Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/182)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

and blessings upon you. Blessing is the abiding of goodness; hence the term used for a camel’s kneeling. It was also said that the blessing here means that Allah, Most High, made his descendants those who would remain until the Day of Resurrection.

“And upon communities from among those with you”—that is, upon the descendants of communities from among those who were with you in the Ark: generations that would come after you, from the descendants of those with you, from your children; and they are the believers. Muhammad ibn Ka‘b al-Qurazi said: “This includes every believer until the Hour is established.”

“And there will be communities whom We shall grant enjoyment”: this is a new clause, meaning communities whom We shall grant enjoyment in this world. “Then a painful punishment from Us will touch them”: they are the disbelievers and the wretched.

“That is from the accounts of the unseen which We reveal to you. Neither you nor your people knew it before this. So be patient; indeed, the final outcome belongs to the God-fearing. (49) And to ‘Ad We sent their brother Hud. He said, ‘O my people, worship Allah; you have no deity other than Him. You are only fabricators of falsehood. (50) O my people, I ask of you no reward for it. My reward is only from Him who originated me. Will you not then understand? (51) O my people, seek your Lord’s forgiveness, then repent to Him. He will send down abundant rain upon you from the sky and increase you in strength upon your strength. And do not turn away as criminals.’ (52)”

“That is from the accounts of the unseen”: the reports of the unseen. “Which We reveal to you. Neither you nor your people knew it before this”: before the Quran was sent down. “So be patient”: in carrying out Allah’s command, conveying the message, and enduring the harm you suffer from the disbelievers, just as Noah endured. “Indeed, the final outcome”—the end of the matter, with felicity and victory—“belongs to the God-fearing.”

Allah, Most High, says: “And to ‘Ad”—that is, We sent to ‘Ad—“their brother Hud,” a brother to them in lineage, not in religion. “He said, ‘O my people, worship Allah’”—affirm Allah’s oneness (1)—“you have no deity other than Him. You are only fabricators of falsehood”: in associating partners with Him (2), you are nothing but liars.

“O my people, I ask of you no reward for it”: that is, for conveying the message. “A reward”: payment. “My reward”: my recompense. “Is only from Him who originated me”: who created me. “Will you not then understand?”

“O my people, seek your Lord’s forgiveness”: that is, believe in Him; seeking forgiveness here means faith. “Then repent to Him” from worshipping others besides Him and from your past sins. “He will send down abundant rain upon you from the sky”: that is, He will send rain upon you in continual succession, time after time, at times of need. “And increase you in strength upon your strength”: that is, strength in addition to your strength. And that was because Allah, Most High,

(1) Omitted from manuscript B. (2) Omitted from manuscript B.

