Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/212)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

It was also said that this refers specifically to the story of Joseph, peace be upon him. It is called the finest of narratives because of the lessons, wisdoms, subtle insights, and benefits it contains—matters beneficial to both religion and worldly life: accounts of kings and slaves, scholars, women’s scheming, patient endurance of the harm inflicted by enemies, and gracious forgiveness of them after reunion, along with other benefits.

Khalid ibn Ma‘dan said: “The people of Paradise will delight in Surah Yusuf and Surah Maryam in Paradise.”

Ibn ‘Ata’ said: “No sorrowful person hears Surah Yusuf (1) without finding comfort in it.”

His saying, exalted is He, “through what We have revealed to you”: the particle ma (a nominalizing particle) means, “through Our revelation to you.” “This Quran, although you were”—that is, “and you were”—“before it,” meaning before Our revelation (2), “among the unaware”: that is, among those unaware of this story, having no knowledge of it.

Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “The Quran was sent down to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, and he recited it to them for some time. Then they said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, if only you would speak to us.’ So Allah, exalted is He, sent down: ‘Allah has sent down the finest discourse’ (al-Zumar—23). They then said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, if only you would relate stories to us.’ So Allah, exalted is He, sent down: ‘We relate to you the finest of narratives.’ Then they said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, if only you would admonish us.’ So Allah, exalted is He, sent down (3): ‘Has the time not come for the believers’ hearts to humble themselves at the remembrance of Allah?’ (al-Hadid—16).”

“When Joseph said to his father, ‘My dear father, I saw eleven stars, and the sun and the moon; I saw them prostrating themselves before me’ (4).”

His saying, exalted is He, “When Joseph said to his father”: that is, remember when Joseph said to his father. Joseph is a Hebrew name [that was Arabized] (4), and for this reason it does not take declensional endings. It has also been said that it is Arabic (5).

Abu al-Hasan al-Aqta‘ was asked about the name Joseph. He replied: “In the language, asaf means sorrow, while asif means servant; the two were combined in Joseph, peace be upon him, and he was named accordingly.”

‘Abd al-Wahid ibn Ahmad al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il narrated to us. He said: ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad said: ‘Abd al-Samad narrated to us, from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Dinar,”} ’winiასრულ】【。jsonschema error? We need ensure no syntax issue. It's response format exactly object. But I made a serious quote unmatched? It ends chain comma as source, correct textual string ends quote. Let's analyze compliance

(1) In manuscript B: yatatabba'u (he traces/follows). (2) Omitted from manuscript A. (3) Reported by al-Tabari, 15/55; authenticated by Ibn Hibban, p. 432 of Mawarid al-Zam'an; and by al-Hakim, 2/345, with al-Dhahabi concurring. Through al-Hakim's transmission, it was also reported by al-Wahidi in Asbab al-Nuzul, p. 311. It was also reported by Ishaq ibn Rahuyah, al-Bazzar, Abu Ya'la, Ibn al-Mundhir, Ibn Abi Hatim, Abu al-Shaykh, and Ibn Mardawayh. See al-Durr al-Manthur, 4/496; al-Matalib al-Aliyah, 3/343. (4) Omitted from manuscript B. (5) Omitted from manuscript B.

وَقِيلَ: الْمُرَادُ مِنْهُ: قِصَّةُ يُوسُفَ ﵇ خَاصَّةً، سَمَّاهَا أَحْسَنَ الْقَصَصِ لِمَا فِيهَا مِنَ الْعِبَرِ وَالْحِكَمِ وَالنُّكَتِ وَالْفَوَائِدِ الَّتِي تَصْلُحُ لِلدِّينِ وَالدُّنْيَا، مِنْ سِيَرِ الْمُلُوكِ وَالْمَمَالِيكِ، وَالْعُلَمَاءِ، وَمَكْرِ النِّسَاءِ، وَالصَّبْرِ عَلَى أَذَى الْأَعْدَاءِ، وَحُسْنِ التَّجَاوُزِ عَنْهُمْ بَعْدَ الِالْتِقَاءِ، وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْفَوَائِدِ. قَالَ خَالِدُ بْنُ مَعْدَانَ: سُورَةُ يُوسُفَ وَسُورَةُ مَرْيَمَ يَتَفَكَّهُ بِهِمَا أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَطَاءٍ: لَا يَسْمَعُ (١) سُورَةَ يُوسُفَ مَحْزُونٌ إِلَّا اسْتَرَاحَ إِلَيْهَا. قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿بِمَا أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ﴾ "مَا" الْمَصْدَرُ، أَيْ: بِإِيحَائِنَا إِلَيْكَ، ﴿هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ﴾ وَقَدْ كُنْتَ، ﴿مِنْ قَبْلِهِ﴾ أَيْ: [قَبْلَ وَحْيِنَا] (٢) ﴿لَمِنَ الْغَافِلِينَ﴾ لَمِنَ السَّاهِينَ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ لَا تَعْلَمُهَا. قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ ﵁: أُنْزِلَ الْقُرْآنُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتَلَاهُ عَلَيْهِمْ زَمَانًا فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ حَدَّثْتَنَا، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷿: ﴿اللَّهُ نَزَّلَ أَحْسَنَ الْحَدِيثِ﴾ (الزُّمَرِ -٢٣) فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ قَصَصْتَ عَلَيْنَا، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷿: ﴿نَحْنُ نَقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ أَحْسَنَ الْقَصَصِ﴾ فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ ذَكَّرْتَنَا، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷿ (٣) أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ تَخْشَعَ قُلُوبُهُمْ لِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ﴾ (الْحَدِيدِ -١٦) . ﴿إِذْ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لِأَبِيهِ يَا أَبَتِ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَبًا وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ رَأَيْتُهُمْ لِي سَاجِدِينَ (٤) ﴾ . قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿إِذْ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لِأَبِيهِ﴾ أَيْ: وَاذْكُرْ إِذْ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لِأَبِيهِ، وَيُوسُفُ اسْمٌ عِبْرِيٌّ [عُرِّبَ] (٤) ، وَلِذَلِكَ لَا يَجْرِي [عَلَيْهِ الْإِعْرَابُ] وَقِيلَ هُوَ عَرَبِيٌّ (٥) . سُئِلَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْأَقْطَعُ عَنْ يُوسُفَ؟ فَقَالَ: الْأَسَفُ فِي اللُّغَةِ: الْحُزْنُ، وَالْأَسِيفُ: الْعَبْدُ، وَاجْتَمَعَا فِي يُوسُفَ ﵇ فَسُمِّيَ بِهِ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَنْبَأَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعَيْمِيُّ، أَنْبَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ،

(١) في "ب": يتتبع. (٢) ساقط من "أ". (٣) أخرجه الطبري: ١٥ / ٥٥، وصححه ابن حبان ص (٤٣٢) من موارد الظمآن، والحاكم: ٢ / ٣٤٥ ووافقه الذهبي، ومن طريقه أخرجه الواحدي في أسباب النزول ص (٣١١) . وأخرجه أيضا: إسحاق بن راهويه، والبزار، وأبو يعلى، وابن المنذر، وابن أبي حاتم، وأبو الشيخ وابن مردويه. انظر: الدر المنثور: ٤ / ٤٩٦، المطالب العالية: ٣ / ٣٤٣. (٤) ساقط من "ب". (٥) ساقط من "ب".