Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/141)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abdullah al-Nu'aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma'il related to us; Abu al-Yaman related to us; Shu'ayb related to us, from al-Zuhri, who said: Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib related to me that Abu Hurayrah said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, say, “Nothing remains of prophethood except the glad tidings.” They asked, “What are the glad tidings?” He replied, “The righteous dream.” (1)

It was also said: the glad tidings in this world are good praise, and in the Hereafter, Paradise.

Abd al-Wahid ibn Ahmad al-Mulayhi informed us; Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abi Shurayh informed us; Abu al-Qasim al-Baghawi informed us; Ali ibn al-Ja'd related to us; Shu'bah informed us from Abu Imran al-Jawni, who said: I heard Abdullah ibn al-Samit say: Abu Dharr said, “Messenger of Allah, a man performs deeds for himself and people love him?” He replied, “That is the immediate glad tidings of the believer.” (2) Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj also transmitted this hadith from Yahya ibn Yahya, from Hammad ibn Zayd, from Abu Imran, adding: “And people praise him for it.” (3)

Al-Zuhri and Qatadah said: It is the angels’ descent with glad tidings from Allah, exalted is He, at the time of death. Allah, exalted is He, says:

“Indeed, those who say, ‘Our Lord is Allah,’ and then remain steadfast—the angels descend upon them, saying, ‘Do not fear or grieve; rather, receive glad tidings of Paradise, which you were promised.’” (Fussilat 30)

Ata' reported from Ibn Abbas: The glad tidings in this world mean that, at the time of death, the angels come to them with glad tidings; and in the Hereafter, when the believer’s soul departs, it is raised up to Allah and given the glad tidings of Allah’s good pleasure.

Al-Hasan said: It is what Allah has promised the believers in His Book of His Paradise and His generous reward, such as His saying: “Give glad tidings to those who believe and do righteous deeds” (al-Baqarah 25); “Give glad tidings to the believers” (al-Ahzab 47); and “Receive glad tidings of Paradise” (Fussilat 30).

It was also said: He gave them glad tidings in this world, through the Book and the Messenger, that they are the friends of Allah; and He gives them glad tidings of Paradise in their graves and in their records of deeds. (4)

“There is no changing the words of Allah”: that is, there is no alteration to His decree and no failure in His promise. “That is the supreme triumph.”

(1) Reported by al-Bukhari in the Book of Dream Interpretation, chapter: “Glad Tidings,” 12:375; and by al-Baghawi in Sharh al-Sunnah, 12:202. (2) Sharh al-Sunnah by al-Baghawi, 14:327. (3) Reported by Muslim in the Book of Righteousness and Maintaining Ties, chapter: “When a righteous person is praised, it is glad tidings that do not harm him,” no. 2642, 4:2034-2035; and by al-Baghawi in Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:328. (4) Imam al-Tabari, may Allah have mercy on him, presented the various views concerning the interpretation of al-bushra (glad tidings) with which Allah gave these people glad tidings, then said: “The soundest interpretation is to say that Allah, exalted is He, informs us that His righteous allies shall have glad tidings in the life of this world. Among these glad tidings in this world are the righteous dream that a Muslim sees or that is seen for him; the angels’ glad tidings to him, at the departure of his soul, of Allah’s mercy, as narrated from the Prophet; and Allah’s glad tidings to him of the abundant reward He has promised in His Book and through the tongue of His Messenger. All these meanings are among Allah’s glad tidings to him in this worldly life. Allah did not restrict this to one meaning rather than another; rather, His praise be exalted, encompassed them all in His statement that they shall have glad tidings in the life of this world. As for the Hereafter, it is Paradise.” See Tafsir al-Tabari, 15:140-141.

أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِد الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعَيْمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ، أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: "لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنَ النُّبُوَّةِ إِلَّا الْمُبَشِّرَاتِ"، قَالُوا: وَمَا الْمُبَشِّرَاتُ؟ قَالَ: "الرُّؤْيَا الصَّالِحَةُ" (١) . وَقِيلَ: الْبُشْرَى فِي الدُّنْيَا هِيَ: الثَّنَاءُ الْحَسَنُ، وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ: الْجَنَّةُ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ بْنُ أَبِي شُرَيْحٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْبَغَوِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْجَعْدِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ الْجَوْنِيِّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ الرَّجُلُ يَعْمَلُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَيُحِبُّهُ النَّاسُ؟ قَالَ: "تِلْكَ عَاجِلُ بُشْرَى الْمُؤْمِنِ" (٢) . وَأَخْرَجَ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ، وَقَالَ: "وَيَحْمَدُهُ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ". (٣) . وَقَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَقَتَادَةُ: هِيَ نُزُولُ الْمَلَائِكَةِ بِالْبِشَارَةِ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ، قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: " تَتَنَزَّلُ عليهم الملائكة أن لا تَخَافُوا وَلَا تَحْزَنُوا وَأَبْشِرُوا بِالْجَنَّةِ الَّتِي كُنْتُمْ تُوعَدُونَ " (فُصِّلَتْ -٣٠) وَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: الْبُشْرَى فِي الدُّنْيَا، يُرِيدُ: عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ تَأْتِيهِمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِالْبِشَارَةِ، وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ عِنْدَ خُرُوجِ نَفْسِ الْمُؤْمِنِ، يُعْرَجُ بِهَا إِلَى اللَّهِ، وَيُبَشَّرُ بِرِضْوَانِ اللَّهِ. وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ: هِيَ مَا بَشَّرَ اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي كِتَابِهِ مِنْ جَنَّتِهِ وَكِرِيمِ ثَوَابِهِ، كَقَوْلِهِ: " وَبَشِّرِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ " (الْبَقْرَةِ -٢٥) ، " وَبَشِّرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ " (الْأَحْزَابِ -٤٧) " وَأَبْشِرُوا بِالْجَنَّةِ " (فُصِّلَتْ -٣٠) . وَقِيلَ: بَشَّرَهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا بِالْكِتَابِ وَالرَّسُولِ أَنَّهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ، وَيُبَشِّرُهُمْ فِي الْقُبُورِ وَفِي كُتُبِ أَعْمَالِهِمْ بِالْجَنَّةِ (٤) . ﴿لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِكَلِمَاتِ اللَّهِ﴾ لَا تَغْيِيرَ لِقَوْلِهِ، وَلَا خُلْفَ لِوَعْدِهِ. ﴿ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ﴾

(١) أخرجه البخاري في التعبير، باب المبشرات: ١٢ / ٣٧٥، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٢ / ٢٠٢. (٢) شرح السنة للبغوي: ١٤ / ٣٢٧. (٣) أخرجه مسلم في البر والصلة، باب إذا أثني على الصالح فهي بشرى لا تضره، برقم (٢٦٤٢) : ٤ / ٢٠٣٤-٢٠٣٥، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ٣٢٨. (٤) ساق الإمام الطبري ﵀، الأقوال في تفسير "البشرى" التي بشَّر الله بها هؤلاء القوم، ثم قال: "وأولى الأقوال في تأويل ذلك بالصواب، أن يقال: إن الله تعالى ذكره أخبر أن لأوليائه المتقين، البشرى في الحياة الدنيا. ومن البشارة في الحياة الدنيا: الرؤيا الصالحة، يراها المسلم أو ترى له، ومنها بشرى الملائكة إياه، عند خروج نفسه، برحمة الله، كما روي عن النبي ﷺ ... ، ومنها بشرى الله إياه ما وعده في كتابه وعلى لسان رسوله ﷺ من الثواب الجزيل ... وكل هذه المعاني من بشرى الله إياه في الحياة الدنيا بشَّره بها، ولم يخصص الله من ذلك معنى دون معنى، فذلك مما عمَّهُ جل ثناؤه: أن لهم البشرى في الحياة الدنيا. وأما في الآخرة فالجنة" انظر: تفسير الطبري: ١٥ / ١٤٠-١٤١.