sufyan, from Qatr, and said: “When his ties of kinship are severed, he maintains them.”] (4)

Allah, the Exalted, says: “They fear their Lord and dread the evil reckoning.”

“And those who are patient, seeking the Countenance of their Lord; who establish the prayer, spend secretly and openly from what We have provided for them, and repel evil with good—it is they who shall have the ultimate abode.” (22)

“And those who are patient”: that is, patient in obedience to Allah. Ibn Abbas said: “In regard to Allah’s command.” Ata said: “In the face of afflictions and calamities.” It was also said: against desires; and it was said: away from sins.

“Seeking the Countenance of their Lord”: that is, seeking to venerate Him and not disobey Him.

(1) Reported by al-Bukhari in al-Adab, chapter on the sin of one who severs kinship ties, 10:415; Muslim in al-Birr wa al-Silah, chapter on maintaining kinship ties and the prohibition of severing them, no. 2556, 4:1981; and the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 13:26. (2) Reported by al-Bukhari in al-Zakah, chapter on the obligation of zakah, 13:261; Muslim in al-Iman, chapter on the faith that admits one to Paradise, no. 13, 1:42-43; and the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 1:21. (3) Reported by al-Bukhari in al-Adab, chapter: “The one who maintains ties is not the one who merely reciprocates,” 10:423; and the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 13:30. (4) The words in parentheses are omitted from manuscript “B.”

أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الزِّيَادِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: "لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ قَاطِعٌ" (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا الْإِمَامُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاضِي، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَحْمِشٍ الزِّيَادِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّيْدَلَانِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نَصْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ دُكَيْنٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مُوسَى بْنَ طَلْحَةَ يَذْكُرُ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ ﵁، أَنْ أَعْرَابِيًّا عَرَضَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي مَسِيرٍ لَهُ فَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِي بِمَا يُقَرِّبُنِي مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَيُبَاعِدُنِي مِنَ النَّارِ، قَالَ ﷺ: "تَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ، لَا تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ، وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ، وَتَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ" (٢) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ السَّمْعَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الرَّيَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زَنْجَوَيْهِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو يَعْلَى وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا قَطْرٌ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ﵁ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "لَيْسَ الْوَاصِلُ بِالْمُكَافِئِ وَلَكِنَّ الْوَاصِلَ الَّذِي إِذَا قُطِعَتْ رَحِمُهُ وَصَلَهَا" (٣) [رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ قَطْرٍ وَقَالَ: إِذَا قُطِعَتْ رَحِمُهُ وَصَلَهَا] (٤) . قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَيَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ وَيَخَافُونَ سُوءَ الْحِسَابِ﴾ . ﴿وَالَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَأَنْفَقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ سِرًّا وَعَلَانِيَةً وَيَدْرَءُونَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ السَّيِّئَةَ أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ عُقْبَى الدَّارِ (٢٢) ﴾ . ﴿وَالَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا﴾ عَلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: عَلَى أَمْرِ اللَّهِ ﷿. وَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ: عَلَى الْمَصَائِبِ وَالنَّوَائِبِ. وَقِيلَ: عَنِ الشَّهَوَاتِ. وَقِيلَ: عَنِ الْمَعَاصِي. ﴿ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِمْ﴾ طَلَبَ تَعْظِيمِهِ أَنْ يُخَالِفُوهُ.

(١) أخرجه البخاري في الأدب، باب إثم القاطع: ١٠ / ٤١٥، ومسلم في البر والصلة، باب صلة الرحم وتحريم قطيعتها، برقم (٢٥٥٦) : ٤ / ١٩٨١، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٣ / ٢٦. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في الزكاة، باب وجوب الزكاة؛ ١٣ / ٢٦١، ومسلم في الإيمان باب الإيمان الذي يُدْخِل الجنة، برقم (١٣) : ١ / ٤٢-٤٣، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١ / ٢١. (٣) أخرجه البخاري في الأدب، باب ليس الواصل بالمكافئ: ١٠ / ٤٢٣، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٣ / ٣٠. (٤) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "ب".