﴿وَبَرَكَاتٍ عَلَيْكَ﴾ الْبَرَكَةُ هِيَ: ثُبُوتُ الْخَيْرِ، وَمِنْهُ: بُرُوكُ الْبَعِيرِ. وقيل: البركة ها هنا هِيَ: أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى جَعَلَ ذُرِّيَّتَهُ هُمُ الْبَاقِينَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، ﴿وَعَلَى أُمَمٍ مِمَّنْ مَعَكَ﴾ أَيْ: عَلَى ذُرِّيَّةِ أُمَمٍ مِمَّنْ كَانَ مَعَكَ فِي السَّفِينَةِ، يَعْنِي عَلَى قُرُونٍ تَجِيءُ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ، مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ مَنْ مَعَكَ، مِنْ وَلَدِكَ وَهُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ، قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ الْقُرَظِيُّ: دَخَلَ فِيهِ كُلُّ مُؤْمِنٍ إِلَى قِيَامِ السَّاعَةِ ﴿وَأُمَمٌ سَنُمَتِّعُهُمْ﴾ هَذَا ابْتِدَاءٌ، أَيْ: أُمَمٌ سَنُمَتِّعُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا، ﴿ثُمَّ يَمَسُّهُمْ مِنَّا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ﴾ وَهُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ وَأَهْلُ الشَّقَاوَةِ. ﴿تِلْكَ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ الْغَيْبِ نُوحِيهَا إِلَيْكَ مَا كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُهَا أَنْتَ وَلَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْ قَبْلِ هَذَا فَاصْبِرْ إِنَّ الْعَاقِبَةَ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ (٤٩) وَإِلَى عَادٍ أَخَاهُمْ هُودًا قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلَهٍ غَيْرُهُ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا مُفْتَرُونَ (٥٠) يَا قَوْمِ لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَى الَّذِي فَطَرَنِي أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ (٥١) وَيَا قَوْمِ اسْتَغْفِرُوا رَبَّكُمْ ثُمَّ تُوبُوا إِلَيْهِ يُرْسِلِ السَّمَاءَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِدْرَارًا وَيَزِدْكُمْ قُوَّةً إِلَى قُوَّتِكُمْ وَلَا تَتَوَلَّوْا مُجْرِمِينَ (٥٢) ﴾ . ﴿تِلْكَ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ الْغَيْبِ﴾ أَخْبَارِ الْغَيْبِ، ﴿نُوحِيهَا إِلَيْكَ مَا كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُهَا أَنْتَ وَلَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْ قَبْلِ هَذَا﴾ مِنْ قَبْلِ نُزُولِ الْقُرْآنِ، ﴿فَاصْبِرْ﴾ عَلَى الْقِيَامِ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَتَبْلِيغِ الرِّسَالَةِ وَمَا تَلْقَى مِنْ أَذَى الْكُفَّارِ كَمَا صَبَرَ نُوحٌ، ﴿إِنَّ الْعَاقِبَةَ﴾ آخِرَ الْأَمْرِ بِالسَّعَادَةِ وَالنُّصْرَةِ ﴿لِلْمُتَّقِينَ﴾ . قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَإِلَى عَادٍ﴾ أَيْ: وَأَرْسَلْنَا إِلَى عَادٍ، ﴿أَخَاهُمْ هُودًا﴾ فِي النَّسَبِ لَا فِي الدِّينِ، ﴿قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ﴾ [وَحِّدُوا اللَّهَ] (١) ﴿مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلَهٍ غَيْرُهُ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا مُفْتَرُونَ﴾ مَا أَنْتُمْ [فِي إِشْرَاكِكُمْ] (٢) إِلَّا كَاذِبُونَ. ﴿يَا قَوْمِ لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ﴾ أَيْ: عَلَى تَبْلِيغِ الرِّسَالَةِ، ﴿أَجْرًا﴾ جُعْلًا ﴿إِنْ أَجْرِيَ﴾ مَا ثَوَابِيَ، ﴿إِلَّا عَلَى الَّذِي فَطَرَنِي﴾ خَلَقَنِي، ﴿أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ﴾ . ﴿وَيَا قَوْمِ اسْتَغْفِرُوا رَبَّكُمْ﴾ أَيْ: آمِنُوا به، والاستغفار ها هنا بِمَعْنَى الْإِيمَانِ، ﴿ثُمَّ تُوبُوا إِلَيْهِ﴾ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ غَيْرِهِ وَمِنْ سَالِفِ ذُنُوبِكُمْ، ﴿يُرْسِلِ السَّمَاءَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِدْرَارًا﴾ أَيْ: يُرْسِلِ الْمَطَرَ عَلَيْكُمْ مُتَتَابِعًا، مَرَّةً بَعْدَ أُخْرَى فِي أَوْقَاتِ الْحَاجَةِ، ﴿وَيَزِدْكُمْ قُوَّةً إِلَى قُوَّتِكُمْ﴾ أَيْ: شِدَّةً مَعَ شِدَّتِكُمْ. وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ ﷿

(١) ساقط من "ب". (٢) ساقط من "ب".