Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/225)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“And they”—that is, Joseph’s brothers—“had no desire for him,” because they did not know his rank with Allah.

It was also said that they had no desire for the price, since their aim was not to obtain payment; rather, their aim was to remove Joseph far from his father.

Then Malik ibn Dhu'r and his companions set off with Joseph, and his brothers followed them, saying, “Secure him well, lest he run away.” They then took him until they arrived in Egypt. Malik offered him for sale, and Qitfir bought him. This was stated by Ibn Abbas.

It was also said that his name was Izfir. He managed the king’s affairs and was in charge of Egypt’s treasuries; he was called al-Aziz. At that time, the king of Egypt and its surrounding regions was Rayyan ibn al-Walid ibn Shirwan, one of the Amalekites.

It was also said that this king did not die until he believed and followed Joseph in his religion. He then died while Joseph was still alive.

Ibn Abbas said: When they entered Egypt, Qitfir met Malik ibn Dhu'r and bought Joseph from him for twenty dinars, a pair of sandals, and two white garments.

Wahb ibn Munabbih said: The caravan arrived in Egypt with Joseph and brought him into the market, offering him for sale. The people competed in bidding for him until his price reached his weight in gold, his weight in silver, his weight in musk, and his weight in silk. He weighed four hundred pounds, and he was thirteen years old. Qitfir then bought him from Malik ibn Dhu'r for this price. This is the meaning of His saying, exalted is He:

“And the man from Egypt who bought him said to his wife, ‘Make his stay comfortable. Perhaps he will benefit us, or we may adopt him as a son.’ And thus We established Joseph in the land, that We might teach him the interpretation of events. And Allah prevails over His affair, but most people do not know. (21)”

“And the man from Egypt who bought him said to his wife”—her name was Ra'il; it was also said that it was Zulaikha—“Make his stay comfortable,” meaning, make his dwelling and residence honorable. A place of stay is a place where one resides.

It was also said: Treat him generously in food, clothing, and accommodation.

Qatadah and Ibn Jurayj said: his rank.

“Perhaps he will benefit us,” meaning, we may sell him at a profit if we wish to sell him; or he may suffice us in some of our affairs once he reaches maturity.

“Or we may adopt him as a son,” meaning, we may take him as a son.

﴿وَكَانُوا﴾ يَعْنِي: إِخْوَةَ يُوسُفَ، ﴿فِيهِ﴾ أَيْ: فِي يُوسُفَ ﴿مِنَ الزَّاهِدِينَ﴾ لِأَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا مَنْزِلَتَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ. وَقِيلَ: كَانُوا فِي الثَّمَنِ مِنَ الزَّاهِدِينَ، لِأَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَكُنْ قَصْدُهُمْ تَحْصِيلُ الثَّمَنِ، إِنَّمَا كَانَ قَصْدُهُمْ تَبْعِيدَ يُوسُفَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ. ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ مَالِكُ بْنُ ذُعْرٍ وَأَصْحَابُهُ بِيُوسُفَ، فَتَبِعَهُمْ إِخْوَتُهُ يَقُولُونَ: اسْتَوْثِقُوا مِنْهُ لَا يَأْبَقْ، قَالَ: فَذَهَبُوا بِهِ حَتَّى قَدِمُوا مِصْرَ، وَعَرَضَهُ مَالِكٌ عَلَى الْبَيْعِ فَاشْتَرَاهُ قِطْفِيرُ قَالَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ. وَقِيلَ: إِظْفِيرُ صَاحِبُ أَمْرِ الْمَلِكِ، وَكَانَ عَلَى خَزَائِنِ مِصْرَ يُسَمَّى الْعَزِيزَ، وَكَانَ الْمَلِكُ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِمِصْرَ وَنَوَاحِيهَا الرَّيَّانُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ شِرْوَانَ مِنَ الْعَمَالِقَةِ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ هَذَا الْمَلِكَ لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى آمَنَ وَاتَّبَعَ يُوسُفَ عَلَى دِينِهِ، ثُمَّ مَاتَ وَيُوسُفُ حَيٌّ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄: لَمَّا دَخَلُوا مِصْرَ تَلَقَّى قِطْفِيرُ مَالِكَ بْنَ ذُعْرٍ فَابْتَاعَ مِنْهُ يُوسُفَ بِعِشْرِينَ دِينَارًا وَزَوْجِ نَعْلٍ وَثَوْبَيْنِ أَبْيَضَيْنِ. وَقَالَ وَهَبُ بْنُ مُنَبِّهٍ: قَدِمَتِ السَّيَّارَةُ بِيُوسُفَ مِصْرَ فَدَخَلُوا بِهِ السُّوقَ يَعْرِضُونَهُ لِلْبَيْعِ، فَتَرَافَعَ النَّاسُ فِي ثَمَنِهِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ ثَمَنُهُ وَزْنَهُ ذَهَبًا وَوَزْنَهُ فِضَّةً وَوَزْنَهُ مِسْكًا وَحَرِيرًا، وَكَانَ وَزْنُهُ أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ رِطْلٍ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً فَابْتَاعَهُ قِطْفِيرُ مِنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ ذُعْرٍ بِهَذَا الثَّمَنِ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَقَالَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ مِنْ مِصْرَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ أَكْرِمِي مَثْوَاهُ عَسَى أَنْ يَنْفَعَنَا أَوْ نَتَّخِذَهُ وَلَدًا وَكَذَلِكَ مَكَّنَّا لِيُوسُفَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلِنُعَلِّمَهُ مِنْ تَأْوِيلِ الْأَحَادِيثِ وَاللَّهُ غَالِبٌ عَلَى أَمْرِهِ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ (٢١) ﴾ . ﴿وَقَالَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ مِنْ مِصْرَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ﴾ وَاسْمُهَا: رَاعِيلُ، وَقِيلَ: زُلَيْخَا، ﴿أَكْرِمِي مَثْوَاهُ﴾ أَيْ: مَنْزِلَهُ وَمُقَامَهُ، وَالْمَثْوَى: مَوْضِعُ الْإِقَامَةِ. وَقِيلَ: أَكْرِمِيهِ فِي الْمَطْعَمِ وَالْمَلْبَسِ وَالْمُقَامِ. وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ وَابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ: مَنْزِلَتَهُ. ﴿عَسَى أَنْ يَنْفَعَنَا﴾ أَيْ: نَبِيعَهُ بِالرِّبْحِ إِنْ أَرَدْنَا الْبَيْعَ، أَوْ يَكْفِيَنَا إِذَا بَلَغَ بَعْضَ أُمُورِنَا. ﴿أَوْ نَتَّخِذَهُ وَلَدًا﴾ أَيْ: نَتَبَنَّاهُ.