Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/161)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Qatadah said: “They would bend their chests so as not to hear the Book of Allah (1) or His remembrance (2).”

It was also said: A disbelieving man would enter his house, lower its curtain, bend his back, and cover himself with his garment, saying, “Does Allah know what is in my heart?”

Al-Suddi said: “They fold,” that is, they turn away with their hearts, as in the expression, “I turned my reins.” It was also said that it means: they bend themselves; from this comes the expression for the fold of a garment.

Ibn Abbas recited it as yathnawnī (3), on the pattern of yaḥlawlī, using a form that conveys an intensified sense of folding.

“So that they may conceal themselves from him”: that is, from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. Mujahid said: “So that they may conceal themselves from Allah, if they are able.” “Unquestionably, when they cover themselves with their garments”: they cover their heads with their garments. “He knows what they conceal and what they reveal. Indeed, He is Knowing of what is within the breasts.” Al-Azhari said: “The meaning of the verse, from its beginning to its end, is that the condition of those who secretly harbor enmity toward the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, is not hidden from Us.”

Abd al-Wahid al-Malihi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Nuaymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Ismail related to us; al-Hasan (4) ibn Muhammad ibn Sabbah related to us; Hajjaj related that Ibn Jurayj said: Muhammad ibn Abbad ibn Jafar informed me that he heard Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, reciting, “Unquestionably, they fold their breasts.” He said: “I asked him about it, and he said: ‘There were people who felt ashamed to relieve themselves while exposed to the sky, and to have intercourse with their wives while exposed to the sky; so this was revealed concerning them (5).’”

(1) In manuscript B: “speech.” (2) See Al-Tabari, 15:235. (3) In Al-Tabari: “tathnawni,” with the letter ta, following the pattern of “tahlawla al-thamarah” (the fruit became sweet), “tafa'wala.” (4) In manuscript B: “al-Husayn”; this is also the reading in Al-Tabari. The established reading is that of manuscript A, and it is likewise found in Al-Bukhari. (5) Recorded by Al-Bukhari in the section on tafsir, chapter: “Indeed, they fold their breasts ...,” 8:349. See also Al-Tabari, 15:236-237.

وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: كَانُوا يَحْنُونَ صُدُورَهُمْ كَيْ لَا يَسْمَعُوا كِتَابَ (١) اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَلَا ذِكْرَهُ (٢) . وَقِيلَ: كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنَ الْكَفَّارِ يَدْخُلُ بَيْتَهُ وَيُرْخِي سِتْرَهُ وَيَحْنِي ظَهْرَهُ وَيَتَغَشَّى بِثَوْبِهِ. وَيَقُولُ: هَلْ يَعْلَمُ اللَّهُ مَا فِي قَلْبِي. وَقَالَ السُّدِّيُّ: يَثْنُونَ أَيْ: يُعَرِضُونَ بِقُلُوبِهِمْ، مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ: ثَنَيْتُ عِنَانِي. وَقِيلَ: يَعْطِفُونَ، وَمِنْهُ: ثَنِيُّ الثَّوْبِ. وَقَرَأَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: "يَثْنَوْنِي" (٣) عَلَى وَزْنِ "يَحْلَوْلِي" جَعَلَ الْفِعْلَ لِلْمَصْدَرِ، وَمَعْنَاهُ الْمُبَالَغَةُ فِي الثَّنْيِ. ﴿لِيَسْتَخْفُوا مِنْهُ﴾ أَيْ: مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: لِيَسْتَخْفُوا مِنَ اللَّهِ إِنِ اسْتَطَاعُوا، ﴿أَلَا حِينَ يَسْتَغْشُونَ ثِيَابَهُمْ﴾ يُغَطُّونَ رُؤُوسَهُمْ بِثِيَابِهِمْ، ﴿يَعْلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ إِنَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ﴾ قَالَ الْأَزْهَرِيُّ: مَعْنَى الْآيَةِ مِنْ أَوَّلِهَا إِلَى آخِرِهَا: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ أَضْمَرُوا عَدَاوَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَا يَخْفَى عَلَيْنَا حَالُهُمْ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعَيْمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ (٤) بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ صَبَّاحٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ قَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄ يَقْرَأُ: ﴿أَلَا إِنَّهُمْ يَثْنُونَ صُدُورَهُمْ﴾ فَقَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهَا قَالَ: كَانَ أُنَاسٌ يَسْتَحْيُونَ أَنْ يَتَخَلَّوْا فَيُفْضُوا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، وَأَنْ يُجَامِعُوا نِسَاءَهُمْ فَيُفْضُوا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، فَنَزَلَ ذَلِكَ فِيهِمْ (٥) .

(١) في "ب": (كلام) . (٢) انظر: الطبري: ١٥ / ٢٣٥. (٣) في الطبري: (تثنوني) بالتاء الفوقية، على مثال: "تحلولي الثمرة"، "تفعوعل". (٤) في "ب": (الحسين) ، وكذلك في الطبري: والمثبت من "أ" وهو كذلك في البخاري. (٥) أخرجه البخاري في التفسير، باب: "ألا إنهم يثنون صدورهم ... " ٨ / ٣٤٩. وانظر الطبري: ١٥ / ٢٣٦-٢٣٧.