Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/277)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Allah, Most High, says: “Is there anyone who calls upon Me, so that I may answer him?” (1) When the appointed time came, Jacob rose to pray in the pre-dawn hours. When he had finished, he raised his hands to Allah, exalted is He, and said, “O Allah, forgive my anguish over Joseph and my lack of patience in bearing his loss; and forgive my sons for what they did to their brother Joseph.” Thereupon Allah, Most High, revealed to him: “I have forgiven you and all of them.”

Ikrimah reported from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, concerning, “I shall ask my Lord to forgive you”: that is, on Friday night. (2) Wahb said, “He would seek forgiveness for them every Friday night (3) for twenty-odd years.”

Tawus said, “He delayed the supplication until the pre-dawn hours of Friday night, and it coincided with the night of Ashura.” (4) Al-Shabi said concerning, “I shall ask my Lord to forgive you”: “I will ask Joseph; if he has forgiven you, I will ask my Lord to forgive you.” (5) “Indeed, He alone is the Most Forgiving, the Most Merciful.”

It is related that ⦗187⦘ Joseph had sent two hundred mounts and abundant provisions with the bearer of good news, so that they might bring Jacob, his household, and his children. Jacob therefore prepared to depart for Egypt, and they set out, numbering seventy-two men and women. Masruq said that they numbered ninety-three. (6) When Jacob drew near to Egypt, Joseph spoke to the king who was above him. Joseph and the king then went out with four thousand soldiers, and the people of Egypt rode out with them to welcome Jacob.

Jacob was walking, leaning upon Judah. When he saw the horses and the people, he said, “O Judah, is this the Pharaoh of Egypt?” He replied, “No, this is your son.” When each of them drew near to the other, Joseph moved to be the first to offer the greeting. But Gabriel said, “Not until Jacob begins the greeting.” So Jacob said, “Peace be upon you, O dispeller of sorrows.” (7)

It is also related that they both dismounted and embraced. Al-Thawri said: “When Jacob and Joseph, peace be upon them, met, each embraced the other and they wept. Then he said,”

(1) This refers to the authentic hadith of Abu Hurayrah: “Our Lord, exalted is He, descends each night to the lowest heaven when the final third of the night remains, saying: ‘Who calls upon Me, that I may answer him? Who asks of Me, that I may give him? Who seeks My forgiveness, that I may forgive him?’” Recorded by al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tahajjud, chapter on supplication and prayer in the last part of the night, 3:29; and Muslim, Kitab Salat al-Musafirin, chapter on encouragement to supplicate and remember Allah in the last part of the night, no. 758, 1:521. (2) Ibn Jarir narrated from Ibn Abbas, in a marfu report attributed to the Prophet: “He says this until Friday night arrives.” It is the statement of Jacob’s brother to his sons. Tafsir al-Tabari, 16:262; see Mahmud Shakir’s annotation there for its authentication. Ibn Kathir said in al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah, 1:217: “This is unusual through this chain, and its attribution to the Prophet is questionable. More likely, it is mawquf, stopping with Ibn Abbas.” (3) The text in parentheses is omitted from “B.” (4) See Tafsir al-Qurtubi, 9:263. (5) The same previous reference. (6) In “B”: seventy-three. (7) Most of these reports are derived from the People of the Book. See Ibn Kathir, al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah, 1:217-218.

يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: "هَلْ مِنْ دَاعٍ فَأَسْتَجِيبَ لَهُ" (١) فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى يَعْقُوبُ إِلَى الْمَوْعِدِ قَامَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ بِالسَّحَرِ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْهَا رَفْعَ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى اللَّهِ ﷿ وَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي جَزَعِي عَلَى يُوسُفَ وَقِلَّةَ صَبْرِي عَنْهُ، وَاغْفِرْ لِأَوْلَادِي مَا أَتَوْا إِلَى أَخِيهِمْ يُوسُفَ، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ أَنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَكَ وَلَهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ. وَعَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄: سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ [رَبِّي يَعْنِي لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ (٢) . قَالَ وَهْبٌ: كَانَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُمْ كُلَّ] (٣) لَيْلَةِ جُمُعَةٍ فِي نَيِّفٍ وَعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. وَقَالَ طَاوُسٌ: أَخَّرَ الدُّعَاءَ إِلَى السَّحَرِ مِنْ لَيْلَةِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَوَافَقَ لَيْلَةَ عَاشُورَاءَ (٤) . وَعَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ: سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي، قَالَ: أَسْأَلُ يُوسُفَ إِنْ عَفَا عَنْكُمْ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي (٥) ﴿إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ﴾ . رُوِيَ أَنَّ يوسف كان ١٨٧/أقَدْ بَعَثَ مَعَ الْبَشِيرِ إِلَى يَعْقُوبَ مِائَتَيْ رَاحِلَةٍ وَجَهَازًا كَثِيرًا لِيَأْتُوا بِيَعْقُوبَ وَأَهْلِهِ وَأَوْلَادِهِ، فَتَهَيَّأَ يَعْقُوبُ لِلْخُرُوجِ إِلَى مِصْرَ، فَخَرَجُوا وَهُمُ اثْنَانِ وَسَبْعُونَ مِنْ بَيْنِ رَجُلٍ وَامْرَأَةٍ. وَقَالَ مَسْرُوقٌ: كَانُوا ثَلَاثَةً وَتِسْعِينَ (٦) ، فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنْ مِصْرَ كَلَّمَ يُوسُفُ الْمَلِكَ الَّذِي فَوْقَهُ، فَخَرَجَ يُوسُفُ وَالْمَلِكُ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ آلَافٍ مِنَ الْجُنُودِ وَرَكِبَ أَهْلُ مِصْرَ مَعَهُمَا يَتَلَقَّوْنَ يَعْقُوبَ، وَكَانَ يَعْقُوبُ يَمْشِي وَهُوَ يَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَى يَهُوذَا فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْخَيْلِ وَالنَّاسِ فَقَالَ: يَا يَهُوذَا هَذَا فِرْعَوْنُ مِصْرَ، قَالَ: لَا هَذَا ابْنُكُ، فَلَمَّا دَنَا كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ ذَهَبَ يُوسُفُ يَبْدَأُ بِالسَّلَامِ، فَقَالَ جِبْرِيلُ: لَا حَتَّى يَبْدَأَ يَعْقُوبُ بِالسَّلَامِ، فَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا مُذْهِبَ الْأَحْزَانِ (٧) . وَرُوِيَ أَنَّهُمَا نَزَلَا وَتَعَانَقَا. وَقَالَ الثَّوْرِيُّ: لَمَّا الْتَقَى يَعْقُوبُ وَيُوسُفُ ﵉ عَانَقَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ وَبَكَيَا، فَقَالَ

(١) إشارة إلى حديث أبي هريرة الصحيح: "ينزل ربنا ﵎ كل ليلة إلى السماء الدنيا حين يبقى ثلث الليل الآخر، يقول: من يدعوني فأستجيب له، من يسألني فأعطيه، من يستغفرني فأغفر له". أخرجه البخاري في التهجد، باب الدعاء والصلاة من آخر الليل: ٣ / ٢٩، ومسلم في صلاة المسافرين، باب الترغيب في الدعاء والذكر في آخر الليل، برقم (٧٥٨) : ١ / ٥٢١. (٢) أخرج ابن جرير عن ابن عباس ﵄ مرفوعا: يقول حتى تأتي ليلة الجمعة. وهو قول أخي يعقوب لبنيه، التفسير: ١٦ / ٢٦٢، وانظر تخريجه في تعليق محمود شاكر عليه. قال ابن كثير في "البداية والنهاية": (١ / ٢١٧) : "وهذا غريب من هذا الوجه وفي رفعه نظر، والأشبه أن يكون موقوفا على ابن عباس ﵄". (٣) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "ب". (٤) انظر: تفسير القرطبي: ٩ / ٢٦٣. (٥) المرجع السابق نفسه. (٦) في "ب": ثلاثة وسبعين. (٧) غالب هذه الأخبار متلقاة عن أهل الكتاب. انظر: البداية والنهاية لابن كثير: ١ / ٢١٧-٢١٨.