Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (4/135)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“And among them are those who look at you. Can you, then, guide the blind, even though they do not see? (43) Indeed, Allah does not wrong people in the least, but people wrong themselves. (44) And on the Day He gathers them, it will seem to them as though they had remained only an hour of the day, recognizing one another. Those who denied the meeting with Allah will surely have lost, for they were not rightly guided. (45)”

He says: “Among them are those who listen to you” with their outward hearing, yet this does not benefit them. “Can you, then, make the deaf hear?” That is, the hearing of the heart, “even though they do not understand?”

“And among them are those who look at you” with their outward sight. “Can you, then, guide the blind?” That is, the blindness of the heart, “even though they do not see?” This is consolation from Allah, Exalted is He, to His Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He says: You are unable to make hear those from whom I have taken away hearing; you are unable to guide those from whom I have taken away sight; and you are unable to grant success in faith to those concerning whom I have decreed that they will not believe.

“Indeed, Allah does not wrong people in the least,” for in all His actions He is gracious and just. “But people wrong themselves” through disbelief and disobedience.

His saying, Exalted is He, “And on the Day He gathers them”: Hafs recited it with the third-person form, while the others recited it with the first-person plural form. “It will seem as though they had remained only an hour of the day.” Al-Dahhak said: It is as though they had remained in this world only an hour of the day. Ibn Abbas said: It is as though they had remained in their graves only the span of an hour of the day. “Recognizing one another”: when they are raised from their graves, they will recognize one another just as they recognized one another in this world. Then such recognition will cease when they behold the terrors of the Day of Resurrection. Some reports state that, on the Day of Resurrection, a person will recognize whoever is beside him, yet will not speak to him out of awe and fear. (1)

“Those who denied the meeting with Allah will surely have lost, for they were not rightly guided.” What is meant by this loss is the loss of one’s own soul, and there is no loss greater than it.

(1) Al-Suyuti attributed it to Ibn Abi Hatim and Abu al-Shaykh, on the authority of al-Hasan. Al-Durr al-Manthur, 4/365.

﴿وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْكَ أَفَأَنْتَ تَهْدِي الْعُمْيَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا لَا يُبْصِرُونَ (٤٣) إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ النَّاسَ شَيْئًا وَلَكِنَّ النَّاسَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ (٤٤) وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ كَأَنْ لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا إِلَّا سَاعَةً مِنَ النَّهَارِ يَتَعَارَفُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِلِقَاءِ اللَّهِ وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ (٤٥) ﴾ . فَقَالَ: ﴿وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْتَمِعُونَ إِلَيْكَ﴾ بِأَسْمَاعِهِمُ الظَّاهِرَةِ فَلَا يَنْفَعُهُمْ، ﴿أَفَأَنْتَ تُسْمِعُ الصُّمَّ﴾ يُرِيدُ: سَمْعَ الْقَلْبِ، ﴿وَلَوْ كَانُوا لَا يَعْقِلُونَ﴾ . ﴿وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْكَ﴾ بِأَبْصَارِهِمُ الظَّاهِرَةِ، ﴿أَفَأَنْتَ تَهْدِي الْعُمْيَ﴾ يُرِيدُ عَمَى الْقَلْبِ، ﴿وَلَوْ كَانُوا لَا يُبْصِرُونَ﴾ وَهَذَا تَسْلِيَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ ﷿ لِنَبِيِّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: إِنَّكَ لَا تَقْدِرُ أَنْ تُسْمِعَ مَنْ سَلَبْتُهُ السَّمْعَ، وَلَا أَنْ تَهْدِيَ مَنْ سَلَبْتُهُ الْبَصَرَ، وَلَا أَنْ تُوَفِّقَ لِلْإِيمَانِ مَنْ حَكَمْتُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا يُؤْمِنُ. ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ النَّاسَ شَيْئًا﴾ لِأَنَّهُ فِي جَمِيعِ أَفْعَالِهِ مُتَفَضِّلٌ عَادِلٌ، ﴿وَلَكِنَّ النَّاسَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ﴾ بِالْكَفْرِ وَالْمَعْصِيَةِ. قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ﴾ قَرَأَ حَفْصٌ بِالْيَاءِ، وَالْآخَرُونَ بِالنُّونِ، ﴿كَأَنْ لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا إِلَّا سَاعَةً مِنَ النَّهَارِ﴾ قَالَ الضَّحَّاكُ: كَأَنْ لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا سَاعَةً مِنَ النَّهَارِ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: كَأَنْ لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا فِي قُبُورِهِمْ إِلَّا قَدْرَ سَاعَةٍ مِنَ النَّهَارِ، ﴿يَتَعَارَفُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ﴾ يَعْرِفُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا حِينَ بُعِثُوا مِنَ الْقُبُورِ كَمَعْرِفَتِهِمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا، ثُمَّ تَنْقَطِعُ الْمَعْرِفَةُ إِذَا عَايَنُوا أَهْوَالَ الْقِيَامَةِ. وَفِي بَعْضِ الْآثَارِ: أَنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ يَعْرِفُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مَنْ بِجَنْبِهِ وَلَا يُكَلِّمُهُ هَيْبَةً وَخَشْيَةً. (١) ﴿قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِلِقَاءِ اللَّهِ وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ﴾ وَالْمُرَادُ مِنَ الْخُسْرَانِ: خُسْرَانُ النَّفْسِ، وَلَا شَيْءَ أَعْظَمُ مِنْهُ.

(١) عزاه السيوطي لابن أبي حاتم وأبي الشيخ عن الحسن. الدر المنثور: ٤ / ٣٦٥.